DK151467B

DK151467B - DEVICE FOR PROTECTION OF LOADING IN TRANSPORT UNITS, PRINCIPLY BY RAILWAY TRUCKS

Info

Publication number: DK151467B
Application number: DK523278A
Authority: DK
Inventors: Rolf Kramer; Henry Huebsch; Guenter Ahlborn; Klaus Keil
Original assignee: Waggon Union Gmbh
Priority date: 1977-11-25
Filing date: 1978-11-23
Publication date: 1987-12-07
Also published as: DK151467C; EP0002209A1; DE2752635A1; DE2752635C2; DK523278A; EP0002209B1

Description

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Opfindelsen angår en indretning til beskyttelse af lastegodset i transportenheder, fortrinsvis jernbanegodsvogne, mod stød, der optræder i længderetningen, hvilken indretning består af mellemvægge, der er bestemt 5 til at anbringes mellem lastegodsstablerne, og som via løberuller er ophængt kørbart på løbeskinner, der hører til vognkassens øvre længdedele, og hvor mellemvæggene kan fastgøres et vilkårligt sted foroven og forneden ved hjælp af låseorganer, samt hvor mellemvæggens øvre låse-1 o organer går i indgreb med vognkassens øvre længdedele direkte eller via låseskinner, og mellemvæggens nedre låseorganer går i indgreb med vognkassens bund via låseskinner, og hvor de nedre låseorganer er anbragt med en mindre indbyrdes afstand end de øvre låseorganer.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention This invention relates to a device for protecting the cargo in transport units, preferably rail freight wagons, from longitudinal impact bumps, which consists of intermediate walls which are arranged to be placed between the cargo stacks and which are mounted runnerably on running rails belonging to to the upper longitudinal portions of the car body, and where the intermediate walls can be fixed at any location above and below by means of locking means, and where the upper lock-1 o means of the diaphragm engage the upper longitudinal portions of the car body directly or via locking rails, and the lower locking means of the middle wall engage the bottom of the carriage via locking rails, and wherein the lower locking means are spaced less than the upper locking means.

15 Med nævnte placering af de nedre låseorganer kan man foroven i området af de øvre længdedele holde mellemrummet mellem disse frit for stabling af lastegodset.With said location of the lower locking means, the space between the upper longitudinal portions can be kept free of the space between them for stacking the cargo goods.

Stykgodsstabler, der skal fastgøres i skinne-20 eller vejkøretøjer, stables fortrinsvis på flade paller eller bæreplader.Load stacks to be attached to rail 20 or road vehicles are preferably stacked on flat pallets or carriers.

De enkleste af de kendte indretninger til fastgørelse af disse flade paller, der er lastet med gods, er udformet således, at man kan sikre afstøtning af 25 forskellige lastehøjder og resterende tomrum enkeltvis ved hjælp af støtteanordninger eller afstivninger, eller at man kan indsætte luftpuder i resterende hulrum. Det er også kendt, at man kan spænde bånddele med indvævet gummi på tværs gennem køretøjer og fast-30 gøre disse bånddele til specielle låseskinner.The simplest of the known devices for securing these flat pallets, which are loaded with goods, are designed so that 25 different loading heights and remaining voids can be repelled individually by means of support devices or stiffeners or that air pads can be inserted in residual voids. It is also known that straps with interwoven rubber can be clamped across vehicles and fastened to these straps for special locking rails.

Fra beskrivelsen til US-patent nr. 2.155.872 er det kendt, at man kan fastgøre øvre og nedre skinner til et køretøjs vægge, tag eller bund. På disse skinner kan der bevæges og fastgøres vertikale føringer, 35 hvori der kan indsættes tværstræbere, ved hjælp af hvilke lastegodset kan fastgøres stift.From the specification of US Patent No. 2,155,872 it is known that one can attach upper and lower rails to the walls, roof or bottom of a vehicle. On these rails vertical guides may be moved and secured, into which cross-tensioners may be inserted, by means of which the cargo goods can be rigidly secured.

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Fra beskrivelsen til US-patent nr. 2.585.778 er det kendt, at man kan adskille stabler ved hjælp af tremmeriste og spænde dem mod vognen ved hjælp af stive afslutningsriste, som via fastgørelsesorganer spændes 5 mod hinanden og holder hele lasten stift mod endevæggene. Disse udførelser har den ulempe, at der kræves flere løse elementer til fastgørelse af lastegodset, og at der kun kan ske en nøjagtig fastspænding af dette, når vognen er fuldt lastet.From the specification of US Patent No. 2,585,778, it is known that stacks can be separated by means of grating grates and clamped against the carriage by rigid finishing grids which are fastened to each other via fastening means and hold the whole load rigidly against the end walls. These designs have the disadvantage that several loose elements are required for securing the cargo and that an exact clamping of this can only take place when the carriage is fully loaded.

10 Fra beskrivelsen til US-patent nr. 2.258.780 er det kendt, at man kan fastholde to sæt beholdere i et køretøj på en sådan måde, at de ydre beholdere ligger an mod endevæggene, og at begge beholdersæt ved hjælp af fjedrende spredemidler holdes adskilt og trykket mod en-15 devæggene. Med henblik herpå kræves der dels anbringelse af specielle holdeorganer på de midterste beholdere eller beholderrammer, og dels anvendelse af løse, fjedrende spredemidler, som let kan gå tabt. Denne udførelse har den yderligere ulempe, at holdearrangementet, der 20 anvendes til beholderfastgørelsen, også kræver en fuldt lastet vogn eller anordningen af tomme beholdere.From the specification of US Patent No. 2,258,780, it is known that two sets of containers can be secured in a vehicle in such a way that the outer containers abut the end walls and that both container sets are held by resilient spreading means. separated and pressed against the one-15 wall. To this end, the application of special holding means to the middle containers or container frames is required and partly to the use of loose, resilient spreading means which can be easily lost. This embodiment has the further disadvantage that the holding arrangement used for the container attachment also requires a fully loaded cart or the empty container assembly.

Fra beskrivelsen til GB-patent nr. 675.027 kendes der et arrangement af ophængte luftpuder mellem beholdere og beholdergrupper. Dette arrangement kræver også 25 en fuldt lastet vogn eller anvendelsen af tomme paller til udfyldning af det frie rum.From the specification of GB Patent No. 675,027, an arrangement of suspended air pads between containers and container groups is known. This arrangement also requires a fully loaded wagon or the use of empty pallets to fill the free space.

Der kendes endvidere en indretning til fastgørelse af stykgodsstabler, hvor faste mellemvægge via ruller kan længdeforskydes i vognen på skinner, der er 30 anbragt i den øvre del af transportenheden, og hvor disse mellemvægge kan fastgøres i forhold til vognbunden og de øvre længdedele ved hjælp af ind- og udrykbare bolte. Disse skillevægge deler køretøjet i enkelte afdelinger, så vognen også kan lastes delvis.Also known is a device for attaching unit goods stacks, in which fixed partitions can be lengthwise displaced in the carriage on rails arranged in the upper part of the transport unit, and in which these partitions can be fixed with respect to the carriage floor and the upper longitudinal parts by means of insertable and extendable bolts. These partitions divide the vehicle into individual compartments so that the carriage can also be partially loaded.

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Der kendes sluttelig indretninger i lighed med forannævnte, hvor der mellem mellemvæggene er anbragt trykvægge eller luftsække, som presser lastegodset mod mellemvæggene. Ulempen ved disse udførelser er den for-5 holdsvis kostbare udformning af luftsækkene eller trykvæggene og de hertil nødvendige hjælpeindretninger til fyldning af disse luftsække.Finally, devices similar to the above are known, where pressure walls or air bags are arranged between the intermediate walls, which press the cargo goods against the intermediate walls. The disadvantage of these designs is the relatively expensive design of the air bags or pressure walls and the auxiliary devices necessary for filling these air bags.

Nyere undersøgelser har vist, at anvendelsen af mellemvægge, der kan forskydes og fastgøres, er den 10 bedste og mest økonomiske mulighed for opnåelse af en sådan fastgørelse af lastegodset og pallerne, at der sikres en tilstrækkelig beskyttelse.Recent studies have shown that the use of sliding and fixing partitions is the 10 best and most economical way to achieve such fastening of the cargo and pallets to ensure adequate protection.

Ulempen ved de hidtil kendte mellemvægge er deres uøkonomiske og svære udformning. Da de hidtil kend-15 te, til fastgørelse indrettede mellemvægge dels fastgøres foroven til de øvre længdedele og dels fastgøres forneden - hovedsagelig vertikalt under de øvre længdedele - til udvendige længdedragere af vognbunden eller nær ved disse, har det hidtil været nødvendigt at 20 udforme mellemvæggen som en mod udbuling sikret, stiv pladedrager. Denne udformning af mellemvæggen.kræver en forholdsvis stor tykkelse, som igen indvirker uheldigt på lasterummet og systemets økonomi.The disadvantage of the previously known partitions is their uneconomical and difficult design. Since the known prior art, for fixing intermediate walls, are partly fixed at the top to the upper longitudinal portions and partly fixed below - mainly vertically below the upper longitudinal portions - to external longitudinal carriers of the carriage floor or near them, it has hitherto been necessary to design the intermediate wall. as a bulging secured rigid plate carrier. This design of the diaphragm requires a relatively large thickness, which in turn adversely affects the cargo space and the economy of the system.

Opfindelsen har til formål at eliminere foran-25 nævnte ulemper ved de kendte konstruktioner.The invention aims to eliminate the aforementioned disadvantages of the known constructions.

Med udgangspunkt i den indledningsvis omhandlede konstruktion - hvor de nedre låseorganer forudses anbragt i en sådan indbyrdes afstand, at forbindelseslinien mellem de over hinanden anbragte låseorganer 30 forløber gennem et vandret plan indeholdende massemidtpunktet for lastegodsstablen respektive de lastoptagende paller - tilsigter opfindelsen nærmere bestemt at skabe en indretning af enkel opbygning, hvor mellemvæggen er udformet således, at dens tykkelse bli-35 ver mindst mulig, og at den kan fastgøres ved hjælp af enkle organer.In view of the construction contemplated at the outset - wherein the lower locking means are predicted to be spaced such that the connecting line between the superposed locking means 30 extends through a horizontal plane containing the center of mass of the cargo stack and the cargo picking pallets - the invention further aims to create a a simple structure device in which the intermediate wall is designed so that its thickness remains as small as possible and can be fixed by simple means.

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Til opnåelse heraf er indretningen ifølge opfindelsen ejendommelig ved/ at de skråt over hinanden anbragte låseorganer er forbundet bøjningsstift med hinanden ved hjælp af en drager, som er integreret i mellem-5 væggen.In order to achieve this, the device according to the invention is characterized in that the locking means which are arranged obliquely over one another are connected to each other by means of a support which is integrated into the middle wall.

Med denne udformning er der skabt en konstruktion, der - som det også vil fremgå af det følgende - opfylder de stillede krav og derved har væsentlige tekniske fordele i sammenligning med hidtil kendte konstruktioner 1Q til lignende formål.With this design, a structure is created which - as will also be apparent from the following - meets the requirements set and thereby has significant technical advantages in comparison with previously known structures 1Q for similar purposes.

Med udformningen ifølge opfindelsen opnår man med enkle midler en konstruktion, som muliggør, at drageren, der forbinder de over hinanden anbragte låseorganer bøjningsstift med hinanden, kan optage de optrædende stød j5 og lede dem videre til den øvre længdedel respektive vognbunden. Herved opnås den fordel, at mellemvæggen kan fremstilles væsentligt enklere og tilsvarende mere økonomisk.With the design according to the invention, with simple means, a structure is obtained which allows the carrier connecting the superposed locking means to each other, to take up the occurring shocks j5 and pass them to the upper longitudinal part or the carriage floor respectively. This gives the advantage that the middle wall can be made considerably simpler and correspondingly more economical.

En fordelagtig udførelsesform for indretningen i-20 følge opfindelsen er ejendommelig ved, at der i en udskæring i mellemvæggen er anbragt et håndgreb, som kan betjenes fra begge sider af mellemvæggen. Med denne udformning og anbringelse af et håndgreb skabes der mulighed for en enkel betjening og fastgørelse af skille-25 væggen.An advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention is characterized in that a handle is provided in a cutout in the middle wall, which can be operated from both sides of the middle wall. This design and application of a handle allows for easy operation and fastening of the partition wall.

En anden fordelagtig udførelsesform for indretningen ifølge opfindelsen er ejendommelig ved, at håndgrebet er anbragt på en aksel, der er lejret drejeligt i mellemvæggen, og at der på akslen er anbragt en vægt-30 stang, til hvilken der er fastgjort et træktryk-eller trækelement. Ifølge opfindelsen kan der i hver endeside af mellemvæggen være anbragt en drejelig vægtstang, som via et bøjeligt træktrykelement står i forbindelse med akslens vægtstang.Another advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention is characterized in that the handle is arranged on a shaft which is pivotally mounted in the middle wall and that on the shaft is a weight bar to which a tensioning or pulling element is attached. . According to the invention, a rotatable bar may be arranged at each end side of the intermediate wall which communicates with the barbell of the shaft via a flexible tensioning element.

35 Med denne udformning opnår man fordelen ved at kun ne gå frem på den måde, at man først færdiglaster en 5 151467 vogn, der har flere skillevægge og flere lastegodsstab-ler, og derefter fastgør skillevæggene.35 With this design, one gains the advantage of only proceeding in the way of first loading a carriage having several partitions and several loading stacks, and then fixing the partitions.

Opfindelsen forklares nærmere i det følgende under henvisning til tegningens eneste figur, der viser 5 et tværsnit af en jernbanegodsvogn med en udførelsesform for indretningen ifølge opfindelsen.The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the sole figure of the drawing which shows 5 a cross section of a railway freight wagon with an embodiment of the device according to the invention.

Den på tegningen viste jernbanegodsvogn består i området af vognkassen i hovedsagen af en vognbund 1, et tag 2, øvre længdedele 3 og sidevægge 4. På de 10 øvre længdedele 3 er der anbragt løbeskinner 5 og låseskinner 6.The rail freight wagon shown in the drawing consists in the area of the carriage box substantially of a carriage floor 1, a roof 2, upper longitudinal sections 3 and side walls 4. On the 10 upper longitudinal sections 3, running rails 5 and locking rails 6 are arranged.

Den til jernbanegodsvognen hørende indretning ifølge opfindelsen har en mellemvæg 8, der via løbe-ruller 7 er lejret længdeforskydeligt på løbeskin-15 nerne 5. Mellemvæggen 8's løberuller 7 er via en aksel 9 forbundet drejefast med hinanden. Mellemvæggen 8 er på sandwichlignende måde udformet som en dob-beltvægget pladekonstruktionsdel. Foroven findes der nær ved mellemvæggen 81 s længdeender låseorganer 20 11/ der er anbragt vertikalt og udformet som tappe, der kan længdeforskydes mod trykket fra en fjeder 10. Låseorganerne 11 er lejret vertikalt under låseskinnerne 6 i mellemvæggen 8. Under mellemvæggen 8 er der anbragt andre låseorganer 12, der ligesom låse-25 organerne 11 er anbragt vertikalt og udformet som tappe, der kan længdeforskydes mod trykket fra en fjeder 13. Låseorganerne 12 er anbragt forsat for låseorganerne 11 i retning mod vognens længdemidte. Den indbyrdes afstand mellem låseorganerne 12 er valgt 30 således, at forbindelseslinien mellem de over hinanden anbragte låseorganer 11 og 12 forløber gennem et vandret plan indeholdende massemidtpunktet for de lastoptagende paller eller bæreplader. De over hinanden an-35 bragte låseorganer 11 og 12 respektive deres lejring er forbundet via en bøjningsstiv drager 14, som er integreret i mellemvæggen 8.The device for the rail freight car according to the invention has an intermediate wall 8 which is mounted longitudinally displaceable on the running rails 5. The running rollers 7 of the middle wall 8 are pivotally connected to one another via a shaft 9. The intermediate wall 8 is sandwiched in a sandwich-like manner as a double-walled plate construction part. Above, there are locking members 20 11 near the longitudinal ends 81 of the longitudinal wall 81 / which are arranged vertically and are designed to be longitudinally displaced against the pressure of a spring 10. The locking members 11 are mounted vertically below the locking rails 6 in the middle wall 8. other locking means 12 which, like the locking means 11, are arranged vertically and configured as pins which can be longitudinally displaced against the pressure of a spring 13. The locking means 12 are arranged for the locking means 11 in a direction towards the longitudinal center of the carriage. The spacing between the locking means 12 is selected so that the connecting line between the superposed locking means 11 and 12 extends through a horizontal plane containing the center of mass of the load-receiving pallets or supporting plates. The superposed locking means 11 and 12, respectively, and their bearing, are connected via a bending rigid carrier 14 which is integrated into the intermediate wall 8.

Claims

Each locking means 11 and 12 are connected to a flexible pulling pressure or pressure element 15 and 16. The pulling pressure or pressure elements 15 and 16 belonging to the superposed locking means 11 and 12 have their free ends connected pivotally to the free end. of a lever 17 arranged pivotally on a shaft 19 which is vertically and pivotally mounted in a cutout 18 in the middle wall 8. A shaft 19 is provided with a handle 20 which is pivotally mounted on the shaft 19 and by means of which shaft 19 can be pivoted and the locking means 11 and 12 can be moved against the pressure of the springs 10 and 13 via the tensioning elements 15 and 16 and the lever 17 thereby being retracted from the locking rails 1 of the upper longitudinal member 3 respectively. 22. The handle 20 is positioned on the shaft 19 of the cutout 18 so that it can be pivoted from both sides of the middle wall 8. There is a further flexible tensile thrust element 23 which is pivotally mounted on the shaft 17 of the shaft 19 and if other end is pivotally connected to a lever 24. This lever 24 is pivotally mounted with one end of the intermediate wall 8 and extends with its free end, which is formed as a handle, from the end side of the intermediate wall 8. Via the lever 24, the locking means can be 11 and 12 are also moved in or out of the locking rails 6 and 22, respectively, when the carriage is fully loaded. 1 2 3 4 5 6 2

1. Device for protecting the cargo in 3 transport units, preferably rail freight wagons, against 4 longitudinal shocks, the device 5 consisting of partitions, which are intended to be placed between the cargo stacks and which are run through rollers 151467 movably suspended on running rails belonging to the upper longitudinal portions of the carriage, and where the intermediate walls can be fixed at any position above and below by means of locking means, and where the upper locking means of the intermediate wall engage with the upper longitudinal parts of the car body directly or via locking rails and lower locking means engage the bottom of the carriage via locking rails and the lower locking means are spaced less than the upper locking means, characterized in that the locking means (11 and 12) are inclined over each other by bending pins at each other. by means of a carrier (14) integrated into the middle wall (8).

Device according to claim 1, characterized in that a handle (20) is arranged in a cutout (18) in the middle wall (20), which can be operated from both sides of the middle wall (8).

Device according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the handle (20) is arranged on a shaft (19) rotatably mounted in the intermediate wall (8) and a shaft (19) is arranged on the shaft (19). lever (17) to which is attached a tensioning or pulling element (15 and 16).

Device according to claims 1 and 3, characterized in that a rotatable wall rod (24) is provided at each end side of the intermediate wall (8) which communicates via a flexible tensioning element (23) with the lever (19) of the shaft (19). 17).