DK168319B1 - Appliance for heating food material - Google Patents

Appliance for heating food material Download PDF

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Publication number
DK168319B1
DK168319B1 DK565889A DK565889A DK168319B1 DK 168319 B1 DK168319 B1 DK 168319B1 DK 565889 A DK565889 A DK 565889A DK 565889 A DK565889 A DK 565889A DK 168319 B1 DK168319 B1 DK 168319B1
Authority
DK
Denmark
Prior art keywords
heat
chamber
fluid
food material
energy
Prior art date
Application number
DK565889A
Other languages
Danish (da)
Other versions
DK565889A (en
DK565889D0 (en
Inventor
Mikael Kau
Lars Henning Christensen
Original Assignee
Cimbria Unigrain Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Cimbria Unigrain Ltd filed Critical Cimbria Unigrain Ltd
Priority to DK565889A priority Critical patent/DK168319B1/en
Publication of DK565889D0 publication Critical patent/DK565889D0/en
Priority to DK90916465.9T priority patent/DK0500636T3/en
Priority to EP90916465A priority patent/EP0500636B1/en
Priority to AT90916465T priority patent/ATE89395T1/en
Priority to DE9090916465T priority patent/DE69001612T2/en
Priority to PCT/DK1990/000288 priority patent/WO1991007631A1/en
Publication of DK565889A publication Critical patent/DK565889A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DK168319B1 publication Critical patent/DK168319B1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
    • F26B3/28—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by radiation, e.g. from the sun
    • F26B3/30—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by radiation, e.g. from the sun from infrared-emitting elements
    • F26B3/305—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by radiation, e.g. from the sun from infrared-emitting elements the infrared radiation being generated by combustion or combustion gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B11/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive
    • F26B11/02—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive in moving drums or other mainly-closed receptacles
    • F26B11/028—Arrangements for the supply or exhaust of gaseous drying medium for direct heat transfer, e.g. perforated tubes, annular passages, burner arrangements, dust separation, combined direct and indirect heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B23/00—Heating arrangements
    • F26B23/02—Heating arrangements using combustion heating

Abstract

In an apparatus for continuous heat treatment, a mechanically fluidized stream of material consisting preferably of a granular or highly viscous material is heated in a rotating chamber in co-current with heat energy originating from a burner (1), in which solid, liquid or gaseous fuel is burned. A portion of the energy liberated by the combustion heats the internal part of a thin-walled chamber (5), the external part of which at the material inlet (10) transfers energy to said stream of material in the form of radiant heat. The remaining portion of the energy liberated by the combustion, bound in the exhaust gases from the combustion process, are subjected to heat exchange in a primary convective heat exchanger (7) and one or more secondary heat exchangers (8) in counter-current with a gaseous process medium, preferably atmospheric air, said process medium transferring further energy to said stream of material in the form of convective energy.

Description

DK 168319 B1DK 168319 B1

Opfindelsen angår et apparat til opvarmning af fødevaremateriale, hvilket apparat er af den i krav l's indledning angivne art.The invention relates to an apparatus for heating food material which is of the kind specified in the preamble of claim 1.

5 Et apparat af denne art kendes fra USA-patentskrift nr. 1.547.655. Dette kendte apparat omfatter således en beholder - i det viste eksempel en roterende tromle -hvori det til opvarmning bestemte materiale, f.eks. kaffebønner, opvarmes ved hjælp af et i forhold til 10 tromlen lukket kammer, hvorigennem der ledes varm gas eller damp. Denne udformning medfører den fordel, at det til opvarmning bestemte materiale ikke kommer i berøring med den varme gas eller damp, således at forurening af materialet er undgået, men til gengæld har apparatet en 15 dårlig varmeøkonomi, dels fordi den varme gas eller damp, der skal afgive varme til materialet, tilføres gennem rør af en ikke ubetydelig længde med deraf følgende tab af varme, dels fordi den "brugte" gas eller damp ledes ud til en skorsten, uden at dens restvarmeindhold udnyttes.An apparatus of this kind is known from U.S. Patent No. 1,547,655. This known apparatus thus comprises a container - in the example shown a rotating drum - wherein the material intended for heating, e.g. coffee beans are heated by means of a chamber closed with respect to the drum through which hot gas or steam is conducted. This design has the advantage that the material intended for heating does not come into contact with the hot gas or steam, so that the pollution of the material is avoided, but on the other hand the apparatus has a poor heat economy, partly because the hot gas or steam which must supply heat to the material, supplied through pipes of not insignificant length, with consequent loss of heat, partly because the "spent" gas or steam is discharged to a chimney without utilizing its residual heat content.

20 Fra USA-patentskrift nr. 3.343.584 kendes et apparat, der er beregnet til opvarmning af massegods i form af et fluidiseret leje af partikelmateriale. I det således kendte apparat ledes forbrændingsgasserne ud fra det kammer, hvori brænderen er anbragt og som den afgiver 25 varme til, til det rum, hvor det til opvarmning bestemte massegods befinder sig, og forbrændingsgasserne kommer således i berøring med massegodset, hvad der dels medfører den fordel, at meget lidt af varmen går tabt, dels den ulempe ved opvarmning af følsomme materialer, f.eks. korn, 30 der skal udgøre eller indgå i fødemidler, at forbrændingsgassernes indhold af f.eks. nitrogen-oxider kan virke stærkt forringende på det til opvarmning bestemte massegods.US Patent No. 3,343,584 discloses an apparatus intended for heating bulk material in the form of a fluidized bed of particulate material. In the apparatus thus known, the combustion gases are discharged from the chamber in which the burner is placed and which gives off heat to the space in which the masses intended for heating are located, and the combustion gases thus come into contact with the masses, which in part entails the advantage that very little of the heat is lost, partly the disadvantage of heating sensitive materials, e.g. cereals, 30 which must constitute or be included in foodstuffs, that the contents of the combustion gases, e.g. Nitrogen oxides can greatly degrade the heating material intended for heating.

Det er på denne baggrund opfindelsens formål at anvise et 35 apparat af den indledningsvis nævnte art, hvor de omtalte DK 168319 B1 2 ulemper er undgået under bibeholdelse af de opnåede fordele, og dette formål opnås ved et apparat, som tillige udviser de træk, der er angivet i krav l’s kendetegnende 5 del. Herved opnås for det første, at det tab i varme-overføring, der fremkommer ved, at der ikke afgives varme til massegodset gennem forbrændingsgasserne, opvejes ved at anvende et særligt varmeoverføringsfluidum, fortrinsvis i form af luft eller en inaktiv gas, til at overføre den 10 varme, som ikke er strålevarme fra kammeret, og dermed fra forbrændingsgasserne, til massegodset, og for det andet, at varmeøkonomien på varmetilførselssiden forbedres, idet varmen frembringes i selve kammeret, og tab fra lange tilførselsledninger er undgået.Accordingly, it is the object of the invention to provide an apparatus of the kind mentioned above, in which the aforementioned disadvantages are avoided while retaining the advantages obtained, and this object is achieved by an apparatus which also exhibits the features which is characterized in the characteristic part of claim 1. First, it is achieved that the loss in heat transfer, which results from the fact that heat is not delivered to the bulk material through the combustion gases, is offset by using a special heat transfer fluid, preferably in the form of air or an inert gas, to transfer it. 10 heat which is not radiant heat from the chamber, and thus from the combustion gases, to the bulk goods, and secondly, that the heat economy on the heat supply side is improved, as heat is generated in the chamber itself and losses from long supply lines are avoided.

15 Ved den i krav 2 angivne udførelsesform forhindres det, at eventuelle lækager tillader forbrændingsgasser at strømme ind i de rum eller kanaler, hvori varmeoverføringsfluidet strømmer.In the embodiment of claim 2, it is prevented that any leaks allow combustion gases to flow into the compartments or channels in which the heat transfer fluid flows.

Opfindelsen skal i det følgende forklares nærmere under 20 henvisning til det på tegningen viste udførelseseksempel på et apparat ifølge opfindelsen.The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the exemplary embodiment of an apparatus according to the invention shown in the drawing.

1 en brænder 1 forbrændes fast, flydende eller gasformigt brændsel med et luftoverskud, således at forbrændingszonen 2 (flammen) har en gennemsnitstemperatur i området 400°C- 25 1200°C, fortrinsvis 600°C-1000°C.In a burner 1, solid, liquid or gaseous fuel is burned with an excess of air, so that the combustion zone 2 (the flame) has an average temperature in the range of 400 ° C-1200 ° C, preferably 600 ° C-1000 ° C.

Forbrændingen foregår i et brænderrør 3, som indvendigt er isoleret med et ildfast materiale, således at varmetrans-mission fra brænderrørets indervæg til ydervæg minimeres.The combustion takes place in a burner pipe 3, which is insulated internally with a refractory material, so that heat transmission from the interior wall of the burner pipe to the outer wall is minimized.

Den ved forbrændingen frigjorte energi vil således hoved-30 sagelig blive ført til brænderrørets munding og ud i den indvendige del 4 af et tyndvægget kammer 5.Thus, the energy released by the combustion will essentially be conveyed to the mouth of the burner tube and into the inner part 4 of a thin-walled chamber 5.

Kammeret 5 kan som vist have form som en cylinder med en DK 168319 B1 3 bund med form som et kuglefladeudsnit og bestå af et højildfast materiale (metal eller keramik).The chamber 5 can, as shown, be shaped like a cylinder with a bottom with a shape as a ball surface section and consist of a high-refractory material (metal or ceramic).

Kammeret 5 vil blive opvarmet i området 400°C til 1200°C/ 5 fortrinsvis 600°C-10000C, og udsende varmestråling fra kammerets udvendige del.The chamber 5 will be heated in the range of 400 ° C to 1200 ° C / 5, preferably 600 ° C-10000C, and emit heat radiation from the outside of the chamber.

Exhaustgasserne vil efter ophold i kammeret 5's indvendige rum 4 passere i et mellemrum 6 mellem brænderrørets yderside og kammeret 5's eksempelvis cylindriske del, 10 herefter kaldet den primære konvektive varmeveksler 7.The exhaust gases, after staying in the interior space 4 of the chamber 5, will pass in a space 6 between the outside of the burner tube and the for example cylindrical part of the chamber 5, hereinafter called the primary convective heat exchanger 7.

Exhaustgasserne kan ved ovennævnte passage sikres et turbulent strømningsforløb ved hjælp af ledeplader eller lignende, således at kontakten med den primære konvektive varmeveksler 7 maximeres.At the above passage, the exhaust gases can ensure a turbulent flow process by means of baffles or the like, so that contact with the primary convective heat exchanger 7 is maximized.

15 Exhaustgasserne forlader den primære konvektive varmeveksler 7 ved afsugning, og kan yderligere nedkøles i en eller flere eksterne sekundære konvektive varmevekslere 8b henholdsvis 8a.The exhaust gases leave the primary convective heat exchanger 7 upon suction, and may be further cooled in one or more external secondary convective heat exchangers 8b and 8a, respectively.

Efter afkøling og afsugning ved hjælp af ventilatoren 16 20 forlader exhaustgasserne anlægget ved 17.After cooling and suction using the fan 16 20, the exhaust gases leave the system at 17.

Det gasformige procesmedium, eksempelvis atmosfærisk luft, indsuges ved 19 ved hjælp af ventilatoren 18, og opvarmes i en eller flere konvektive varmevekslere 8a henholdsvis 8b, inden procesmediet passerer mellem den ildfaste 25 primære konvektive varmeveksler 7 og en manifold 21 og ledes ind i proceskammeret 11.The gaseous process medium, for example atmospheric air, is sucked in at 19 by the fan 18 and heated in one or more convective heat exchangers 8a and 8b, respectively, before the process medium passes between the refractory 25 primary convective heat exchanger 7 and a manifold 21 and enters the process chamber 11 .

Procesmediet kan ved ovennævnte passage sikres et turbulent strømningsforløb ved hjælp af ledeplader eller lignende, således at kontakten med den primære konvektive 30 varmeveksler 7 maximeres.In the above passage, the process medium can ensure a turbulent flow process by means of baffles or the like, so that contact with the primary convective heat exchanger 7 is maximized.

DK 168319 B1 4DK 168319 B1 4

Materialet, der skal behandles ifølge opfindelsen, ledes ind ved en indløbsslidsk 10 i det roterende proceskammer 11.The material to be treated according to the invention is fed into an inlet slit 10 in the rotating process chamber 11.

5 Materialet holdes ved hjælp af skovle eller lignende efter kendte principper i en mekanisk fluidiseret tilstand, og bevæges fra indløbsslidsken 10 til udkastehuset 12.5 The material is held by means of vanes or the like according to known principles in a mechanically fluidized state and is moved from the inlet slide 10 to the ejection housing 12.

Materialet udsættes i indløbsenden af det roterende kammer 11 for en intens varmepåvirkning, dels i form af varme-10 stråling udsendt af kammeret 5, dels i form af konvektiv energioverførsel, tilført fra det opvarmede gasformige procesmedium.The material is subjected at the inlet end of the rotating chamber 11 to an intense heat effect, partly in the form of heat radiation emitted by the chamber 5, and partly in the form of convective energy transfer, supplied from the heated gaseous process medium.

Intensiteten i varmepåvirkningen af materialet er faldende i takt med at materialet bevæges fra indløbsenden, ved 15 indløbsslidsken 10, mod udløbsenden ved udkastehuset 12.The intensity of the heat effect of the material decreases as the material moves from the inlet end, at the inlet slide 10, towards the outlet end at the outlet housing 12.

Ved opvarmning af granuløst materiale aftager varmetransmissionen fra kammeret 5 til materialestrømmen i takt med at partiklerne skygger for hinanden, og deres temperatur stiger.When heating granular material, the heat transmission from the chamber 5 to the material flow decreases as the particles shade for each other and their temperature increases.

20 Varmetransmissionen fra det opvarmede gasformige procesmedium til materialestrømmen aftager i takt med at procesmediet afkøles og eksempelvis partiklernes temperatur stiger.The heat transmission from the heated gaseous process medium to the material flow decreases as the process medium cools and, for example, the temperature of the particles increases.

Efter en given forudbestemt varmepåvirkningstid separeres 25 materialet og procesmediet efter kendte principper i udkastehuset 12, og materialet ledes ud gennem den lufttætte sluse 13.After a given predetermined heat effect time, the material and process medium are separated according to known principles in the exhaust housing 12 and the material is discharged through the airtight lock 13.

Det afkølede procesmedium ledes via røret 14 til cyklonen 15, hvor evt. støvformige dele efter kendte principper 30 frasepareres, for derefter, evt. sammen med exhaustgas-serne, yderligere at afkøles i den nederste sekundære DK 168319 B1 5 varmeveksler 8a.The cooled process medium is passed through the tube 14 to the cyclone 15, where possible. dusty parts according to known principles 30 are separated, and then, possibly, together with the exhaust gases, to be further cooled in the lower secondary DK 168319 B1 heat exchanger 8a.

Evt. kondensat fra den yderligere afkøling af procesmediet samt evt. exhaustgasserne aftappes ved 20.Possibly. condensate from the further cooling of the process medium as well as any. the exhaust gases are drained at 20.

Claims (2)

1. Apparat til opvarmning af flyde- eller risle dygtigt fødévaremateriale og af den art, der omfatter 5 a) et kammer (5), hvis indre er indrettet til at modtage varme i form af varm gas, og hvis væg eller vægge er indrettet til at overføre den således modtagne varme til fødevarematerialet, idet denne varme afgives fra kammervæggens eller -væggenes yderside ved stråling og 10 ledning, og b) afgasledeorganer (6, 17) til at lede brugt varm gas ud fra kammeret (5), idet c) afgasledeorganerne (6, 17) er indrettet til at lede den brugte varme gas fra kammeret (5) uden for det 15 eller de områder, hvor det til opvarmning bestemte fødevaremateriale befinder sig, kendetegnet ved, d) at apparatet omfatter en brænder (1, 2, 3), hvis forbrændingsprodukter udgør den varme gas, og som er 20 således anbragt i kammeret (5), at den også afgiver varme ved direkte stråling med kammerets (5) indervæg, og e) at apparatet omfatter fluidumledeorganer (19, 8a, 8b, 21. til at lede et fluidum med evne til at optage og 25 afgive varme ved ledning, adskilt fra den brugte varme gas og i varmeledende berøring, først med kammerets (5) yderside, og derpå med det til opvarmning bestemte fødevaremateriale, idet fluidumledeorganeme omfatter mindst én varmeveksler (8a), hvis ene side 30 indgår i passagen mellem indløbsstedet (19) for fluidet og rummet (2) omkring kammerets (5) ydervæg, og hvis anden side indgår i passagen mellem det område (11), hvor fluidet afgiver varme til fødevarematerialet og fluidets udløbssted (17). 351. Apparatus for heating liquid or rubbish capable food material and of the type comprising: (a) a chamber (5), the interior of which is adapted to receive heat in the form of hot gas and whose wall or walls are arranged for transferring the heat thus received to the food material, this heat being emitted from the outside of the chamber wall or walls by radiation and conduit, and b) degassing means (6, 17) to conduct spent hot gas from the chamber (5), c) the degassing means (6, 17) are arranged to direct the spent hot gas from the chamber (5) outside the heating area or areas where the food material intended for heating is characterized, d) the apparatus comprises a burner (1, 2, 3), whose combustion products constitute the hot gas, and which is so arranged in the chamber (5) that it also emits heat by direct radiation with the inner wall of the chamber (5), and e) the apparatus comprises fluid conductors (19, 8a). , 8b, 21. to lead a fluid capable of absorbing and supplying heat by conduction, separated from the spent hot gas and in heat conductive contact, first with the outside of the chamber (5), and then with the food material intended for heating, the fluid conducting means comprising at least one heat exchanger (8a ) if one side 30 enters the passage between the inlet point (19) of the fluid and the space (2) around the outer wall of the chamber (5) and the other side enters the passage between the area (11) where the fluid delivers heat to the food material and that of the fluid. outlet location (17). 35 2. Apparat ifølge krav 1, kendetegnet ved en sådan indretning, at det statiske gastryk i det (i krav 1, punkt DK 168319 B1 7 e) nævnte fluidum til stadighed holdes højere end det statiske gastryk i forbrændingsgasserne.Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the static gas pressure in the fluid (in claim 1, item DK 168319 B1 7 e) is constantly maintained higher than the static gas pressure in the combustion gases.
DK565889A 1989-11-13 1989-11-13 Appliance for heating food material DK168319B1 (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK565889A DK168319B1 (en) 1989-11-13 1989-11-13 Appliance for heating food material
DK90916465.9T DK0500636T3 (en) 1989-11-13 1990-11-08 Apparatus for heating a continuous fluid stream of infrared radiation and preheated air
EP90916465A EP0500636B1 (en) 1989-11-13 1990-11-08 Heating device for heating a continuously, fluidized material flow with infrared radiation and preheated air
AT90916465T ATE89395T1 (en) 1989-11-13 1990-11-08 DEVICE FOR HEATING A CONTINUOUS FLOW OF MATERIAL IN A FLUIDIZED BED BY MEANS OF INFRARED RADIATION AND PREHEATED AIR.
DE9090916465T DE69001612T2 (en) 1989-11-13 1990-11-08 DEVICE FOR HEATING A CONTINUOUS MATERIAL FLOW IN A FLUID BED BY MEANS OF INFRARED RADIATION AND PRE-WARMED AIR.
PCT/DK1990/000288 WO1991007631A1 (en) 1989-11-13 1990-11-08 Heating device for heating a continuously, fluidized material flow with infrared radiation and preheated air

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK565889 1989-11-13
DK565889A DK168319B1 (en) 1989-11-13 1989-11-13 Appliance for heating food material

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
DK565889D0 DK565889D0 (en) 1989-11-13
DK565889A DK565889A (en) 1991-07-08
DK168319B1 true DK168319B1 (en) 1994-03-14

Family

ID=8144273

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DK565889A DK168319B1 (en) 1989-11-13 1989-11-13 Appliance for heating food material
DK90916465.9T DK0500636T3 (en) 1989-11-13 1990-11-08 Apparatus for heating a continuous fluid stream of infrared radiation and preheated air

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DK90916465.9T DK0500636T3 (en) 1989-11-13 1990-11-08 Apparatus for heating a continuous fluid stream of infrared radiation and preheated air

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0500636B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE89395T1 (en)
DE (1) DE69001612T2 (en)
DK (2) DK168319B1 (en)
WO (1) WO1991007631A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0854337A1 (en) * 1997-01-16 1998-07-22 René Besnard Apparatus for drying crop material
AU2625699A (en) * 1998-02-23 1999-09-06 Amomatic Oy Continuous method and apparatus for heat treatment of mass
US9302231B2 (en) 2012-04-03 2016-04-05 Dubois Agricultural Engineering Incorporated Seed treating device

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DK527683A (en) * 1983-11-17 1985-09-02 Dantoaster Aps PROCEDURE FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF MATERIALS IN PARTICULAR AND HEATER FOR USE IN EXERCISING THE PROCEDURE

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0500636A1 (en) 1992-09-02
DE69001612D1 (en) 1993-06-17
DE69001612T2 (en) 1993-08-19
WO1991007631A1 (en) 1991-05-30
DK565889A (en) 1991-07-08
DK565889D0 (en) 1989-11-13
EP0500636B1 (en) 1993-05-12
DK0500636T3 (en) 1993-06-07
ATE89395T1 (en) 1993-05-15

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B1 Patent granted (law 1993)
PBP Patent lapsed