DK155197B - DEVICE FOR CONTINUOUS MEASUREMENT OF PRESSURE IN A DRILL - Google Patents
DEVICE FOR CONTINUOUS MEASUREMENT OF PRESSURE IN A DRILL Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DK155197B DK155197B DK195875AA DK195875A DK155197B DK 155197 B DK155197 B DK 155197B DK 195875A A DK195875A A DK 195875AA DK 195875 A DK195875 A DK 195875A DK 155197 B DK155197 B DK 155197B
- Authority
- DK
- Denmark
- Prior art keywords
- pressure
- tube
- borehole
- chamber
- fluid
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L11/00—Measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by means not provided for in group G01L7/00 or G01L9/00
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
- Drilling Tools (AREA)
- Coating Apparatus (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Description
DK 155197 BDK 155197 B
Opfindelsen angår et apparat til kontinuerlig måling af tryk ved og til angivelse på overfladen af sådanne borehulstryk, hvilket apparat omfatter et rør, som strækker sig fra overfladen ned i borehullet, idet røret er åbent i sin nedre ende for 5 fluida i borehullet, samt midler ved overfladen for opretholdelse af tryk i røret.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention This invention relates to an apparatus for continuously measuring pressure at and for indicating on the surface of such borehole pressures, comprising at the surface for maintaining pressure in the tube.
Fluidumtrykkene i borehuller er specielt vigtige ved produktion af olie og gas. Ved sekundære udvindingsoperationer kræ-10 ves f.eks. informationer om trykkene med henblik på at bestemme flere faktorer, som er nødvendige for operationens heldige gennemførelse.The fluid pressures in boreholes are especially important in oil and gas production. For secondary extraction operations, e.g. information on the pressures in order to determine several factors necessary for the successful completion of the operation.
Før de sekundære udvindingsoperationer sættes igang, giver bo-15 rehu1strykket en indikation om brøndproduktionspotentialet og om den mængde fluidum, som vil være nødvendig til at opfylde rummet i formationen før olie og gas vil blive tvunget ud. Under operationerne vil måling af trykforandringer i et antal borehuller i en formation indikere lokaliseringen af ind-20 sprøjtningsvæskestrømsfronten, såvel som med hvilken effektivitet strømningsfronten bevæger sig gennem formationen.Before starting the secondary extraction operations, the well pressure gives an indication of the well production potential and of the amount of fluid that will be needed to fill the space in the formation before oil and gas will be forced out. During operations, measurement of pressure changes in a number of boreholes in a formation will indicate the location of the injection fluid flow front, as well as with which efficiency the flow front moves through the formation.
Foruden til sekundære genvindingsoperationer er borehulstryk vigtige i forbindelse med andre sider af olie- og gasproduk-25 tionen. For eksempel kan trykmålinger anvendes til at angive borehulsbeskadigelser eller et stort antal andre problemer ved produktionsbrønde.In addition to secondary recovery operations, borehole pressures are important in connection with other aspects of oil and gas production. For example, pressure readings can be used to indicate borehole damage or a large number of other wells problems.
Fra US patentskrift 2.832.566 kendes et apparat af den indled-30 ningsvis nævnte art, hvor der gennem røret, som strækker sig ned i borehullet sendes en strøm af luft ved et tryk, som registreres ved overfladen, og som netop er tilstrækkeligt til at opretholde luftstrømmen mod det tryk, der hersker i borehullet ved rørets nedre ende. Det er en ulempe ved apparatet, 35 at det kræver fortsat tilførsel af trykluft under brugen og ligeledes en ulempe, at det ikke er i stand til med stor nøjagtighed at registrere hurtige trykændringer i borehullet.From US Patent 2,832,566 there is known an apparatus of the kind mentioned in the preamble, where through the pipe extending down the borehole a stream of air is sent at a pressure which is recorded at the surface and which is just sufficient to maintaining the air flow against the pressure prevailing in the borehole at the lower end of the pipe. It is a disadvantage of the apparatus that it requires continued supply of compressed air during use and also a disadvantage that it is unable to detect rapid pressure changes in the borehole with great accuracy.
DK 155197 BDK 155197 B
22
Formålet med opfindelsen er at afhjælpe disse ulemper, og dette gøres ved at indrette det indledningsvis nævnte apparat således, at røret er fastgjort til et brøndrør, som strækker sig fra overfladen ned i borehullet, og at det endvidere omfatter 5 et kammer, hvis volumen står i et forhold til volumenet af røret, som stort set er lig med forholdet mellem forskellen mellem det største og det mindste forventede tryk i borehullet og det mindste forventede tryk, og hvor kammeret ved sin øvre ende er forbundet med røret og ved sin nedre ende har åbninger, 10 som munder ud i borehullets miljø.The object of the invention is to remedy these disadvantages, and this is done by arranging the apparatus mentioned above so that the pipe is attached to a well pipe extending from the surface into the borehole and further comprising a chamber whose volume is in a ratio of the volume of the tube which is substantially equal to the ratio of the difference between the largest and the smallest expected borehole pressure and the least expected pressure, and wherein the chamber at its upper end is connected to the tube and at its lower end has openings, 10 which open into the borehole environment.
Opfindelsen forklares i det følgende nærmere under henvisning til tegningen, hvor 15 fig. i viser et borehul med et måleapparat ifølge opfindelsen, set fra siden delvis i snit, fig. 2 en del af apparatet i større målestok, 20 fig. 3 en del af et apparat for en ændret udførelsesform, set fra siden i snit, og fig. 4 en grafisk fremstilling af trykvariationen i apparatet som funktion af tiden.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which 1 is a side elevational view of a borehole with a measuring apparatus according to the invention; FIG. 2 is an enlarged part of the apparatus; FIG. 3 is a sectional side view of an apparatus for a modified embodiment; and FIG. 4 is a graphical representation of the pressure variation in the apparatus as a function of time.
25 På fig. 1 ses et borehul, som strækker sig ned i undergrundsformationen. Produktionsudstyr til at føre væske fra formationen er vist skematisk og indbefatter et hus 11, som er anbragt i borehullet, og som ved sin nedre ende har huller 13, 30 der muliggør indtræden af væske. Et rør 15 strækker sig fra overfladen ned igennem borehullet til den nedre ende af dette. Røret er forsynet med afstandsorganer 17, der tjener til at holde røret centreret i borehullet. Et prøvekammer 19 er fastgjort til den nedre ende af røret og indeholder et trykprøve-35 rør 27, som er vist anbragt i huset. Et rør 29 med en lille diameter strækker sig fra prøverøret 27 langs ydersiden af røret 15 op til overfladen, hvor det forlader huset 11 gennem en nippe! 31. Et trykreservoir 33, der kan være en beholder25 In FIG. Figure 1 shows a borehole extending into the subsurface formation. Production equipment for conducting liquid from the formation is shown schematically and includes a housing 11 which is disposed in the borehole and which at its lower end has holes 13, 30 which allow the entry of liquid. A pipe 15 extends from the surface down through the borehole to the lower end thereof. The tube is provided with spacers 17 which serve to keep the tube centered in the borehole. A sample chamber 19 is attached to the lower end of the tube and contains a pressure test tube 27 shown in the housing. A small diameter tube 29 extends from the sample tube 27 along the outside of the tube 15 to the surface where it leaves the housing 11 through a siphon! 31. A pressure reservoir 33 which may be a container
DK 155197 BDK 155197 B
3 med trykgas, er forbundet med røret 29. Endvidere findes der en trykmåler 35. En måler 36 tjener til at måle trykforandringen, når tryk leveres til systemet. Trykforandringen kan bestemmes ved enhver art apparat, som måler tryk som en funktion 5 af tiden. Når tryk og tid således sættes op i en kurve i tidssekvens, vil dette tjene til at bestemme hastigheden af trykændr i ngen.3 with pressure gas is connected to the pipe 29. Further, there is a pressure gauge 35. A gauge 36 serves to measure the change in pressure when pressure is delivered to the system. The pressure change can be determined by any kind of apparatus that measures pressure as a function 5 of the time. Thus, when pressure and time are set up in a curve in time sequence, this will serve to determine the rate of change in pressure.
Prøverøret 27 er vist i større målestok i fig. 2. Det er en 10 lukket beholder med et kammer 20, der har to porte 44, gennem hvilke væske kan kommunikere med det ydre. Ved den øvre ende er røret 29 tilsluttet prøverøret. Et filter 42, der kan være fremstillet af porøst metalmateriale, forhindrer forureninger i at komme fra kammeret 20 i prøverøret 27 og ind i røret 29.The test tube 27 is shown on a larger scale in FIG. 2. It is a closed container with a chamber 20 having two ports 44 through which fluid can communicate with the exterior. At the upper end, the tube 29 is connected to the test tube. A filter 42, which may be made of porous metal material, prevents contaminants from entering from chamber 20 in sample tube 27 and into tube 29.
15 Ved bunden af prøverøret tillader portene 44, at borehulsvæske kan trænge ind i og ud af kammeret 20.At the bottom of the test tube, the ports 44 allow borehole fluid to enter and exit the chamber 20.
En alternativ udførelsesform er vist i fig. 3. Her omslutter en cylindrisk kappe 50 koncentrisk røret 115 og er forbundet med 20 dette foroven og forneden, således at der er dannet et lukket kammer 52 med ringformet tværsnit imellem kappen 50 og røret 115. Kammeret 52 er forbundet med røret 29 via et porøst filter 54. Borehulsvæske står i forbindelse med kammeret 52 gennem porte 56 i bunden af prøverøret.An alternative embodiment is shown in FIG. 3. Here, a cylindrical sheath 50 concentrically encloses the tube 115 and is connected thereto at the top and bottom so that a closed chamber 52 of annular cross-section is formed between the sheath 50 and the tube 115. The chamber 52 is connected to the tube 29 via a porous tube. filter 54. Borehole fluid communicates with chamber 52 through ports 56 at the bottom of the test tube.
2525
Volumenet af kammeret 20 i prøverøret 27 skal generelt være væsentligt større end volumenet af røret 29, der forbinder prøverøret med overfladeudstyret. Den større størrelse medvirker til at nedsætte lodret væskebevægelse i kammeret 20 hidrø-30 rende fra trykændringer. Hvis der kun blev anvendt et lille prøverør, ville selv en meget lille stigning af trykket i borehullet forårsage, at væsken ville stige en væsentlig højde gennem røret 27 henimod overfladen. Større trykstigninger ville forårsage, at borehulsvæske blev trykket helt op til over-35 fladeudstyret. I et kammer 20 med stort volumen vil imidlertid en trykændring, selv om den tvinger den samme væskemængde opad, forårsage en væsentlig mindre ændring i væskehøjden i kammeret 20. Det nødvendige kammervolumen kan beregnes på følgende måde:The volume of the chamber 20 in the test tube 27 should generally be substantially greater than the volume of the tube 29 connecting the test tube to the surface equipment. The larger size helps to reduce vertical fluid movement in the chamber 20 resulting from pressure changes. If only a small test tube was used, even a very small increase in the pressure in the borehole would cause the liquid to rise a considerable height through the tube 27 towards the surface. Larger pressure increases would cause borehole fluid to be pushed all the way up to the surface equipment. However, in a large volume chamber 20, a pressure change, although forcing the same amount of fluid upwards, will cause a substantially smaller change in the fluid height in the chamber 20. The required chamber volume can be calculated as follows:
DK 155197 BDK 155197 B
44
Kammervolumen = maksimumtryk x volumen af rør _ volumen af rør minimumtrykChamber volume = maximum pressure x volume of pipe _ volume of pipe minimum pressure
Forholdet mellem volumenet af kammeret 20 og volumenet af rø-5 ret 29 kan udtrykkes ved: maksimumtryk - minimumtrvk minimumtryk 10 Prøvemediet, der leveres af trykkilden, kan være mange forskellige medier, af hvilke kvælstof har vist sig særlig velegnet .The ratio of the volume of the chamber 20 to the volume of the tube 29 can be expressed by: maximum pressure - minimum pressure minimum pressure 10 The sample medium supplied by the pressure source can be many different media of which nitrogen has proved particularly suitable.
Ved brug af apparatet beskrevet i det foregående fyldes røret 15 29 og kammeret 20 med trykprøvevæske fra reservoiret 33. IUsing the apparatus described above, tube 15 29 and chamber 20 are filled with pressure test fluid from reservoir 33.
hvilken grad røret eller kammeret er fyldt, kan bestemmes ved, at man overvåger trykket i måletrykvæsken med trykmåleren 35. Hvis trykket i målevæsken afsættes som funktion af tiden, fremkommer der en kurve som den, der er vist i fig. 4, hvis 20 røret og kammeret fyldes med konstant hastighed. Trykket vil vokse jævnt fra nul langs partiet 100 på kurven i fig. 4, indtil det når et toppunkt 102. Ved dette vil prøvevæskens tryk være blevet tilstrækkeligt stort til at prøvevæsken kan begynde at fortrænge borehulsvæsken fra kammeret 20 i prøverøret 27 25 (se fig. 2). Efter at målevæsken er begyndt at fortrænge borehulsvæsken, vil trykket begynde at falde svarende til kurvepartiet 104. Det volumen af kammeret 20, som er optaget af prøvevæsken, forøges, efterhånden som borehulsvæsken fortrænges. Når borehulsvæsken er fuldstændig fortrængt, vil prøvevæ-30 sken selv begynde at afgå gennem portene 44, og trykket i prøvevæsken vil nu ikke ændre sig yderligere. Dette er vist på kurven med partiet 106. Punktet 108 viser, hvor kammeret 20 er blevet fyldt med prøvevæske. Efter punktet 108 kan trykket reduceres, og systemet lukkes, og derefter kan ændringer i 35 borehulstrykket aflæses direkte på trykmåleren 35.the degree to which the tube or chamber is filled can be determined by monitoring the pressure in the measuring fluid with the pressure gauge 35. If the pressure in the measuring fluid is deposited as a function of time, a curve such as that shown in FIG. 4 if the tube and chamber are filled at a constant speed. The pressure will grow evenly from zero along portion 100 of the curve of FIG. 4, until it reaches an apex 102. By this, the pressure of the sample fluid will have become sufficiently large for the sample fluid to begin displacing the borehole fluid from the chamber 20 in the sample tube 27 25 (see Figure 2). After the measuring fluid has begun to displace the borehole fluid, the pressure will begin to decrease corresponding to the curve portion 104. The volume of the chamber 20 occupied by the sample fluid increases as the borehole fluid is displaced. When the borehole fluid is completely displaced, the sample fluid itself will begin to discharge through the ports 44 and the pressure in the sample fluid will now not change further. This is shown on the curve with portion 106. Point 108 shows where chamber 20 has been filled with sample liquid. After point 108, the pressure can be reduced and the system closed, and then changes in the borehole pressure can be read directly on the pressure gauge 35.
Claims (2)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US46734974A | 1974-05-06 | 1974-05-06 | |
US46734974 | 1974-05-06 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DK195875A DK195875A (en) | 1975-11-07 |
DK155197B true DK155197B (en) | 1989-02-27 |
DK155197C DK155197C (en) | 1989-07-10 |
Family
ID=23855329
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DK195875A DK155197C (en) | 1974-05-06 | 1975-05-05 | DEVICE FOR CONTINUOUS MEASUREMENT OF PRESSURE IN A DRILL |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS50153686A (en) |
BE (1) | BE828750A (en) |
CA (1) | CA1015177A (en) |
DK (1) | DK155197C (en) |
FR (1) | FR2274778A1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1511513A (en) |
NL (1) | NL7505287A (en) |
NO (1) | NO147768C (en) |
SU (1) | SU738523A3 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109162705B (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2023-10-03 | 秦川机床集团宝鸡仪表有限公司 | Hydraulic pressure monitoring system for bottom hole flow pressure of gas well and monitoring method thereof |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2832566A (en) * | 1953-04-10 | 1958-04-29 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Method for maintaining level of drilling fluid |
GB1499100A (en) * | 1973-11-02 | 1978-01-25 | English Electric Co Ltd | Measuring fluid pressure |
-
1974
- 1974-09-26 CA CA210,145A patent/CA1015177A/en not_active Expired
-
1975
- 1975-05-02 JP JP50052650A patent/JPS50153686A/ja active Pending
- 1975-05-05 SU SU752130923A patent/SU738523A3/en active
- 1975-05-05 DK DK195875A patent/DK155197C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-05-06 BE BE156073A patent/BE828750A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-05-06 NL NL7505287A patent/NL7505287A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1975-05-06 NO NO751630A patent/NO147768C/en unknown
- 1975-05-06 FR FR7514087A patent/FR2274778A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1975-05-06 GB GB18956/75A patent/GB1511513A/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2832566A (en) * | 1953-04-10 | 1958-04-29 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Method for maintaining level of drilling fluid |
GB1499100A (en) * | 1973-11-02 | 1978-01-25 | English Electric Co Ltd | Measuring fluid pressure |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS50153686A (en) | 1975-12-10 |
NO147768C (en) | 1983-06-08 |
GB1511513A (en) | 1978-05-17 |
DK195875A (en) | 1975-11-07 |
SU738523A3 (en) | 1980-05-30 |
NO147768B (en) | 1983-02-28 |
NL7505287A (en) | 1975-11-10 |
CA1015177A (en) | 1977-08-09 |
FR2274778A1 (en) | 1976-01-09 |
BE828750A (en) | 1975-11-06 |
NO751630L (en) | 1975-11-07 |
DK155197C (en) | 1989-07-10 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
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PBP | Patent lapsed |