DK171082B1

DK171082B1 - Plate-shaped building element made of plastic and its plate assembly

Info

Publication number: DK171082B1
Application number: DK47194A
Authority: DK
Inventors: Sven Harder; Flemming Correll Frank
Original assignee: Villadsens Fab As Jens
Priority date: 1994-04-22
Filing date: 1994-04-22
Publication date: 1996-05-28
Also published as: DK47194A

Description

i DK 171082 B1in DK 171082 B1

Den foreliggende opfindelse angår et pladeformet byggeelement af plast og af den type, som omfatter en set fra indersiden konkav plade, der ved modstående sidekanter har nedadtil åbne cylindriske koblingsorganer, der er således udformet, at et koblingsorgan på en 5 plade kan bringes til tæt at omslutte et koblingsorgan på en hosliggende plade.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a plate-shaped plastic element of the type comprising an inner concave plate seen at opposite side edges having downwardly open cylindrical coupling members which are designed so that a coupling member of a plate can be brought into close proximity. enclosing a coupling means on an adjacent plate.

Pladeformede byggeelementer af ovennævnte art er beskrevet i bla. DK patent nr. 111461, og de finder udstrakt anvendelse til fremstilling 10 af bl.a. tage og vægge til udestuer, carporte og lignende og som ovenlyskonstruktioner.Plate-like building elements of the above-mentioned type are described in, inter alia. DK patent no. 111461, and they find extensive use in the manufacture of e.g. roofs and walls for conservatories, carports and the like and as skylights.

De nævnte byggeelementers bøjningsstivhed og dermed deres modstandsdygtighed mod belastning vinkelret på pladeplanet bestemmes for en 15 stor dels vedkommende af tykkelsen af den krumme plade og i tilfælde, hvor der kræves en stor bøjningsstivhed, f.eks. ved opbygning af tage, der skal kunne modstå et stort snetryk, eller som skal være gangfaste, har det derfor været nødvendigt at anvende store vægtykkelser, hvilket medfører et relativt stort materialeforbrug.The bending stiffness of said building elements and thus their resistance to load perpendicular to the plate plane is determined in large part by the thickness of the curved plate and in cases where a large bending stiffness is required, e.g. Therefore, in the construction of roofs that must withstand a large snow pressure or which must be walkable, large wall thicknesses have been used, which results in a relatively large consumption of material.

2020

Formålet med opfindelsen er at tilvejebringe et byggeelement af den i indledningen angivne art, der set i forhold til materialeforbruget har en større bøjningsstivhed end de kendte byggeelementer.The object of the invention is to provide a building element of the kind stated in the introduction which, in relation to the material consumption, has a greater bending stiffness than the known building elements.

25 Dette formål opnås ifølge opfindelsen ved, at byggeelementet omfatter en indvendig membran, der strækker sig mellem den konkave plades modstående sider og sammen med pladen danner et hulrum.This object is achieved according to the invention in that the building element comprises an inner membrane which extends between the opposite sides of the concave plate and together with the plate forms a cavity.

Udtrykket "membran" betegner heri et bøjeligt element, såsom en 30 plastfolie.The term "membrane" herein means a flexible member such as a plastic film.

Når et pladeformet byggeelement af den i indledningen angivne art belastes med en kraft vinkelret på pladeplanet, har den konkave plade tendens til at blive fladere. Derved nedsættes pladens plade-35 inertimoment og dermed pladens bøjningsstivhed.When a plate-shaped building element of the kind specified in the preamble is loaded with a force perpendicular to the plate plane, the concave plate tends to flatten. Thereby, the plate inertia moment of the plate is reduced and thus the bending stiffness of the plate.

Belastes et pladeformet byggeelement ifølge opfindelsen på tilsvarende måde, vil udfladningen af den konkave plade blive modvirket af trækkræfter dannet i membranen, og pladeinertimomentet og dermed DK 171082 B1 2 bøjningsstivheden vil derved forblive stort set uændret.If a plate-shaped building element according to the invention is similarly loaded, the flattening of the concave plate will be counteracted by tensile forces formed in the membrane and the plate inertia and thus the bending stiffness will thereby remain largely unchanged.

I praksis har det vist sig, at man med et byggeelement ifølge opfindelsen og uden at øge materialeforbruget har kunnet opnå en 20% 5 større bøjningsstivhed end med et tilsvarende kendt byggeelement. En sådan øget bøjningsstivhed er f.eks. opnået ved at gå fra et kendt byggeelement, hvor tykkelsen af den konkave plade er 1,5 mm, til et byggeelement ifølge opfindelsen, hvor pladetykkelsen er 1 mm, og hvor membranen har en tykkelse på 0,5 mm.In practice, it has been found that with a building element according to the invention and without increasing material consumption, a 20% 5 greater bending stiffness has been achieved than with a similarly known building element. Such increased bending stiffness is e.g. obtained by passing from a known building element where the thickness of the concave plate is 1.5 mm, to a building element according to the invention, where the plate thickness is 1 mm and the membrane has a thickness of 0.5 mm.

1010

Herudover frembyder byggeelementet ifølge opfindelsen den fordel, at det har en væsentligt bedre varmeisoleringsevne end et tilsvarende kendt byggeelement, hvilket skyldes hulrummet mellem den konkave plade og membranen. Denne forbedrede isoleringsevne bevirker, at 15 risikoen for kondensdannelse på indersiden af tage og vægge opbygget af byggeelementer ifølge opfindelsen reduceres eller helt undgås.In addition, the building element according to the invention offers the advantage that it has a significantly better thermal insulation capacity than a correspondingly known building element, which is due to the cavity between the concave plate and the membrane. This improved insulating ability reduces or completely avoids the risk of condensation on the inside of roofs and walls made up of building elements according to the invention.

Membranen består fortrinsvis af samme materiale som den konkave væg og koblingsorganerne. Eksempelvis kan hele elementet bestå af 20 polycarbonat, polyvinylchlorid og polyacrylat. Membranen fremstilles fortrinsvis i samme operation, f.eks. ved ekstrudering, som byggeelementets øvrige dele. Membranen kan dog også fremstilles separat og fastgøres til sidekanterne af den konkave plade ved svejsning eller på anden måde.The membrane preferably consists of the same material as the concave wall and the coupling means. For example, the entire element may consist of polycarbonate, polyvinyl chloride and polyacrylate. The membrane is preferably manufactured in the same operation, e.g. by extrusion, like the other parts of the building element. However, the diaphragm can also be manufactured separately and attached to the side edges of the concave plate by welding or otherwise.

2525

Membranen er som nævnt fleksibel og har fortrinsvis en tykkelse på mellem 0,4 og 0,8 mm. Tykkelsen af den konkave væg ligger fortrinsvis mellem 0,9 og 1,5 mm, og pilhøjden ligger fortrinsvis mellem 10 og 20 mm.As mentioned, the membrane is flexible and preferably has a thickness of between 0.4 and 0.8 mm. The thickness of the concave wall is preferably between 0.9 and 1.5 mm, and the arrow height is preferably between 10 and 20 mm.

30 I en foretrukket udførelsesform for byggeelementet ifølge opfindelsen er der på indersiden af nogle af koblingsorganerne tilvejebragt langsgående riller og fremspring og tilsvarende langsgående fremspring og riller på ydersiden af de koblingsorganer, som er 35 beregnet til at blive omsluttet af førstnævnte koblingsorganer. Ved passende lokalisering af de nævnte fremspring og riller kan opnås, at de går i indgreb med hverandre ved sammenkobling af to eller flere byggeelementer, og der opnås herved en forøget sikkerhed mod, at byggeelementerne frigøres fra hinanden i tilfælde af store 5 DK 171082 B1 3 vindsug.In a preferred embodiment of the building element according to the invention longitudinal grooves and projections are provided on the inside of some of the coupling means and corresponding longitudinal projections and grooves on the outside of the coupling means which are intended to be enclosed by the first coupling means. By appropriately locating said projections and grooves, they can be obtained to engage each other by interconnecting two or more building elements, thereby providing an increased assurance that the building elements are disengaged from each other in case of large 5 DK 171082 B1 3 wind uplift.

Opfindelsen angår endvidere en pladesamling, såsom en væg eller et tag dannet af sammenkoblede byggeelementer som ovenfor beskrevet.The invention further relates to a plate assembly such as a wall or roof formed of interconnected building elements as described above.

Pladesamlingen kan være fastgjort til et underlag ved hjælp af forankringsorganer med et tilnærmelsesvis cylinderformet hovede, som er indsat i hulrummene i det indre af to koblingsorganer, som er i indbyrdes indgreb. Forankringsorganerne kan f.eks. være fastgjort 10 til underlaget ved hjælp af skruer eller søm.The plate assembly may be attached to a support by anchoring means having an approximately cylindrical head inserted into the cavities of the interior of two interconnecting members. The anchoring means may e.g. be fixed 10 to the substrate by means of screws or nails.

En særlig foretrukket udførelsesform for et forankringsorgan omfatter et hovede, fortrinsvis cylinderformet, og et hul eller en kanal, hvori der kan indsættes en skrue eller et søm til fastgørelse af 15 forankringsorganet til underlaget.A particularly preferred embodiment of an anchoring means comprises a head, preferably cylindrical, and a hole or channel in which a screw or seam may be inserted to secure the anchoring member to the support.

En foretrukket udførelsesform for pladesamlingen ifølge opfindelsen omfatter langstrakte hule profiler anbragt over koblingsorganer, som er i indgreb med hinanden. Disse hule profiler bidrager dels til at 20 Øge pladesamlingens isoleringsevne ved at modvirke dannelsen af kuldebroer i de zoner, hvor koblingsorganerne er i indbyrdes indgreb og dels til at hindre, at koblingsorganerne går ud af indgreb.A preferred embodiment of the plate assembly according to the invention comprises elongated hollow profiles arranged over engagement members. These hollow profiles help partly to increase the insulation capacity of the plate assembly by counteracting the formation of cold bridges in the zones where the coupling means are mutually engaged and partly to prevent the coupling means from engaging.

For at opnå en særlig god fastholdelse af en tag- eller vægflade til 25 sådanne fastgørelsesorganer, er de koblingsorganer, der er beregnet til at slutte til fastgørelsesorganerne, fortrinsvis forsynet med langsgående fortykkelser ved overgangen til den konkave væg og ved deres frie kanter. Disse fortykkelser yder en ekstra modstand mod, at de sammenkoblede byggeelementer frigøres fra fastgørelsesorga-30 nerne.In order to obtain a particularly good retaining of a roof or wall surface for such fasteners, the coupling means intended to attach to the fasteners are preferably provided with longitudinal thickening at the transition to the concave wall and at their free edges. These thickens provide additional resistance to the interconnected building elements being released from the fasteners.

Opfindelsen skal i det følgende beskrives nærmere under henvisning til tegningen, hvor 35 fig. 1 viser et lodret tværsnitsbillede af et tag opbygget af byggeelementer ifølge opfindelsen, fig. 2 viser i forstørret målestok et tværsnitsbillede af den del af fig. 1, der er betegnet A, DK 171082 B1 4 fig. 3 viser et tværsnitsbillede svarende til det i fig. 2 viste af et tag, men fastgjort ved hjælp af en anden type forankringsorganer, 5 fig. 4 viser et tværsnitsbillede af et tag svarende til det i fig.The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the drawing, in which: FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a roof constructed of building elements according to the invention; FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the portion of FIG. 1, designated A, DK 171082 B1 4 FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view similar to that of FIG. 2 is shown by a roof but secured by another type of anchoring means; FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a roof similar to that of FIG.

3 viste og et isoleringsprofil til anbringelse over koblingsorganerne på to sammenkoblede byggeelementer.3 and an insulation profile for placing over the coupling means on two interconnected building elements.

På tegningen betegner 1 et vandret spær, der understøtter en tag-10 flade dannet af byggeelementer ifølge opfindelsen. Hvert element består af en krum væg 2 og en membran 3, som sammen afgrænser et hulrum 4. De viste byggeelementer har ved deres sidekanter koblingsorganer i form af opslidsede cylindriske flanger 5, 6, hvor flangen 6 på det ene byggeelement omslutter flangen 5 på et 15 hosliggende byggeelement.In the drawing, 1 denotes a horizontal bar supporting a roof surface formed by building elements according to the invention. Each element consists of a curved wall 2 and a membrane 3, which together define a cavity 4. The building elements shown have coupling means at their lateral edges in the form of slotted cylindrical flanges 5, 6, the flange 6 of one building element enclosing the flange 5 of a 15 adjacent building element.

I den viste tagopbygning er samlingen af byggeelementer ifølge opfindelsen fastgjort til lægterne ved hjælp af forankringsorganer 8 med et cylinderformet hovede 9, som har en udvendig diameter sva-20 rende til den indvendige diameter af flangen 6.In the roof structure shown, the assembly of building elements according to the invention is attached to the laths by means of anchoring means 8 with a cylindrical head 9 having an outside diameter corresponding to the inner diameter of the flange 6.

I forankringsorganerne 8 er der udformet huller, og de er fastgjort til spærene 1 ved hjælp af søm eller skruer 10, der er ført gennem de nævnte huller og ind i spærene 1.In the anchoring means 8, holes are formed and they are secured to the latches 1 by means of nails or screws 10 which pass through said holes and into the latches 1.

2525

Som det fremgår af fig. 2, er der på ydersiden af flangen 5 udformet savtakformede langsgående fremspring 20, der er indsat i tilsvarende langsgående riller 21 på indersiden af flangen 6. Flangen 5 er desuden forstærket med en skulder 22 og en vulst 23, som er bel i g -30 gende i tilsvarende langsgående forsænkninger på undersiden af det cylinderformede forankringsorgan 8.As shown in FIG. 2, saw-shaped longitudinal projections 20 are formed on the outside of the flange 5, which are inserted into corresponding longitudinal grooves 21 on the inside of the flange 6. The flange 5 is furthermore reinforced with a shoulder 22 and a bead 23 which is bellows 30. in corresponding longitudinal recesses on the underside of the cylindrical anchorage member 8.

Den i fig. 3 viste samling svarer til den i fig. 2, hvorfor der til samme dele er anvendt samme henvisningstal som i fig. 2. Samlingen 35 adskiller sig dog fra den i fig. 2 viste ved, at der til fastgørelse af taget til spærene er anvendt forankringsorganer med et cylindrisk hovede 24 og med en gennemgående kanal 25, hvori der er indsat et søm 26.The FIG. 3 is similar to that of FIG. 2, why the same reference numerals as in FIG. 2. However, assembly 35 differs from that of FIG. 2 shows that anchoring means with a cylindrical head 24 and with a through channel 25 in which a nail 26 is inserted are used to secure the roof to the rafters.

5 DK 171082 B15 DK 171082 B1

Den i fig. 4 viste samling af byggeelementer ifølge opfindelsen svarer til den i fig. 3 viste, men omfatter desuden et hult halvcirkelformet låseprofil 30, som er således udformet, at det kan bringes til at omslutte to flanger 5 og 6, som er i indbyrdes 5 indgreb. Låseprofilet 30 omfatter to hulrum 31 og 32, der virker isolerende og således modvirker dannelse af en kuldebro i det område, hvori to hosliggende byggelementer er sammenkoblede.The FIG. 4, the assembly of building elements according to the invention corresponds to that of FIG. 3, but additionally comprises a hollow semicircular locking profile 30, which is designed so as to cause it to enclose two flanges 5 and 6 which engage one another 5. The locking profile 30 comprises two cavities 31 and 32 which act in isolation and thus counteract the formation of a cold bridge in the area in which two adjacent building elements are interconnected.

Som det fremgår af fig. 4, er profilet 30 forsynet med savtakformede 10 langsgående riller 33 på profilets inderside. Disse riller 33 medvirker til at fastholde profilet på de samvirkende koblingsorganer 5, 6 og yder derved en yderligere sikring mod, at byggeelementerne frigøres fra forankringsorganerne 8.As shown in FIG. 4, the profile 30 is provided with saw-shaped 10 longitudinal grooves 33 on the inside of the profile. These grooves 33 assist in retaining the profile of the cooperating coupling members 5, 6, thereby providing additional protection against releasing the building elements from the anchoring means 8.

15 20 25 30 3515 20 25 30 35

Claims

1. A plate-shaped plastic element of the type comprising an inner concave plate seen from opposite side edges 5 having downwardly open cylindrical coupling members which are designed so that a coupling member on a plate can be brought to close enclose a coupling member on an adjacent plate, characterized in that it further comprises an inner membrane which extends between the opposite sides of the concave plate and together with the plate forms a cavity.

Building element according to claim 1, characterized in that the membrane consists of the same material as the concave wall and the coupling means. 15

Building element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the membrane consists of polycarbonate, polyvinyl chloride or polyacrylate.

Building element according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the membrane is made by extrusion.

Building element according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the membrane has a thickness of between 0.4 and 0.8 mm.

Building element according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that longitudinal grooves and projections are provided on the inside of one of the coupling means and corresponding projections and grooves are provided on the outside of the other coupling means, said grooves and projections are located in such a way that they engage with each other when two building elements are connected.

Building element according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that longitudinal locking beads are provided at each side of the coupling means intended to enclose a coupling means on another building element. DK 171082 B1

A plate assembly formed of interconnected building elements according to any one of the preceding claims.

Plate assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that it is fixed to a support by means of anchoring means having heads inserted into the interior of the coupling means and in which holes or channels for nails or screws for fixing are formed. of the anchoring means for a support.

Plate assembly according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that it further comprises elongated hollow profiles arranged over coupling means which engage one another. 15 20 25 30 35