DK153003B

DK153003B - Aggregate for vibration damping of long-lasting structures such as chimneys or transmitters

Info

Publication number: DK153003B
Application number: DK035683A
Authority: DK
Inventors: Christian Petersen
Original assignee: Maurer Friedrich Soehne
Priority date: 1982-04-24
Filing date: 1983-01-31
Publication date: 1988-06-06
Also published as: DE3215428C2; DK153003C; DE3215428A1; DK35683A; DK35683D0

Description

DK 153003 BDK 153003 B

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Opfindelsen vedrører et aggregat til svingningsdæmpning af tårnagtige bygningsværker som skorstene eller sendemaster med et i en med bygningsværket stift forbundet konsolunderstøtning og med mulighed for ud-5 øvelse af rumlige svingninger ophængt pendul, hvis nederste ende griber løst ind i et opad åbent hulrum i en friktionsvægt, der med mulighed for bevægelse i alle retninger hviler på en friktionsplade, og som består af flere ovenpå hverandre stablede plader.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention This invention relates to an oscillation damping assembly of tower-like structures such as chimneys or transmitters with a bracket connected to the structure and with the possibility of exercising spatial oscillations suspended pendulum whose lower end engages loosely in an upwardly open cavity in a friction wall. , which with the possibility of movement in all directions rests on a friction plate, and which consists of several stacked plates on top of each other.

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Et sådant aggregat til svingningsdæmpning er beskrevet i det tyske fremlæggelsesskrift nr. 26 16 899.Such a vibration damping assembly is described in German Patent Specification No. 26 16 899.

Det har ved det her omtalte aggregat vist sig, at friktionsvægten, som for tilpasning til de ønskede 15 dæmpningsegenskaber er sat sammen af flere med hverandre forbundne plader, ved små svingninger i bygningsværket ikke mere kan bevæges af pendulmassens i-nertikræfter, det vil sige, der kan ikke mere opnås en dæmpningsvirkning, hvoraf følger, at bygnings-20 svingnerne forløber udæmpede. Først fra en vis mind-steudsvingning i bygværket er det muligt for pendulet at sætte friktionsvægten i bevægelse, det vil sige, at pendulmassens inertikræfter netop er tilstrækkelige til, at friktionskræfterne mellem friktionsvægten 25 og friktionspladen overvindes. Ovennævnte blokering af den med pendulmassen sammenkoblede dæmpningsindretning kan altså først overvindes fra og med en bestemt svingningsamplitude i bygningsværket. Dette fænomen optræder specielt ved sådanne bygningsværker, 30 som på grund af deres stivhed kun udfører små svingningsbevægelser, men hvori der på den anden side, når der optræder små svingningsamplituder, optræder store belastninger.It has been found by the assembly referred to here that the frictional weight, which, for adaptation to the desired damping properties, is composed of several interconnected plates, can no longer be moved by the inertia of the pendulum mass, that is, no attenuation effect can be obtained, as a result of which the building oscillators extend attenuated. First, from a slight oscillation in the structure, it is possible for the pendulum to move the friction weight, that is, the inertial forces of the pendulum mass are sufficiently sufficient to overcome the frictional forces between the friction weight 25 and the friction plate. Thus, the above-mentioned blocking of the damping device coupled with the pendulum mass can only be overcome from a certain oscillation amplitude in the structure. This phenomenon occurs especially in such structures, which due to their stiffness only perform small oscillatory motions, but where, on the other hand, when small oscillation amplitudes occur, large loads occur.

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Det er formålet med denne opfindelse at frembringe et aggregat til svingningsdæmpning af den i indledningen nævnte art, men som allerede ved de mindste bevægelser i bygningsværket begynder at fungere, i den hen-5 seende altså reagerer noget lignende som hydrauliske svingningsdæmpere.It is the object of this invention to provide an oscillation damping assembly of the kind mentioned in the preamble, but which already begins to function at the slightest movements in the structure, thus responding in a similar manner to hydraulic oscillation dampers.

Dette formål opnås ifølge nærværende opfindelse ved, at de plader, der udgør friktionsvægten, uden indbyr-10 * des forbindelse hviler på hverandre og er udformede med fra plade til plade i det mindste delvis hverandre overlappende huller, der tilsammen danner hulrummet, hvis tværmål vokser nedad fra øverste plade til nederste plade. Den nedre pendulende, som i pendulets 15 længderetning er udformet med et i hovedsagen ens tværsnit, er ført gennem samtlige huller, det vil sige, at alle pladerne fra den øverste til den nederste kan bevæges af pendulet. Fordi hullet i hver plade er større end hullet i den umiddelbart overliggende pla-20 de opnår man, at aggregatet ved tiltagende svingningsamplitude i pendulbevægelsen først bevæger kun den øverste plade, så den næstøverste plade, derefter den tredieøverste og så videre, indtil også den nederste plade bevæges, såfremt svingningsamplituden er 25 tilstrækkelig stor. Med disse indbyrdes forskydelige plader kan friktionsvægten opdeles i små vægtelementer således, at pendulmassens inertikræfter allerede ved meget små svingningsamplituder i bygningsværket er tilstrækkeligt store til at bevæge den øverste og 30 eventuelt en eller flere efterfølgende plader i friktionsvægten i forhold til underliggende friktionsplader. Det mod friktionskræfterne ydede arbejde svarer til den opnåede dæmpning af bygningssvingningen. En blokering af dæmpningsaggregatet, der som ovenfor an- ført kendes fra penduldæmpningsaggregater ifølge tid ligere kendt teknik kan i praksis helt undgås med ag gregatet ifølge opfindelsen.This object is achieved according to the present invention in that the frictional-weight plates rest on each other without interconnection and are formed with plate-to-plate at least partially overlapping holes, which together form the cavity whose cross-dimensions grow downwards from top plate to bottom plate. The lower pendulum, which is formed in the longitudinal direction of the pendulum 15 by a substantially equal cross-section, is passed through all holes, that is, all the plates from the top to the bottom can be moved by the pendulum. Because the hole in each plate is larger than the hole in the immediately adjacent plate, it is obtained that, with increasing oscillation amplitude in the pendulum movement, only the upper plate moves, then the second upper plate, then the third upper and so on, even to the lower one. plate is moved if the oscillation amplitude is sufficiently large. With these slidable plates, the frictional weight can be divided into small weight elements such that the inertial forces of the pendulum mass already at very small oscillation amplitudes in the structure are sufficiently large to move the upper and possibly one or more subsequent plates in the friction weight with respect to underlying friction plates. The work done against the frictional forces corresponds to the obtained damping of the building oscillation. In practice, blocking of the damping assembly known from the prior art pendulum damping assemblies can be completely avoided in practice with the assembly of the invention.

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3 5 I en fordelagtig udførelsesform af opfindelsen har friktionsvægtens øverste plade et tværsnit, som kun er ganske lidt større end tværsnittet i pendulenden, der strækker sig ind gennem hullet. Herved opnår man, at svingninger i bygningsværket med blot meget lille 10 svingningsamplitude dæmpes. Udformes hullerne i pladerne med cirkulært tværsnit, opnår man en enkel og billig fremstilling. Gøres pladerne cirkulære, og placeres deres huller centralt i hver plade, kan man opnå ensartet svingningsdæmpning for svingninger i 15 alle lodrette planer uafhængigt af svingningsplanets orientering. Gøres hver plade i friktionsvægten større end den umiddelbart overliggende plade, kan man på enkel måde sikre, at friktionen mellem de to plader, når den øvre plade bevæges i forhold til den nedre, 20 er konstante.In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the upper plate of the friction weight has a cross-section which is only slightly larger than the cross-section of the pendulum end extending through the hole. In this way, vibrations in the building with a very small 10 oscillation amplitude are attenuated. If the holes are formed in the circular cross-sectional plates, a simple and inexpensive manufacture is obtained. If the plates are circular and their holes are centrally located in each plate, uniform oscillation damping can be obtained for oscillations in all vertical planes regardless of the oscillation plane orientation. If each plate in the friction weight is larger than the immediately adjacent plate, it can be easily ensured that the friction between the two plates as the upper plate is moved relative to the lower 20 is constant.

Af hensyn til pendulbevægelsens geometri og ønsket om at opretholde uændret anlægskontakt mellem pendulenden og den nederste plade er det fordelagtigt, så-25 fremt friktionspladen er udformet som en friktions-skål med form som en kugleskal.Due to the geometry of the pendulum movement and the desire to maintain unchanged abutment contact between the pendulum end and the lower plate, it is advantageous if the friction plate is designed as a friction bowl shaped like a ball shell.

Det har vist sig, at nøjagtigheden i aggregatets geometriske former fordelagtigt kan sikres, såfremt 30 friktionsvægtens nederste plade glider på fremspring.It has been found that accuracy in the geometric shapes of the assembly can be advantageously ensured if the bottom plate of the friction weight slides on projections.

Med en sådan udformning kan den nederste plade tildannes med skarpe kanter, uden at disse kan gribe fast i friktionspladen, hvilket i modsat fald kunne medføre en ukontrolleret pendulbevægelse.With such a design, the lower plate can be formed with sharp edges without being able to engage the friction plate, which could otherwise result in an uncontrolled pendulum movement.

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I det følgende illustreres et udformningseksempel af opfindelsen i forbindelse med tegningen, hvori: 5 Fig. 1 viser et lodret snit gennem det hus, der omgiver dæmpningsaggregatet,The following is illustrated an embodiment of the invention in connection with the drawing, in which: 1 is a vertical section through the housing surrounding the damping assembly,

Fig. 2 viser huset ifølge fig 1, set ovenfra, og 10 Fig. 3 viser friktionsvægten i større målestok.FIG. 2 is a plan view of the housing of FIG. 1; and FIG. 3 shows the friction weight on a larger scale.

Ifølge figur 1 og 2 er et pendul 1 anbragt inde i et lukket hus 2. Huset 2 har cylinderform, og det er op-adtil lukket med et dæksel 3 og nedadtil lukket med 15 en form som en udadhvælvet, kugleformet bund. Indersiden af bunden 4, hvis hvælving er afpasset efter pendulbevægelsen, udgør friktionsfladen for en friktionsvægt 5, som ved hjælp af den nedre ende 6 af pendulstangen 7 forskydes under pendulets 1 bevægel-20 se.According to Figures 1 and 2, a pendulum 1 is arranged inside a closed housing 2. The housing 2 has a cylindrical shape, and it is closed upwardly with a cover 3 and downwardly closed with a shape as an outwardly curved, spherical bottom. The inside of the bottom 4, whose vault is adapted to the pendulum movement, constitutes the friction surface of a friction weight 5 which is displaced by the lower end 6 of the pendulum rod 7 during the movement of the pendulum 1.

Huset 2 er ophængt i parallelle og med bygningsværket 8 stift forbundne konsolbjælker 9, der er fastgjort til dækslets 3 inderside. På tværs mellem konsolbjæl-25 kerne 9 strækker der sig to indbyrdes parallelle skinner 10, mellem hvilke pendulet 1 er ophængt i husets 2 centrum i et kugleled, således at det uhindret kan svinge i alle retninger. I figur 1 kan denne ophængningskugle 11 ses. I figur 2 er der vist en klap 30 12, som lukker en tilsvarende åbning i husets 2 cy lindriske sidevæg 13. Klappen 12 kan svinge omkring et lodret hængsel 14, og den kan fastholdes ved hjælp af en rigel 15. Klappen giver mulighed for adgang til pendulhusets 3 indre for udøvelse af kontrol og ved- 5The housing 2 is suspended in parallel and with bracket 8 rigidly connected brackets 9, which are attached to the inside of the cover 3. Across the console beam core 9, two mutually parallel rails 10 extend between which the pendulum 1 is suspended in the center of the housing 2 in a ball joint, so that it can swing freely in all directions. In Figure 1, this suspension ball 11 can be seen. In Figure 2, a flap 30 is shown which closes a corresponding opening in the cylindrical side wall of the housing 2. The flap 12 can pivot around a vertical hinge 14 and it can be held in place by a bolt 15. The flap allows access to the interior of the pendulum housing 3 for the exercise of control and wood 5

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ligeholdelsesarbejder.tenance work.

På pendulstangen 7 er der ophængt en af talrige plader sammensat pendulmasse 16, som alt efter bygnings-5 værket udgør mellem 100 og 700 kg. I forhold hertil er den af flere plader SI til S4 sammensatte friktionsvægt 5 .betydeligt mindre. Udtrykt i tal er den mindre end 10% af pendulmassen.On the pendulum rod 7 is hung one of numerous plates composed of pendulum mass 16, which according to the building 5 works between 100 and 700 kg. In this respect, the frictional weight composed of several plates SI to S4 is considerably smaller. In terms of numbers, it is less than 10% of the shuttle mass.

10 Svarende til størrelsen af pendulmassen 16 varierer pendulhusets 2 størrelse også. Et tværsnit er i sædvanlige bygningsudformninger omkring op til 1 m.10 Corresponding to the size of the pendulum mass 16, the size of the pendulum housing 2 also varies. In conventional building designs, a cross-section is around up to 1 m.

I figur 3 ses det tydeligt, at de enkelte plader Si 15 til S4 har forskellig størrelse hul i deres centre, idet hullet i den øverste plade SI omslutter den nedre ende 6 af pendulstangen ret tæt.In Figure 3, it is clearly seen that the individual plates Si 15 to S4 have different sized holes in their centers, the hole in the upper plate S1 enclosing the lower end 6 of the shuttle rod quite tightly.

I figur 1 er pendulet 1 også, med punkteret linie, 20 vist i sin største svingningsamplitudes venstre vendepunkt; Også friktionsvægten er vist i den tilsvarende udsvingning, idet man tydeligt ser, at alle på den nedre plade S4 liggende øvre plader SI til S3 er ført lige langt ud til venstre. Det vil sige, den ne-25 derste ende af pendulstangen 1 ligger an mod åbningskanten 17 i den nederste plades S4's åbning. Den ne-derste plade S4 har også et ringformet fremspring 18, der ligger an mod pendulhusets 2 bund 4.In Figure 1, the pendulum 1 is also shown, with a dotted line, 20 in the left turning point of its largest oscillation amplitude; Also, the weight of friction is shown in the corresponding oscillation, as it is clearly seen that all the upper plates S1 to S3 lying on the lower plate S4 are moved equally far to the left. That is, the lower end of the pendulum rod 1 abuts the opening edge 17 in the opening of the lower plate S4. The lower plate S4 also has an annular projection 18 abutting the bottom 4 of the pendulum housing 2.

Claims

A vibration damping assembly for tower-like structures such as chimneys or transmitters with a bracket support (9) connected rigidly to the structure (9) and with the possibility of exercising spatial oscillations suspended pendulum (1) whose lower end (6) interferes loosely with a upwardly open cavity in a friction weight (5) which, with the possibility of movement in all 10 directions, rests on a friction plate and consists of several superimposed plates (SI - S4) characterized in that the plates (SI - S4) are not interconnected rests on each other and are formed from plate to plate at least partially overlapping holes, which together form the cavity, whose cross-dimensions grow downward from top plate (Si) to bottom plate (S4).

Assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper plate (S1) of the friction weight (5) has a through-hole, whose transverse dimensions are only slightly larger than the cross-section of the through-hole end (6) of the pendulum (1). ).

An assembly according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the holes of the plates (Si - S4) are boreholes of circular cross section.

An assembly according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the plates (Si - S4) are circular and that the holes of each plate are located in the center of the plate in question.

An assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that the plate diameter from plate to plate increases from the upper plate (Si) to the lower plate (S4).

An assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the friction plate is designed as a friction bowl with ball-shell shape.

Assembly according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the lower plate (S4) of the friction weight slides on one or more projections (18).