DK162455B

DK162455B - ROOF CONSTRUCTION INCLUDING BEARING PROFILES AND OF THESE BEARING Ceiling boards

Info

Publication number: DK162455B
Application number: DK066387A
Authority: DK
Inventors: Jan Wilkens
Original assignee: Jan Wilkens
Priority date: 1986-02-11
Filing date: 1987-02-10
Publication date: 1991-10-28
Also published as: NO163296C; EP0237504B1; DK162455C; EP0237504A3; ATE69477T1; SE8600602D0; NO870519L; DK66387D0; DK66387A; ES2026945T3; SE455320B; NO163296B; DE3774459D1; NO870519D0; EP0237504A2; SE8600602L

Abstract

A false ceiling structure including parallel carrying sections curved in a vertical direction, which carry false ceiling slabs (3), the latter being self-supporting between adjacent sections (1). The slab (3) has a readily flexible outer layer (32) which is exposed. The slab further includes a mineral fibre layer (33) which is bonded to the outer layer (32). The layer (33) is formed of a plurality of parallel, tightly adjacent billets (331) of mineral fibre. The billets extend unbroken between the two slab edges (31) carried by the section flanges (2). The billets have a fibre orientation, which is in planes substantially at right angle to the plane of the outer layer (32) and to the longitudinal direction of said two slab edges (31), such that the slab (3) has a substantially lower bending stiffness in the longitudinal direction of the sections (1) then at right angles to said direction.

Description

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Den foreliggende opfindelse angår en undertagskonstruktion af den i indledningen til krav 1 angivne art.The present invention relates to a roof structure of the kind set forth in the preamble of claim 1.

Undertage af den angivne art er normalt plane, dvs. dannede af rette, i et fælles plan liggende bæreprofiler og 5 på disse bårne, plane, stive indertagsplader. Af forskellige grunde, ofte æstetiske, vil man sommetider bibringe in-dertaget bueform. Således kan et bølgeformet indertag give fordele med hensyn til lyddæmpning. Endvidere kan belysningsarmaturer anbringes i en bueformet, blottet tagoverflades 10 topområder, så at armaturerne ikke er synlige i afstand. Endvidere kan det af praktiske grunde være hensigtsmæssigt lokalt at udforme indertaget med en nedadgående bugtning, indenfor hvilken en rørledning kan anbringes eller skjules.Exceptions of the specified type are usually planar, ie formed of straight, in common plane bearing profiles and 5 on these supported, flat, rigid ceiling plates. For various reasons, often aesthetically, sometimes arched form will be imparted. Thus, a corrugated ceiling can provide benefits in terms of sound attenuation. Furthermore, lighting fixtures can be placed in an arcuate, exposed roof surface 10 top areas so that the fixtures are not visible from a distance. Furthermore, for practical reasons, it may be convenient locally to design the roof with a downward bend within which a pipeline may be placed or concealed.

De i undertaget indgående plader er fortrinsvis af lyddæm-15 pende eller lydabsorberende karakter og bør endvidere fortrinsvis frembyde en brandbeskyttelse.Preferably, the panels included in the panels are sound-absorbing or sound-absorbing and should preferably provide fire protection.

Tidligere metoder til at fremstille hvælvede undertage bygger på teknikken at formpresse pladerne til den ønskede hvælvede form. Pladernes geometri bliver derved 20 bestemt af formpresseværktøjets facon, og indertagets bueform eller bølgeform kan kun varieres, hvis et antal forskelligt hvælvede tagplader står til rådighed, hvilket medfører store omkostninger med hensyn til fremstilling, lagerføring og lignende.Previous methods of making vaulted roofs are based on the technique of molding the sheets to the desired vaulted shape. The geometry of the plates is thereby determined by the shape of the molding tool, and the arc or waveform of the ceiling can only be varied if a number of differently vaulted roof plates are available, which entails high costs in terms of manufacture, storage and the like.

25 Opfindelsen har til formål at tilvejebringe en un dertagskonstruktion, som på en enkel måde kan bibringes en en enkeltkrum bueform med ønskede radier.The invention has for its object to provide a roof structure which can be provided in a simple manner to a single curved arc with desired radii.

Med udgangspunkt i den undertagskonstruktion, som er angivet i indledningen til krav 1, er opfindelsen ejen-30 dommelig ved det, som fremgår af den kendetegnende del af krav 1. Opfindelsen går i grunden ud fra, at indertagets enkeltkumme form defineres af i lodret plan krumme afsnit af de bærende profiler, og at man som undertagsplader udnytter plader, som er fritbærende eller selvbærende i deres 35 tværretning, dvs. i normalretningen til deres modstående, af bæreprofilerne bårne kantdele, men som er letbøjelige iBased on the roof structure set forth in the preamble of claim 1, the invention is peculiar to that shown in the characterizing portion of claim 1. The invention basically assumes that the single-hull shape of the ceiling is defined by a vertical plane. curved sections of the supporting profiles and utilizing sheets which are free-bearing or self-supporting in their transverse direction, e.g. in the normal direction to their opposite, edge portions worn by the carriers but which are easily bendable in

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deres længderetning. Ved opfindelsen består undertagspladerne af et bøjeligt overfladelag, som er beregnet til at være blottet, og et mineralfiberlag, som er tilsluttet til overfladelaget. Overfladelaget er fortrinsvis luftgennemtrænge-5 ligt og flammesikkert. Mineralfiberlaget er på i og for sig kendt måde dannet af mineralfiberlameller, som kan være bundne til hinanden, eksempelvis klæbede til hinanden, alternativt frit lagt tæt op imod hinanden, idet lamellerne strækker sig ubrudte mellem de to pladekanter, som skal bæres på 10 bæreprofilerne. Fiberlame11erne har en fiberorientering, som i hovedsagen ligger i planer, der er vinkelrette på overlagets plan og på de nævnte pladekanter. Herigennem opnår mineralfiberlaget en betydelig større bøjningsstivhed i sin tværretning end i sin længderetning. Således kan pladen en-15 kelt bibringes en enkeltkrummet form i sin længderetning for at slutte sig til de tilsvarende krumme afsnit af bæreprofilerne. En konventionel mineralfibermåtte dannes ved, at fibre afsættes på et plant, gasgennemtrængeligt underlag, hvorefter den dannede fibermåtte fikseres ved hjælp af et 20 bindemiddel. Derved bliver fibrene i hovedsagen orienterede i planer, som er parallelle med underlagets plan. En sådan mineralfiberplade har imidlertid væsentlig samme bøjningsstivhed i to vinkelrette retninger i sit plan.their longitudinal direction. In the invention, the roofing sheets consist of a flexible surface layer which is intended to be exposed and a mineral fiber layer which is connected to the surface layer. The surface layer is preferably air permeable and flame resistant. The mineral fiber layer is formed in a known manner from mineral fiber lamellae which may be bonded to each other, for example, adhered to each other, alternatively freely laid close together, the lamellae extending uninterrupted between the two plate edges to be supported on the carrier profiles. The fiber lamellae have a fiber orientation, which is essentially in planes perpendicular to the plane of the overlay and on said plate edges. Hereby, the mineral fiber layer achieves a significantly greater bending stiffness in its transverse direction than in its longitudinal direction. Thus, the plate can be simply provided a single curved shape in its longitudinal direction to join the corresponding curved sections of the carrier profiles. A conventional mineral fiber mat is formed by depositing fibers on a flat, gas-permeable substrate, after which the fiber mat formed is fixed by a binder. Thereby, the fibers are generally oriented in planes parallel to the plane of the substrate. However, such a mineral fiber board has substantially the same bending stiffness in two perpendicular directions in its plane.

Det er i og for sig kendt at udskære lameller af 25 sådanne mineralfibermåtter og at tværstille dem samt at sammenlime disse lameller til plader eller måtter, som eventuelt forsynes med overfladelag. Sådanne produkter anvendes for eksempel til rørisolering og som varmeisolerende plader med store krav til trykstyrke. Ifølge opfindelsen udnyttes 30 nu sådanne produkter som undertagsplader i kombination med i lodret retning krummede bæreprofiler til undertage. Pladerne opbygges således, at de i tværretningen får stor bøjningsstivhed takket være, at lamellernes fibre anbringes hovedsagelig i planer, som er vinkelrette på pladens hoved-35 overflader og på pladens længderetning. Herigennem kommer den resulterende plade til at udvise en betydelig lavereIt is known per se to cut slats of 25 such mineral fiber mats and to transverse them and to bond these slats to sheets or mats which may be provided with surface layers. Such products are used, for example, for pipe insulation and as heat insulating plates with high demands on compressive strength. According to the invention, such products are now utilized as roofing sheets in combination with vertical curved supporting profiles for roofing. The plates are constructed such that they obtain high bending stiffness in the transverse direction thanks to the fibers of the slats being arranged mainly in planes which are perpendicular to the main surfaces of the plate and the longitudinal direction of the plate. This results in the resulting plate exhibiting a significantly lower

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3 bøjningsstivhed i sin længderetning end i sin tværretning. Skivens overfladelag er fortrinsvis fleksibelt eller tyndt og bøjeligt for ikke unødvendigt at forøge undertagspladens bøjningsstivhed i dens længderetning. Herved kan under-5 tagspladens bøjningsstivhed tilpasses til skivens bredde, så at pladen bliver fritbærende i det væsentlige uden ned-bøjning mellem bæreprofilerne. Ved at pladen på grund af den nævnte lamelkonstruktion har væsentlig lavere bøjningsstivhed i sin længderetning, kan den enkelt formes til 10 krumningen af de i lodret plan krummede bæreprofilafsnit.3 bending stiffness in its longitudinal direction than in its transverse direction. The surface layer of the disc is preferably flexible or thin and flexible so as not to unnecessarily increase the bending stiffness of the roof plate in its longitudinal direction. Hereby, the bending stiffness of the underlay plate can be adapted to the width of the disc, so that the plate becomes free-bearing substantially without deflection between the supporting profiles. Because of the said slat structure, the plate has substantially lower bending stiffness in its longitudinal direction, it can easily be shaped to the curvature of the vertical profile curved sections.

Ofte kan herved undertagspladerne have så lav bøjningsstivhed i deres længderetning, at pladen under indvirkning af tyngdekraften slutter sig til de krumme bæreprofilafsnit.Often, the sub-roof sheets can have such a low bending stiffness in their longitudinal direction that the plate, under the influence of gravity, joins the curved support profile sections.

Det bør imidlertid stå klart, at bæreprofilerne sædvanlig-15 vis indbefatter lodrette kroppe eller kropsdele og vandrette flanger, hvorved der, hvis dette er nødvendigt, kan anbringes klemmer på kroppens overdel for at nedtrykke pladen mod bæreprofilets flange, så at pladen slutter sig godt til flangens krumning. Sådanne klemmer kan indbefatte en gaffel, 20 som kan påsættes over den øvre del af bæreprofilernes lodrette krop, og en flange, som rager vandret ud og bringes til anlæg imod pladens øvre kantdel. De nævnte klemmer kan komme til anvendelse, når et afsnit af indertaget skal bibringes en forholdsvis kraftig krumning. Det bør imidler-25 tid stå klart, at pladen kan forsynes med et kantspor, i hvilket bæreprofilens flange indgriber, hvorved pladens krumning defineres af profilflangen, og der ikke kræves nogen klemme for at bringe pladens langsgående krumning til at slutte sig til profilens krumning. Herved kan pladens side-3° overflader være beklædt med et elastisk lag.However, it should be understood that the carrier profiles usually include vertical bodies or body parts and horizontal flanges, whereby, if necessary, clamps can be applied to the upper body of the body to depress the plate against the carrier profile flange so that the plate joins well. the curvature of the flange. Such clamps may include a fork 20 which can be mounted over the upper portion of the vertical body of the support profiles, and a flange which projects horizontally and abuts against the upper edge portion of the plate. Said clamps can be used when a section of the ceiling has to be given a relatively strong curvature. However, it should be clear that the plate can be provided with an edge groove in which the support profile flange engages, whereby the curvature of the plate is defined by the profile flange and no clamp is required to cause the longitudinal curvature of the plate to join the profile curvature. This allows the side-3 ° surfaces of the plate to be coated with an elastic layer.

Opfindelsen skal i det følgende beskrives nærmere ud fra udførelsesformer, idet der henvises til tegningen, på hvilken fig. 1 viser et skematisk tværsnit gennem en under-35 tagskonstruktion ifølge opfindelsen, fig. 2 et snit langs linien II-II i fig. 1,BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention will now be described in more detail from embodiments, with reference to the drawing, in which: FIG. 1 shows a schematic cross-section through a roof structure according to the invention; FIG. 2 is a section along line II-II of FIG. 1

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fig. 3 i perspektiv en plade, der indgår i den i fig. 1 og 2 viste konstruktion, og fig. 4 skematisk en detalje af et tværsnit gennem en alternativ konstruktion ifølge opfindelsen.FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a plate included in the embodiment of FIG. 1 and 2, and FIG. 4 is a schematic detail of a cross-section through an alternative construction according to the invention.

5 I fig. 3 er vist en rektangulær undertagsplade 3, som har to modstående længdekanter 31, ved hvilke pladen 3 er beregnet til at kunne bæres på bærende profiler, som er ophængte fra en indertagskonstruktion, som det senere skal beskrives. Pladen 3 har således en længderetning L, som er 10 parallel med kanterne 31's retning, og en derpå vinkelret bredderetning B. Pladen 3 indbefatter et overfladelag 32, som fortrinsvis er luftgennemtrængeligt og flammesikkert og kan bestå af et glasfibervæv, være malet eller lignende. Endvidere indbefatter pladen 3 et på overfladelaget 32 li-15 met mineralfiberlag 33. Laget 33 består af et stort antal parallelle, tæt til hinanden grænsende mineralfiberlamel-ler 331. Hver af lamellerne 331 er dannet af en på konventionel måde fremstillet mineralfibermåtte, idet pladen 3's lameller 331 er anbragt således, at deres hovedsagelige 20 fiberplaner ligger vinkelrette på overfladelaget 32 og vinkelrette på pladen 3’s længderetning L. Lamellernes mod hinanden grænsende overflader kan være bundne til hinanden, eksempelvis klæbede til hinanden, eller alternativt være frit lagte tæt op imod hinanden.5 In FIG. 3, a rectangular roof plate 3 is shown which has two opposite longitudinal edges 31, at which plate 3 is intended to be supported on supporting profiles suspended from a ceiling structure, as will be described later. The plate 3 thus has a longitudinal direction L which is parallel to the direction of the edges 31 and a perpendicular width direction B. The plate 3 includes a surface layer 32 which is preferably air permeable and flame resistant and may consist of a glass fiber web, be painted or the like. Further, the plate 3 includes a mineral fiber layer 33 on the surface layer 32 layer 15. The layer 33 consists of a plurality of parallel, closely adjacent mineral fiber slats 331. Each of the slats 331 is formed of a conventional fiber fiber mat, the plate 3 being slats 331 are arranged such that their substantially 20 planes of fiber lie perpendicular to the surface layer 32 and perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the plate 3. The slats adjacent to each other may be bonded to one another, for example, adhered to each other, or alternatively be freely laid close together.

25 Af fig. 1 og 2 kan man se, at pladen 3 bæres af i og for sig konventionelle bærende profiler 1, som i hvert fald på deres mod hinanden vendende sider har vandrette flanger 2, som danner underlag for pladen 3's kantdele 31. Lamellerne 331 strækker sig således uafbrudte mellem to na*-30 boprofiler 1 og har stor bøjningsstivhed i denne retning takket være den angivne fiberorientering i lamellerne, så at pladen uden væsentlig nedbøjning er selvbærende mellem naboprofiler 1. I pladen 3!s længderetning L har pladen 3 imidlertid en markant lavere bøjningsstivhed end i 35 bredderetningen B, hvorfor pladen af tyngdekraften bliver deformeret, så at pladen krummes og i det væsentlige slut- Γ DK 162455 Β 5 Ο ter sig til profilernes form i lodret retning.25 From FIG. 1 and 2, it can be seen that the plate 3 is supported by conventional supporting profiles 1, which have at least on their opposite sides horizontal flanges 2 which form the support for the edge parts of the plate 3. The slats 331 thus extend continuous between two na * -30 upper profiles 1 and has high bending stiffness in this direction thanks to the specified fiber orientation in the slats, so that the plate without substantial deflection is self-supporting between neighboring profiles 1. However, the plate 3! bending stiffness than in the latitude B, which is why the plate of gravity is deformed so that the plate curves and substantially end to the shape of the profiles in a vertical direction.

Som vist i fig. 1 og 2 kan profilerne i et længdeafsnit udvise krummet form i det lodrette plan, idet de krummede afsnit ligger ud for hinanden. Herved kan pladen 3 an-5 tage den form, som defineres af de krumme profilafsnit. Som vist i fig. 1 og 2 kan profilerne 1 have vandrette flanger 2, på hvilke pladen 3 hviler. Hvis profilerne l's lodrette krumning skulle være så kraftig, at pladen 3 på grund af tyngdekraften ikke kommer helt til anlæg imod profilflanger-10 ne 2, kan man udnytte såkaldte clips 4 til at bringe pladen 3 til nærmere at slutte sig til flangerne 2. Profilerne 1 kan på i og for sig kendt måde indbefatte lodrette kroppe 21, og klemmerne 4 kan have en klemmegaffel, som kan påsættes over kroppene 21's øvre del, samt en flange, som 15 strækker sig ind over pladen 3's randområde. Ved at trykke klemmen 4 ned på kroppen 21 kan pladens randdel trykkes til intim kontakt med profilen l's flange 2.As shown in FIG. 1 and 2, the profiles in a longitudinal section may show a curved shape in the vertical plane, the curved sections being opposite one another. Hereby, the plate 3 can assume the shape defined by the curved profile sections. As shown in FIG. 1 and 2, the profiles 1 may have horizontal flanges 2 on which the plate 3 rests. If the vertical curvature of the profiles 1 is to be so strong that the plate 3, due to gravity, does not come fully into contact with the profile flanges-10 ne 2, so-called clips 4 can be utilized to bring the plate 3 closer to the flanges 2. The profiles 1 may include vertical bodies 21 known per se, and the clamps 4 may have a clamping fork which can be mounted over the upper part of the bodies 21, and a flange 15 extending over the rim area of the plate 3. By pressing the clamp 4 down on the body 21, the edge portion of the plate can be pressed into intimate contact with the flange 2 of the profile 1.

I fig. 1 og 2 er skematisk vist konventionelle ophængningsindretninger for bæreprofilerne 1, men disse op-20 hængningsindretninger udgør ikke nogen del af deri foreliggende opfindelse. I fig. 1 og 2 er den hovedsagelige fiberorientering angivet ved streglinier i de forskellige lameller 331, idet det bør stå klart, at pladen 3's længderetning L udgør normalretning til fibrenes hovedsagelige orienterings-25 planer.In FIG. 1 and 2 are schematically shown conventional suspension devices for the carrier profiles 1, but these suspension devices do not form part of the present invention. In FIG. 1 and 2, the main fiber orientation is indicated by dashed lines in the different slats 331, it should be understood that the longitudinal direction L of the plate 3 constitutes the normal direction of the main orientation planes of the fibers.

I fig. 4 er vist en alternativ udformning af en plade, som indgår i undertagskonstruktionen ifølge opfindelsen, idet pladen 3 har et kantspor 35, som modtager profilen l's vandrette flange 2. Herved bør pladen 3's sporforsynede si-30 dekant være beklædt med et elastisk materiale 34, som forstærker kanten og som tillader pladen at indtage den nævnte, enkeltkrumme form.In FIG. 4 shows an alternative embodiment of a plate which is part of the roof structure according to the invention, the plate 3 having an edge groove 35 which receives the horizontal flange of the profile 1. The groove 3 of the plate 3 should be covered with an elastic material 34, which reinforces the edge and allows the plate to take on the said single curved shape.

Pladen 3 kan bibringes ønsket krumning i sin længderetning, uden at dens bøjningsstivhed i bredderetningen B 35 ændres i nogen væsentlig grad. Ved hjælp af en enkelt type plader kan der derfor fremstilles enkeltkrumme bueformede el-The plate 3 can be imparted to its desired longitudinal curvature without altering its bending stiffness in the latitudinal direction B 35 to any significant degree. By means of a single type of plate, therefore, single-curved arcuate electrical forms can be produced.

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6 ler bølgeformede undertage med forskellige krumningsradier. Herved kan man temmelig frit vælge krumningsradier, buehøjde, bølgefrekvens eller lignende for et ikke plant undertag. Undertagets enkeltkrumme facon bestemmes ved passende 5 ønsket valg af bæreprofilernes krumning, idet pladerne kan antage denne krumning på den ovenfor angivne måde. Ved opfindelsen kan der således fremstilles forskellige undertage med Ønsket, forskellig enkeltkrumning ved hjælp af en enkelt type i længderetningen bøjelige plader til forskel fra den 10 tidligere teknik, hvor undertagets enkeltkrumning defineredes af formfikserede plader.6 clay corrugated roofs with different radii of curvature. This allows you to freely choose curvature radii, arc height, wave frequency or the like for a non-level roof. The single curved shape of the undercarriage is determined by suitably choosing the curvature of the carrier profiles, the plates being able to assume this curvature in the manner indicated above. Thus, in the invention, different roofs can be made with the desired, different single curvature by means of a single type of longitudinally flexible plates, unlike the prior art, in which the single curvature of the roof is defined by form-fixed plates.

Ved opfindelsen kan undertaget således bibringes en enkeltkrum facon i eksempelvis kun visse længdeafsnit af taget, idet enkeItkrumningen kan vælges i hovedsagen 15 frit. Dette indebærer endvidere, at plader 3 kan anvendes også til plane undertagsafsnit. Undertagets og pladerne 3's krumning bestemmes således af bæreprofilernes lodrette krumning.Thus, in the invention, the undercarriage can be imparted to a single curved shape in, for example, only certain longitudinal sections of the roof, the single curvature being able to be selected generally 15 freely. This further implies that plates 3 can also be used for flat roof sections. Thus, the curvature of the roof and plates 3 is determined by the vertical curvature of the carrier profiles.

Opfindelsens væsentligste forskel i forhold til den 20 tidligere teknik indfor området kan anses at ligge i anvend delsen af de ovenfor definerede plader som undertagsplader i den angivne konfiguration i kombination med i det lodrette plan krumme afsnit af bæreprofiler til undertagsplader.The main difference of the invention with respect to the prior art in the art can be considered to be the use of the above-defined sheets as roofing sheets in the specified configuration in combination with the vertical plane curved sections of roofing profiles for roofing boards.

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Claims

7 O DK 162455 B Patent claims.

A roof structure including parallel supporting profiles (1), which are provided on their opposite sides with flanges (2) and a roof plate (3) arranged between two adjacent profiles, which is supported on the flanges at opposite edges (31). (2) and is self-supporting between the profiles, the plate (3) including a bare, downward facing surface layer (32) and a mineral fiber layer (33) connected thereto, characterized in that at least 10 a section of the profiles (1) has a vertically curved stretch that the surface layer (32) of the plate is pliable, that the mineral fiber layer (33) of the plate is formed by a number of parallel, closely adjacent mineral fiber slats (331), the slats (331) extending unbroken between said 15 plate edges (31) carried by the profile flanges (2), which have a fiber orientation, which are generally in planes perpendicular to the plane of the surface layer (32) and in the direction (L) of said two plate edges (31). .

A roof structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the profiles have vertical bodies (21) and that clamps (4) are clamped on the upper part of the body in order to maintain contact with the flanges of said plate (3) with the flanges (3). horizontal flanges of bearing profiles (2).

A roof structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the side surfaces of the plate (3) at the edges (31) have grooves (35) into which the flanges (2) of the profiles (1) engage.

A roof structure according to claim 3, characterized in that the side surfaces of the plate (3) are coated with an elastic layer (34). 35