DK157000B

DK157000B - PROCEDURE FOR PREPARING A ILLUSTRATED LINING, NAME FOR HEATING OVEN

Info

Publication number: DK157000B
Application number: DK378481A
Authority: DK
Inventors: Hans-Dieter Hofmann; Hans Josten; Erich Struzik
Original assignee: Plibrico Co Gmbh
Priority date: 1980-09-09
Filing date: 1981-08-26
Publication date: 1989-10-30
Also published as: BE890273A; SE454692B; FR2489811A1; DK378481A; AT391021B; DE3033826A1; SE8105208L; GB2083897A; NL8103706A; CA1186138A; GB2083897B; DK157000C; ATA336781A

Description

DK 157000 BDK 157000 B

Opfindelsen angâr en fremgangsmâde ved fremstil-ling af en et- eller flerlags ildfast foring til loft og/eller vægge i varmeovne, eksempelvis stodovne, svingbjælkeovne og grubeovne, eller digler til métal, 5 sâsom aluminiumssmelteovne, râjerns- eller stâlstobe-skeer, hvilken foring skal modstâ de for disse ovne og digler karakteristiske hoje procestemperaturer.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The invention relates to a method of producing a single or multi-layer refractory lining for ceilings and / or walls in heating furnaces, for example stoves, swing beam ovens and pit furnaces, or crucibles for metal, such as aluminum melting furnaces, iron or steel stoves. must withstand the high process temperatures of these furnaces and crucibles.

Ildfaste foringer af den art fremstilles for-skelligt. De pâfores enten direkte pâ ovnvæggen eller 10 pâ et mellemlag eller pà et isolerende lag. I det for-ste tilfælde drejer det sig om en enkeltlags foring; i de andre tilfælde bestâr foringen af flere lag. Alt ef-ter beskaffenhed eller art kan den ildfaste masse sprojtes eller stampes pâ.Refractory linings of this kind are manufactured differently. They are either applied directly to the furnace wall or to an intermediate layer or to an insulating layer. In the first case, it is a single-layer lining; in the other cases, the lining consists of several layers. Depending on the nature or nature, the refractory mass can be sprayed or stamped on.

15 Der sprojtes for eksempel i forbindelse med ce- mentinjektionsmetoden, hvor der anvendes en vandafbin-dende béton eller en vandhærdende masse, som forst blandes med de nodvendige vandmængder ved dysemundin-gen. Plastiske byggemasser har ikke tidligere kunnet 20 sprojtes. Disse byggemasser leveres som en færdigmasse i klumpform til stedet, hvor de bruges, pâfores i samme form bag en tilhorende forskalling og komprimeres lag-vis med en stampehammer.15 For example, spraying is used in connection with the cement injection method, using a water-binding concrete or a water-curing mass, which is first mixed with the necessary water volumes at the nozzle estuary. Plastic building materials have not previously been able to spray 20. These building materials are delivered as a finished mass in lump form to the place where they are used, applied in the same form behind an associated formwork and compacted layer-wise with a hammer.

Denne bearbejdningsmetode har bâde ulemper i 25 teknisk og okonomisk henseende. I et tilfælde, afhæn-gig af lagtykkelsen af klumperne, aftager komprime-ringsgraden kontinuerligt i stamperetningen, medens der i et andet tilfælde, som folge af den lagvise lægning og tilsluttende stampning af klumperne, optræder lag-30 dannelser pâ tværs af stamperetningen samt en util-strækkelig indbyrdes sammenbinding mellem de enkelte klumper.This machining method has both disadvantages in technical and economical terms. In one case, depending on the layer thickness of the lumps, the degree of compression decreases continuously in the stump direction, while in another case, as a result of the layered laying and subsequent stamping of the lumps, layer formation occurs across the stump direction as well as a insufficient interconnection between the individual lumps.

Den inhomogene komprimering og de revner, som opstâr efter kortvarig brug, er angrebspunkter for gas-35 formige og flydende stoffer, som ikke alene stærkt for-ringer den ildfaste forings standtid, men ogsâ fremkal-The inhomogeneous compaction and the cracks that occur after short-term use are points of attack for gaseous and liquid substances which not only greatly degrade the durability of the refractory lining, but also induce

DK 157000 BDK 157000 B

2 der skader pâ huset bag foringen. Ydermere kan det ved denne bearbejdningsmetode ikke altid undgâs, at tidli-gere indsatte keramiske ankre beskadiges af den pneu-matisk eller mekanisk arbejdende stampehammer, sa at 5 f0lgen er beskadigelse af storre loft- og vægpartier.2 that damage the housing behind the casing. Furthermore, in this method of machining, it is not always possible to avoid that previously inserted ceramic anchors are damaged by the pneumatic or mechanical working hammer, so that the result is damage to larger ceiling and wall sections.

Til disse tekniske ulemper koiraner de betydelige omkost-ninger for montagearbejde, for kostbare forskallinger og udbringningstiden.For these technical disadvantages, the considerable costs for assembly work, for costly formwork and the delivery time are covered.

Det er hensigten med opfindelsen at undgâ foran-10 nævnte ulemper og sâledes forhoje den ildfaste forings standtid samt at tilvejebringe en prisbillig og simpel montage.It is an object of the invention to avoid the aforementioned disadvantages and thus to increase the durability of the refractory lining and to provide an inexpensive and simple assembly.

Dette opnâs ifolge opfindelsen ved en fremgangs-mâde, der er ejendommelig ved det i krav l's kende-15 tegnende del angivne.This is achieved according to the invention by a method which is peculiar to the characterizing part of claim 1.

Ifolge opfindelsen bliver der i stedet for stam-pehamre anvendt trykluft, der har en dobbeltfunktion, nemlig ved transporten af den bearbejdningsfærdige byg-gemasse og ved pâforingen af homogen og lagfri, kompri-20 meret byggemasse pâ pâforingsfladerne til krævet pâfo-ringstykkelse.According to the invention, compressed air is used instead of trunk hammer, which has a dual function, namely in the transport of the machinable building material and in the application of homogeneous and layer-free, compressed building material on the casing surfaces for required application thickness.

For at en plastisk byggemasse kan sprojtes, mâ luftmængde, arbejds- og kompressionstryk samt materia-lekonsistens og lysning i dertil anvendte transport-25 slanger stâ i et indbyrdes afstemt forhold. Er aile krav opfyldt, sa er en optimal bearbejdning af en sâdan byggemasse mulig.In order for a plastic building block to be sprayed, the amount of air, working and compression pressure, as well as material consistency and illumination in transport tubes used for this, must be in a mutually compatible relationship. If all requirements are met, an optimal machining of such a building material is possible.

En yderligere fordel ved fremgangsmâden ifolge opfindelsen ligger i det faktum, at de for sprojtepro-30 cessen indbyggede og faste keramiske forankringssten ikke udsættes for beskadigelse og mekanisk overlast ved manuelt forte stampehamre, og derfor beholder deres funktion som holdeorganer.A further advantage of the method according to the invention lies in the fact that the fixed and fixed ceramic anchoring stones built into the spraying process are not subjected to damage and mechanical overload by manually held stamping hammers and therefore retain their function as holding means.

I okonomisk henseende medforer fremgangsmâden 35 ifolge opfindelsen en montagetids-besparelse, som be-lober sig til mere end halvdelen af kendte pâforings-In economical terms, the method 35 of the invention entails a saving time saving which amounts to more than half of known application rates.

DK 157000 BDK 157000 B

3 metoder samt en besparelse af dyre forskallinger.3 methods and a saving of expensive formwork.

Eksempel 5 Den pneumatiske pâforing med plastisk byggemasse foretages med en i og for sig kendt rotormaskine, hvor den plastiske byggemasse anvendes i granulatform. Som transport- og komprimeringsluft anvendes, afhængig af transportydelsen, fra 4,0 til 18,0 Nm3 trykluft pr. mi-1 o nut fra en kompressor med et kompressionstryk pâ mindst 6.0 bar. Porholdet byggemasse til luft er fra 1:2 til 1:4. Rotormaskinens transportydelse eller nominelle ydelse ligger mellem 2,0 og 6,0 m3 pr. time. Afhængig af konsistensen af den plastiske byggemasse kan der fo- 15 rekomme en reduceret nominel ydelse, som udgor 2,3 til 7.0 ton pr. time.Example 5 The pneumatic casing with plastic building stock is made with a rotor machine known per se, where the plastic building stock is used in granular form. Depending on the transport capacity, transport and compression air is used from 4.0 to 18.0 Nm3 of compressed air per day. mi-1 o nut from a compressor with a compression pressure of at least 6.0 bar. The pore holding building mass for air is from 1: 2 to 1: 4. The rotating machine or nominal output of the rotor machine is between 2.0 and 6.0 m3 per hour. Depending on the consistency of the plastic building stock, there may be a reduced nominal output, which amounts to 2.3 to 7.0 tonnes per year. hour.

Alt efter ydelsestrin anvendes transportslanger med lysningsdiameter fra 32 til 50 mm. Trykluftforbru-get ligger ait efter transportmængde og slangestorrelse 20 mellem 4,0 og 18,0 Nm3 pr. minut, hvoraf folgende data fâs :Depending on the performance stage, transport hoses with illumination diameters of 32 to 50 mm are used. Compressed air consumption, depending on the amount of transport and hose size 20, is between 4.0 and 18.0 Nm3 per unit. The following data is obtained:

Nominel ydelse m3/time 2 3 4 3 4,5 6Rated output m3 / hour 2 3 4 3 4.5 6

Luftmængde Nm3/min 6 10 10 10 10 16 25 Indvendig slangedia- meter i mm 32 50 50 50 50 50Air flow rate Nm3 / min 6 10 10 10 10 16 25 Internal tube diameter in mm 32 50 50 50 50 50

De slangediametre, der fâs fra tabellen, svaren-de til de enkelte ydelser, refererer til rotormaskinens 30 nominelle ydelse, og opnâs kun med en letrislende byggemasse.The hose diameters obtained from the table correspond to the individual services, refer to the nominal performance of the rotor machine 30, and are obtained only with a slightly rippling building mass.

Trykluft med tryk pâ 6,0 bar findes omtrent pâ enhver byggeplads i tilstrækkeligt mâl. Med fordel pâ-f0res den plastiske byggemasse med en rotormaskine, der 35 har en nominel ydelse pâ 4,5 m3/time, med en luftmængde pâ ca. il m3/minut ved 2,5 bar for enden af slangen ogCompressed air with a pressure of 6.0 bar can be found in almost any building site in sufficient size. Advantageously, the plastic building mass is applied with a rotor machine having a nominal output of 4.5 m3 / hour, with an air flow of approx. in m3 / minute at 2.5 bar at the end of the hose and

Claims

1. A method of producing a multi-layer refractory lining for ceilings and / or walls in heaters, for example stoves and pit furnaces, or crucibles for metal, such as aluminum smelting furnaces, iron or steel stoves, which lining should withstand these 10 furnaces and crucibles characteristically high process temperatures, characterized in that as a material for the refractory layer of the furnace or crucible in the refractory lining, a chemical-ceramic curing plastic mass with a content of 25-94 wt% is chosen

15 Al203, and that the mass is applied to the roof and / or the walls as granules by air with a working pressure of 2.0-4.0 bar and an amount of 4-18 Nm3 / min at a mass-to-air ratio of 1: 2-1: 4 into an inherently non-layered layer, thereby homogeneously compressed.

2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the plastic mass is pneumatically applied to a large flat, monolithic and non-layered layer itself.

3. A method according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the surface of the pneumatically machined plastic mass after finishing the application is roughened.

Method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the mass is pneumatically applied to the roof and / or walls in separate fields.