DK159899B

DK159899B - Appliance for boning pieces of meat

Info

Publication number: DK159899B
Application number: DK436087A
Authority: DK
Inventors: Leo Bruhn
Original assignee: Ct Linmark A S
Priority date: 1987-08-21
Filing date: 1987-08-21
Publication date: 1990-12-31
Also published as: DK436087D0; DK159899C; DK436087A

Description

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Når kødstykker skal udbenes i slagterier, gåes der ofte-frem på en hovedsagelig manuel måde, idet slagteriarbejderen løsner og trækker hvert enkelt ben fri. I nogle tilfælde er der tale om mange ben i et enkelt stykke kød, f.eks.When pieces of meat are to be boned in slaughterhouses, it is often proceeded in a mainly manual manner, with the slaughterhouse worker loosening and pulling each leg free. In some cases, there are many bones in a single piece of meat, e.g.

5 ribbensstykker i en udskåret flæskeside. Til hjælp ved arbejdet kendes et redskab, der kan løsne et enkelt ben, der derefter kan trækkes ud manuelt. Et sådant redskab er kendt fra DE offentliggørelsesskrift nr. 25 10 956, og hvormed man med en kniv på redskabet skærer en ende af benene fri.5 ribs in a cut pork side. To assist in the work is a tool that can loosen a single leg which can then be pulled out manually. Such a tool is known from DE Publication No. 25 10 956, whereby one end of the legs is cut free with a knife on the tool.

10 Over denne ende føres en slynge anbragt på redskabet, hvorefter slyngen trækkes langs benet, der herved løsnes fra hinder og kød. Metoden kræver, at arbejderen bruger mange kræfter ved trækningen, og han får problemer i form af ryglidelser og knuder i håndled og underarmsmuskler. Samtidig 15 flås kødets overflade op, og nogle gange rives lunser af kød med ved processen.10 Above this end, a sling is placed on the implement, after which the sling is pulled along the leg, thereby loosening from obstacles and meat. The method requires that the worker uses a lot of force during the drawing and he gets problems in the form of back injuries and knots in the wrist and forearm muscles. At the same time, the surface of the meat is peeled open, and sometimes lumps of meat are torn during the process.

Dette arbejdsmiljømæssige problem er søgt løst ved at drive slyngen med et trykluftdrevet apparat, men apparatet har 20 ikke vist sig særlig praktisk og anvendes ikke, da slagteriarbejdet ofte udføres på akkord.This working environment problem has been solved by operating the sling with a compressed air driven apparatus, but the apparatus has not proved particularly practical and is not used since the slaughterhouse work is often performed on a chord.

Der kendes imidlertid apparater, hvormed dette arbejdsmiljømæssige problem kan undgås.However, devices are known for avoiding this occupational health problem.

2525

Fra GB patentskrift nr. 1.203.522 kendes således et apparat til udbening af forfjerdinger af slagtekød, hvor forfjerdingen inklusive rygrad understøttes i én del af apparatet, og hvor en i forhold dertil bevægelig anden del af appara-30 tet kan skille kødet fra ribbenene med mejselagtige, frem-og tilbagegående "spatler", der drives af individuelle excentrikker på en fælles aksel. Denne anden del har samvirkende ruller, der kan gribe om ribbenenes frie ender og trække i disse således, at delen selv trækkes hen mod den 35 første del efterhånden som udbeningen skrider frem. Apparatet er forholdsvis kompliceret opbygget, og derfor kost- 2GB patent specification No. 1,203,522 thus discloses an apparatus for deboning the meat forceps, where the forceps including the backbone are supported in one part of the apparatus, and where a relatively movable other part of the apparatus can separate the meat from the ribs with chiseled, reciprocating "spatulas" driven by individual eccentrics on a common shaft. This second portion has cooperating rollers which can grip the free ends of the ribs and pull them so that the portion itself is pulled towards the first portion as the boning progresses. The apparatus is relatively complicated and therefore costly

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bart, dels på grund af de mange individuelt bevægede spatler og dels på grund af den bevægelige apparatdel, der føres langs en kurvebane. Apparatet er ikke særlig velegnet til mindre kødstykker med forholdsvis korte, afskårne ben-5 stykker, såsom flæskesider.bare, partly because of the many individually moving spatulas and partly because of the movable apparatus portion which is passed along a curve path. The apparatus is not very suitable for smaller cuts of meat with relatively short, cut legs, such as pork sides.

Fra DE offentliggørelsesskrift 25 13 879 kendes endvidere et andet udbeningsapparat, der kan bruges ved udbening af kødstykker med ben siddende i det væsentlige parallelt med 10 hinanden og umiddelbart under kødstykkets ene overflade, kaldet bensiden, idet et kødstykke kan fremføres i apparatet, der omfatter en overfor bensiden anbragt tandbesat valse til at indvirke på benene. Opfindelsen angår et sådant apparat.Furthermore, from DE publication 25 13 879 another boning apparatus is known which can be used for boning pieces of meat with bones substantially parallel to one another and directly below one surface of the meat piece, called the bone side, a meat piece can be advanced in the apparatus comprising a positioned opposite the leg side toothed roller to affect the legs. The invention relates to such an apparatus.

1515

Det sidstnævnte apparat fungerer ved, at et kødstykke lægges i en holder i apparatet, hvorefter tyngdekraften trækker kødstykket ned mod en separationsindretning for ben og kød bestående af en lang kniv og, under kniven, en afbøj-20 ningsplade for ben. Kniven bevæges under processen af en motordrevet excentermekanisme i knivsæggens længderetning. Benene skæres således under ét fri af kødstykket, hvilket vil sige, at køddelene mellem benene også fjernes. Derved opstår et uønsket spild.The latter apparatus functions by placing a piece of meat in a holder in the apparatus, after which gravity pulls the piece of meat down against a bone and meat separation device consisting of a long knife and, under the knife, a bending plate for bones. During the process, the knife is moved by a motor-driven eccentric mechanism in the longitudinal direction of the knife saw. The bones are thus cut freely from the piece of meat, which means that the meat portions between the bones are also removed. This creates an unwanted waste.

2525

Opfindelsens formål er at tilvejebringe et udbeningsapparat, der kan anvendes til forholdsvis små kødstykker som flæskesider, og som er mindre kompliceret i opbygning end kendte apparater samtidig med, at spild af kød ved udbenin-30 gen undgås.The object of the invention is to provide a deboning apparatus which can be used for relatively small pieces of meat such as pork sides, and which is less complicated in construction than known appliances while avoiding the waste of meat in the boning.

Det opnås ifølge opfindelsen med et apparat af den i indledningen angivne art, der er ejendommeligt ved at omfatte transportorganer til at føre kødstykket gennem et første 35 område i apparatet, hvor afviserorganer til at trykke eller fortrænge kødet fra benene er anbragt, idet afvi- 3It is achieved in accordance with the invention with an apparatus of the kind set forth in the preamble, characterized by comprising transport means for passing the piece of meat through a first area of the apparatus, in which rejection means for pressing or displacing the meat from the legs are arranged, rejecting the meat.

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serorganerne er indrettet til, set i fremføringsretningen, i et andet område bag det første område at føre kødstykket i en bane, der er afbøjet i en retning væk fra bensiden, idet der nær det sted, hvor retningsændringen sker, foruden 5 den tandbesatte valse er yderligere to valser eller ruller placeret sådan i forhold til hinanden, at de alle tre samvirker til løsning af benene og at i det mindste de to ved klemning i mellem sig kan gribe og trække flere ben ad gangen ud af kødstykket.the serrated means are arranged, in the direction of advance, in a second area behind the first area to guide the piece of meat in a path which is deflected in a direction away from the leg side, near the place where the change of direction occurs, in addition to the toothed roller. two further rolls or rollers positioned in relation to each other such that all three cooperate to solve the bones and that at least the two can squeeze and pull several bones out of the meat piece at a time.

1010

Ifølge opfindelsen presses kødet væk fra benene i bensiden, og ved afbøjning af kødet med afviserne i det nævnte andet område er benene tilbøjelig til at stikke lige ud således, at benene kan gribes af de to yderliger valser eller ruller 15 og trækkes ud af kødstykket. Ved denne operation frigøres benene fra kødstykket næsten uden kødspild. Endvidere har kødstykket et pænere udseende efter udbeningen ved brug af apparatet ifølge opfindelsen end ved brug af de kendte metoder og apparater, idet der ikke rives nær så meget op i 20 kødets overflade, et forhold, der har betydning ved salg af f.eks. flæskesider.According to the invention, the meat is pressed away from the bones in the leg side, and when deflecting the meat with the rejectors in said second area, the legs tend to protrude straight so that the legs can be gripped by the two additional rollers or rollers 15 and pulled out of the meat piece. In this operation, the bones are released from the piece of meat almost without any meat waste. Furthermore, the meat piece has a nicer appearance after boning using the apparatus according to the invention than using the known methods and apparatus, since not nearly as much is torn up into the surface of the meat, a factor which is important in the sale of e.g. pork sides.

Der opnås en meget sikker fremføring af kødstykket, når transportbåndet, som omhandlet i krav 2, har en glat over-25 flade, som kødets overflade hæfter godt ved.A very secure feed of the meat piece is obtained when the conveyor belt, as defined in claim 2, has a smooth surface on which the surface of the meat adheres well.

En foretrukken udførelsesform for afviserorganerne i apparatet er angivet i krav 3, hvor afviserorganerne består af aflange, parallelt anbragte afvisere i form af bøjler, 30 fingre eller lignende anbragt i det første område sammen med flere i det væsentlige stjerneformede hjul med eftergi-velige spidser ragende ned mellem afviserne og anbragt på en fælles aksel, idet afviserne i området ved de stjerneformede hjul har et lige forløb, og længere henne, i det 35 andet område, har en krumning.A preferred embodiment of the rejecting means of the apparatus is set forth in claim 3, wherein the rejecting means consists of elongated, parallel mounted rejectors in the form of shackles, 30 fingers or the like arranged in the first region together with several substantially star-shaped wheels with residual tips projecting down between the deflectors and placed on a common shaft, the deflectors in the region of the star-shaped wheels having a straight course, and further in the second region having a curvature.

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44

Det foretrækkes endvidere, at den ene af de samvirkende valser langs sin omkreds er forsynet med savtakkede tænder, der forløber i hele valsens længde, hvilken valses øverste periferi ligger højere end afvisernes lige stykke, som an-5 givet i krav 4. Derved opnås løsgøring af benstykkerne og en stor gribeevne for valserne, idet den pågældende valses tænder kan brække benstykkerne løs af kødet, når benenderne rammer valsen, for derefter i samarbejde med tænderne at trække benene ud.It is further preferred that one of the cooperating rollers along its circumference is provided with saw-toothed teeth extending throughout the length of the roll, the upper periphery of the roller being higher than the straight portion of the rejectors as claimed in claim 4. of the bone pieces and a great grasping ability for the rollers, the teeth of the particular roller being able to break the bone pieces off the meat when the legs end striking the roller, and then in cooperation with the teeth, pull out the legs.

10 Når apparatet nær afvisernes krumme del har en valse med en eftergivelig overflade, som omhandlet i krav 5, kan kødstykker med forskellig tykkelse lettere passere gennem apparatet under udbeningen.When the apparatus near the curved portion of the rejectors has a roll with a resilient surface as defined in claim 5, pieces of meat of different thicknesses can more easily pass through the apparatus during deboning.

1515

Ved en foranstaltning, som angivet i krav 6, hvor apparatet før de stjerneformede hjul, set i fremføringsretningen, har en aksel forsynet med skiftevis runde knive og i det væsentlige cylindriske ringe, hvor ringene har en større dia-20 meter end knivene, vil ringene kunne presse kødets overflade ned mellem benstykkerne og dermed stramme kødets hinder over benene. Knivene vil så gennemskære hinderne over benene i bensiden af kødstykket.In a measure as claimed in claim 6, in which the apparatus before the star-shaped wheels, seen in the direction of advance, has a shaft provided with alternating circular blades and substantially cylindrical rings, the rings having a larger diameter than 20 knives, the rings will be able to push the surface of the meat down between the bone pieces, thus tightening the meat obstruction over the legs. The blades will then cut the barriers over the legs of the leg of the meat.

25 Et udførelseseksempel for opfindelsen skal i det følgende beskrives nærmere under henvisning til tegningen, hvor fig. 1 viser et lodret snit gennem et apparatet ifølge opfindelsen, 30 fig, 2 viser et perspektivbillede af apparatet ifølge opfindelsen, hvor den ene side er fjernet, fig. 3 viser akslen med de runde knive set vinkelret på 35 rotationsaksen, ogAn embodiment of the invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the drawing, in which: FIG. 1 shows a vertical section through an apparatus according to the invention; FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of the apparatus according to the invention, with one side removed; 3 shows the shaft with the round blades seen perpendicular to the axis of rotation, and

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5 fig. 4 viser detaljer ved et stykke kød, der skal udbenes.5 FIG. 4 shows details of a piece of meat to be boned.

En udførelsesform for apparatet ifølge opfindelsen er op-5 bygget på et stativ 1 med ben 2, med en side 3. En drivstation bestående af en gearmotor 4 er fastgjort mellem benene 2 eller på siden 3. Med kædetræk 5 drives en rulle 19, fra hvis aksel et kædetræk igen driver en drivtromle 7 ved båndets afkastende, hvilken drivtromle 7 trækker transportbån-10 det 8.An embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention is built on a frame 1 with legs 2, with a side 3. A drive station consisting of a gear motor 4 is fixed between the legs 2 or on the side 3. With chain pull 5, a roller 19 is driven from the shaft of a chain drive again drives a drive drum 7 at the belt's exit, which drive drum 7 pulls the conveyor belt 10.

Fra rullen 19 drives via ikke viste tandhjul på siden 3 et stjerneformet hjul 6 med spidser 15 af gummi, en tandbesat valse 9, en gummirulle 10 og en tandvalse 11, hvor siden 3 15 også optager lejerne for de forskellige ruller og valser.From the roller 19, a star-shaped wheel 6 with rubber tips, a toothed roller 9, a rubber roller 10 and a tooth roller 11 are driven via side gears on side 3, where the side 3 15 also accommodates the bearings for the different rollers and rollers.

På en stang 12, der forløber mellem siden 3 og den ikke viste modsatte side er ophængt afvisere i form af rundstænger 13. Rundstængerne 13 har på en strækning 14 et lige 20 forløb parallelt med transportbåndet 8, hvor spidserne 15 på det stjerneformede hjul 6 og tandsættene 16 på valsen 9 når ned mellem rundstængerne 13. Afstanden mellem to ved siden af hinanden beliggende rundstænger 13, regnet mellem deres 13 periferier, svarer omtrent til bredden af de ben 25 26, der skal fjernes. Stængerne 13 er kun ophængt ved deres ene ende, medens deres 13 bevægelse opad begrænses af flader mellem tandsættene 16 på valsen 9. Disse flader kan være belagt med nylon.On a rod 12 extending between the side 3 and the opposite side not shown are detectors in the form of round bars 13. On a stretch 14, the straight bars 13 have a straight 20 running parallel to the conveyor belt 8, the tips 15 of the star-shaped wheel 6 and The tooth sets 16 on the roller 9 reach down between the rods 13. The distance between two adjacent rods 13, arranged between their 13 peripheries, corresponds approximately to the width of the legs 25 26 to be removed. The rods 13 are suspended only at one end, while their upward movement is restricted by surfaces between the tooth sets 16 on the roller 9. These surfaces may be coated with nylon.

30 Rundstængerne 13 har ved deres frie ende 17 en krumning 18, hvorunder rullen 19, der har en tyk og blød gummmibe-lægning, bærer båndet 8. Nær rundstængernes frie ende 17 er tandvalsen 11 anbragt således, at dens øverste periferi ligger højere end den lige strækning 14. Valsens 11 fortan-35 ding er savtakket og forløber i hele dens længde.The round bars 13 have at their free end 17 a curvature 18, under which the roll 19, which has a thick and soft rubber coating, carries the belt 8. Near the free end 17 of the round bars, the tooth roll 11 is arranged so that its upper periphery is higher than the straight line 14. The roll 11 of the roller is sawed and extends throughout its length.

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66

Transportbåndet 8 løber over en strammerulle 20 og en vendetromle 21. Vendetromlen 21 er monteret i en vendetromle-station 31, der er lejret tipbart om en akse 22 på stativet 1, således at båndet 8 kan slækkes, når apparatet skal ren-5 gøres. Transportbåndet 8 er på sit vandrette stykke understøttet af en plan plade 30.The conveyor belt 8 runs over a tensioner roller 20 and a reversing drum 21. The reversing drum 21 is mounted in a reversing drum station 31, which is tipped tiltably about an axis 22 of the rack 1, so that the belt 8 can be slackened when the apparatus is to be cleaned. The conveyor belt 8 is supported on its horizontal piece by a flat plate 30.

Alle ruller og valser i maskinen har samme periferihastighed.All rollers and rollers in the machine have the same peripheral speed.

1010

Apparatet kan forsynes med en aksel 23 med skiftevis runde knive 24 og cylindriske nedholdere 25, hvor nedholdernes 25 diameter er større end knivenes 24. Akslen 23, der kan være drevet eller frit roterende, er placeret først på apparatet 15 for skæring af hinderne over benene 26 i f.eks. en flæskeside 27 eller i et andet stykke kød med ribben 26.The apparatus may be provided with a shaft 23 with alternating round knives 24 and cylindrical holders 25, the diameter of the holders 25 being greater than the blades 24. The shaft 23, which may be driven or freely rotating, is first placed on the apparatus 15 for cutting the obstacles over the legs. 26 in e.g. a pork side 27 or in another piece of meat with ribs 26.

I en anden udførelsesform er rullen 19 i stedet for at have en blød overflade eftergivelig ophængt, således at den 19 20 kan kompensere for forskellig tykkelse af de kødstykker 27, der skal passere gennem apparatet.In another embodiment, instead of having a soft surface, the roll 19 is resiliently suspended so that it 19 can compensate for different thicknesses of the pieces of meat 27 to pass through the apparatus.

Når et kødstykke 27 skal udbenes, lægges det med bensiden 28 opad på transportbåndet 8, således at benstykkerne 26 i 25 kødet er rettet i transportretningen 29. Herefter fører båndet 8 flæskesiden 27 ind under stjernehjulet 6 og rundstængerne 13, hvor hinderne ovenpå benstykkerne 26 masseres af stjernehjulets 6 spidser 15 og spændes ud af rundstængerne 13. Ved denne proces blottes noget af enderne på ben-30 stykkerne 26 sådan, at tandrækkerne 16 på akslen 9 kan tage fat i dem og løsne ved dem. Under processen føres kødstykket 27 nedad af rundstængernes 13 krumning 18, samtidig med at benenes 26 ender rammer tænderne på den roterende tandvalse 11, hvorved benene 26 brækkes opad og fri af kødet 35 27. Tandvalsen 11 vil derefter klemme benene 26 mod gummi rullen 10, og omtrent alle benene i flæskesiden 27 vil her-When a meat piece 27 is to be boned, it is laid face-up 28 on the conveyor belt 8 so that the bone pieces 26 in the meat are directed in the direction of transport 29. Then the belt 8 leads the pork side 27 under the star wheel 6 and the round bars 13, where the obstacles on the leg pieces 26 are massaged. of the spikes 15 of the star wheel 6 and tensioned out of the round bars 13. In this process, some of the ends of the leg 30 pieces 26 are exposed so that the tooth rows 16 of the shaft 9 can grasp and release them. During the process, the meat piece 27 is guided downward by the curvature 18 of the round bars 13, while the ends of the legs 26 strike the teeth of the rotary tooth roller 11, thereby breaking the legs 26 upwards and free of the meat 35 27. The tooth roll 11 will then clamp the legs 26 against the rubber roller 10. and just about all the bones in the pork side 27 will-

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7 ved blive trukket ud.7 by being pulled out.

Hvis apparatet forsynes med en aksel 23 med runde knive 24, som omtalt ovenfor, vil nedholderne 25 presse kødet ned og 5 samtidig stramme hinderne ovenpå benene 26, samtidig med at knivene 24 nærmest trykkes igennem hinderne. Da knivenes 24 diameter er mindre end nedholdernes 25, vil kødets 27 øvrige overflade ikke blive beskadiget af knivene 24.If the apparatus is provided with a shaft 23 with circular knives 24, as discussed above, the holders 25 will depress the meat and 5 simultaneously tighten the barriers on the legs 26, while the knives 24 are almost pushed through the barriers. Since the diameter of the knives 24 is smaller than the holders 25, the other surface of the meat 27 will not be damaged by the knives 24.

10 Rullen 19 kan i en anden udføreisesform i stedet for en ef-tergivelig overflade udføres med eftergiveligt ophængte lejer, der på samme måde kan kompensere for forskellig tykkelse på de kødstykker 27, der skal udbenes.In another embodiment, the roll 19 may be replaced by a resilient suspended bearing, which in the same way can compensate for different thicknesses of the pieces of meat 27 to be boned.

15 I en ikke vist udførelsesform for opfindelsen er drivtromlen 7 og vendetromlen 21 fjernet, og båndet 8 ligger kun rundt om rullerne 30, der drevet med kædetræk. Rullen 19 under krumningen 18 er således ikke omfattet af båndet 8, men er drevet af et separat træk. I denne udførelsesform er 20 rullen 19 af et hårdt materiale og besat med forholdsvis små tænder, så rullen 19 er med til at drive kødstykket frem.In an embodiment of the invention not shown, the drive drum 7 and the turning drum 21 are removed and the belt 8 is only around the rollers 30 driven by chain pull. Thus, the roll 19 under the curvature 18 is not covered by the belt 8, but is driven by a separate pull. In this embodiment, the roll 19 is made of a hard material and has relatively small teeth, so that the roll 19 helps propel the meat piece.

Claims

Apparatus for use in the boning of pieces of meat (27) with legs 5 (26) sitting substantially parallel to one another and immediately below one surface (28) of the meat piece (27), called the bone side (28), where a meat piece (27) may be advanced in the apparatus comprising a bone-faced roller (9) arranged opposite the leg side to act on the legs (26), characterized in that the apparatus comprises transport means (7,8,19,21) for guiding the piece of meat (27) through a first area of the apparatus where rejection means (6,13,14,15) are arranged to press or displace meat away from the leg side, some rejection means (13) being arranged in a second region behind the first region, seen in the feeding direction, passing the piece of meat (27) in a path which is deflected in a direction away from the leg side (28), near the place (18) where the direction change takes place, in addition to the toothed roller (9), two additional rollers or rollers (10, 11) positioned relative to each other such that all three (9, 10,11) can cooperate in loosening the legs (26), and that at least the two (10,11) can, by squeezing, cooperate in gripping and pulling several legs (26) at a time out of the meat piece.

Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the apparatus has a relatively smooth surface conveyor (8) for feeding the meat pieces (27).

Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the rejection means consist of elongated, parallel arranged detectors (13, 14) in the form of shackles, fingers or the like arranged in the first region together with several substantially star-shaped wheels (6). ) with resilient tips (15) projecting down between the deflectors (14) and disposed on a common shaft, the deflectors (14) in the region of the star-shaped wheels (6.15) having a straight course, and further, in DK 159899 B 9 the second region has a curvature (18).

Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that of the two cooperating rollers or rollers (10, 11), one of the 5 (11) is provided along its circumference with sawed teeth extending the entire length of the roll (11), which is rolled. (11) the upper periphery is higher than the straight section of the rejectors.

Apparatus according to claims 3 to 4, characterized in that a roller or roller (19) having a resilient surface is arranged at the place (18) where the deflectors (13, 14) have a curvature.

Apparatus according to claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the apparatus before the star-shaped wheels (15), seen in the direction of advance (29), has a shaft (23) provided with alternately round blades (24) and substantially cylindrical rings. (25), the rings (25) having a larger diameter than the blades (24). 20