DK151401B

DK151401B - SUBSTANCE DETACHER FOR A HARVEST MACHINE

Info

Publication number: DK151401B
Application number: DK120977A
Authority: DK
Inventors: Karl-Guenter Gorsler; Dieter Uhlendorff
Original assignee: Deere & Co
Priority date: 1976-03-19
Filing date: 1977-03-18
Publication date: 1987-11-30
Also published as: BE852455A; DK151401C; DE2611652A1; DK120977A; NL183072B; NL7703022A; FR2344214A1; DE2611652C3; IT1082194B; NL183072C; DE2611652B2; FR2344214B1; GB1522582A

Description

151401151401

Opfindelsen angår en støvudski1 ler til en høstmaskine til græs eller korn, især ved mejetærskere med et skærebord og en i skærebordets trug anbragt tværgående snekke, hvis omdrejningsretning ved trugets væg er nedad-og bagudgående, med en central 5 ved skærebordet tilsluttet skrå fremføringskanal og tværsnekke udstyret med to modsat forløbende og til midten transporterende snegleafsnit på en rørformet snekkekerne med en fra det øvre område af skærebordets væg og i fremadgående retning til nær den ydre periferi af snekkeløbene rækkende øvre afdæknings-10 plade, der strækker sig gennemgående til de - lodrette sidevægge af skærebordet, hvorhos der mellem den tværgående snekke, afdækningspladen og skærebordets bagvæg medregnet den mellem snekken og trugets væg dannede transportspalte dannes et til alle sider lukket støvrum.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention This invention relates to a dust peeler for a grass or grain harvesting machine, in particular to combine harvesters with a cutting table and a transverse screw inserted in the cutting table trough whose direction of rotation at the wall of the trough is downward and backward, with a central feed channel and transverse screw connected to the cutting table. equipped with two opposite extending and middle conveying auger sections on a tubular worm core with one extending from the upper region of the cutting table wall and in the forward direction to the outer periphery of the worm holes extending cover plate extending through the vertical side walls of the cutting table, between which the transverse screw, the cover plate and the back wall of the cutting table, including the transport gap formed between the screw and the wall of the trough, forms a dust chamber closed to all sides.

1515

Fra US-patentskrift nr. 2.528.275 kendes en mejetærsker med en midterafdækningsplade og sideafskrabningsp'lader. Den samlede bredde af afdækningspladerne svarer til en tredjedel af den samlede længde af den tværgående snekke. Afdækningspladerne 9Q har sammen med afskrabningspladen til formål at afskrabe det fra indføringssnekken medførte materiale, og derefter lede det afskrabede materiale til en transportkana1. Af disse årsager vil afdækningspladen i forbindelse med afskrabningspladen ikke kunne danne et støvrum til opfangning af urenhedsparti kl er for derefter at føre disse bagud. Størstedelen af de af høstmate- 2 o rialet medførte urenheds- og støvpartikler føres derfor forbi afdækningspladen og derefter ud og er derfor til gene for operatøren .US Patent No. 2,528,275 discloses a combine with a center cover plate and side scraper plates. The total width of the cover plates corresponds to one third of the total length of the transverse screw. The cover plates 9Q, together with the scraping plate, are intended to scrape off the material entrained from the feed auger, and then guide the scraped material to a transport channel. For these reasons, the cover plate in conjunction with the scraping plate will not be able to form a dust room for trapping the impurity portion at 1 o'clock and then lead them backwards. Therefore, most of the impurities and dust particles caused by the harvesting material are passed past the cover plate and then out and are therefore at the expense of the operator.

Fra US-patentskri ft nr. 2.778.483 er det kendt at indrette en 30 midter-afdækningsplade i forbindelse med en tværgående snekke, hvilken afdækningsplade er ført ind til snekkens kerne. Da afdækningspladen kun dækker en meget lille del af snekkekernen, kan der ikke dannes noget støvrum i forbindelse med det hus, der optager de øvrige dele af snekken, eftersom der imel- 3 5 lem oversiden af snekkekernen og oversiden af huset er en forholdsvis bred spalte, hvorigennem støvpartikler vil kunne trænge ud. Afdækningspladen kan således kun afskrabe det høstmateri- "ΊβηήΒ 2 151401 ale, der f.eks. vikles på snekkekernen, især da afdækningspladen er udstyret med langsgående slidser gennem hvilke transporttænderne af en tværgående snekke kan føres.From U.S. Patent No. 2,778,483, it is known to provide a 30 center cover plate in conjunction with a transverse worm, which cover plate is inserted into the core of the worm. Since the cover plate only covers a very small part of the worm core, no dust space can be formed in connection with the housing which occupies the other parts of the worm, since between the top of the worm core and the upper side of the housing there is a relatively wide gap. through which dust particles will be able to penetrate. Thus, the cover plate can only scrape off the harvesting material, for example, wound on the worm core, especially since the cover plate is provided with longitudinal slots through which the transport teeth of a transverse worm can be passed.

_ StøvudskiTieren ifølge opfindelsen er ejendommelig ved at tvær-transportsnekken i dennes midterdel mellem de modsat forløbende skruelinieafsnit er indrettet som vindelfri transportørvalse med diameter som snekkekernen, og at midterdelen af den øvre afdækningsplade er ført ind til nær snekkekernen, idet der ved skærebordets bagvæg omtrent i højde med omdrejningsaksen af tværsnekken er anbragt en til nær den ydre periferi af snekkeløbene ragende afskrabningsplade, der som den øvre afdækningsplade strækker sig gennemgående ud til skærebordets sidevægge, og at der til begge sider af skråfremførings- . _ kanalen findes mod bunden åbne støvudskillelseskanaler, der 1 o udgår fra støvrummet over afskrabningspladen.The dust cutter according to the invention is characterized in that the transverse transport screw in its middle part between the opposite extending helical sections is arranged as a winding-free conveyor roller with diameter as the worm core, and that the middle part of the upper cover plate is inserted close to the worm core, height with the axis of rotation of the transverse screw is provided a scraping plate projecting proximally to the outer periphery of the worms, which extends through the sidewall of the cutting table through the upper cover plate and to both sides of the bevel feed. The duct is located towards the bottom open dust separation ducts, which exit from the dust compartment above the scraping plate.

Derved dannes der ved hjælp af afskrabningspladen, afdækningspladen og sidepladerne et fuldstændigt lukket støvrum. Endvidere sørger afskrabningspladen for en afskrabning af det høstmate- 20 riale, der sidder på snekken.In this way, a completely closed dust chamber is formed by means of the scraper plate, the cover plate and the side plates. Furthermore, the scraping plate provides a scraping of the harvesting material sitting on the worm.

Opfindelsen skal nærmere forklares i det følgende under henvisning til tegningen, hvor 25 Fig. 1 viser et skærebord med en skråfremføringskanal og en støvudskiller ifølge opfindelsen,The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing, in which 1 shows a cutting table with a bevel channel and a dust separator according to the invention,

Fig. 2 skærebordet set fra siden, idet den ene sidevæg er udeladt, og strømningen af støv er antydet, 30 Fig. 3 støvudskilleren i en anden udførelse, i hvilken der er udformet støvlederkanaler i skærebordets bagvæg ogFIG. 2 is a side view of the cutting table, one side wall being omitted and the flow of dust indicated, FIG. 3 shows the dust separator in another embodiment, in which dust conductor channels are formed in the back wall of the cutting table, and

Fig. 4 en modifikation af den i fig. 3 viste støvudskiller, i hvilken der er anbragt en blæser i støvlederkanalerne.FIG. 4 is a modification of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, in which a fan is arranged in the dust conductor channels.

Den i fig. 1 viste skråfremføringskanal 10 kan forbindes med en ikke vist mejetærsker. Ved enden af skråfremføringskanalen 10 er der et skærebord 12 med en knivbjælke 14 og en tværsnek- 35 3 151401 ke 16. Tværsnekken 16 består af en snekkekerne 18 og et højre snekkeløb 20 samt et modsat løbende venstre snekkeløb 22. Snekkeløbene 20 og 22 har afgangsender 24 henholdsvis 26, som er anbragt med maksimal indbyrdes afstand, således at der mellem 5 disse afgangsender 24 og 26 findes et frit rum for et stort antal trukne opsamlefingre 28, som afgiver det afhøst ede materiale bagud i en tilgangsåbning 30 i skråfremføringskanalen 10. Efter at det afhøstede materiale har passeret tilgangsåbningen 30, gribes det af en i skråfremføringskanalen 10 an-10 bragt elevator 31. Skærebordet 12 består desuden af en horisontalt anbragt bund 32, som går over i en hvælvet bund 34.The FIG. 1, the inclined feed channel 10 can be connected to a combine harvester not shown. At the end of the bevel feed channel 10, there is a cutting table 12 with a cutter bar 14 and a transverse screw 16. The transverse screw 16 consists of a worm core 18 and a right worm 20, and an opposite running left worm 22. The worm 20 and 22 have exit ends. 24 and 26, respectively, which are spaced apart, so that between these exit ends 24 and 26 there is a free space for a large number of drawn pick-up fingers 28 which discharge the harvested material backwards into an inlet opening 30 in the inclined feed channel 10. After that the harvested material has passed through the inlet opening 30, it is gripped by an elevator 31 arranged in the inclined feed channel 10. The cutting table 12 also consists of a horizontally arranged bottom 32 which passes into a vaulted bottom 34.

Den opadrettede endekant 36 af den hvælvede bund 34 er forbundet med en '"»•'tikal bagvæg 38, hvori tilgangsåbningen 30 findes. Bagvæggen 38 samt bundene 32 og 34 er til siderne af-15 grænset af vertikale sidevægge 40 og 42. Tværsnekken 16 er lejret drejeligt mellem sidevæggene 40 og 42 og trækkes ved hjælp af en ikke vist drivmekanisme.The upward end edge 36 of the arched bottom 34 is connected to a vertical back wall 38 in which the inlet opening 30 is located. The back wall 38 as well as the bottom 32 and 34 are bounded to the sides by vertical side walls 40 and 42. The transverse neck 16 is mounted pivotally between the side walls 40 and 42 and is pulled by a drive mechanism not shown.

Tilgangsåbningen 30 i bagvæggen 38 afgrænses af en nederste kant 44 og en øverste kant 46 samt sidekanter 48 og 50. I omtrent samme højde som midteraksen gennem tværsnekken 16 liggeren afstrygerp1ade eller en vinkelformet afstryger 1 iste 52, hvis fremadrettede kant 54 er ført hen til tværsnekkens 16 udvendige omkreds, som beskrives ved rotationen af snekkelø-bene, således at kun høstmaterialet mellem tværsnekkens snekkeløb ledes til tilgangsåbningen 30, medens det til snekkeløbene hæftende høstmateriale afvises eller afstryges af den vinkelformede afstrygerliste 52. Over tilgangsåbningens 30 overkant 46 er fastgjort en støvudskiller 60, som danner en 2Q nedad åben vinkel med forsiden af bagvæggen 38. Støvudskilleren 60 strækker sig over hele længden af tværsnekken 16 og er ved enderne forbundet med sidevæggene 40 og 42. Støvudskilleren 60 danner mellem bagvæggen 38 og tværsnekkens 26 ydre omkreds samt den vi nkel formede af stryger 1 i ste 52, et opstemm'ngs-3g rum, hvori det af snekkeløbene medførte støv opsamles, og hvorfra det delvis afgives i pilretningen ind i skråfremføringskanalen 10, medens den resterende del af støvet atter kan undvige fremad i horisontal retning, som ligeledes antydet ved 4 151401 pile. For at opnå en upåklagelig støvudskillelse og dermed undgå støvgener for føreren af maskinen består støvudskiTieren af en midterste del henholdsvis en midterste støvudski1 lerplade 62, hvis samlede bredde er noget større end bredden af til-5 gangsåbningen 30. Støvudski11erpladen 62 kan være forbundet med forsiden af bagvæggen 38 ved hjælp af to hængsler 64 og 66, således at vinklen a, der bestemmes af hældningen af støvudski llerpladen, kan ændres. Man kan også fastgøre støvudskil-lerpladen 62 stift til bagvæggen 38 og afstive den ved hjælp 10 af en U-formet stiver 68. Den midterste støvudskillerplade 60 er ført hen til den udvendige omkreds af snekkeløbene 20 og 22. En ekstra, fleksibel støvudski11erplade 70 er ligeledes forbundet med den midterste støvudski1 lerpiade 62 ved hjælp af forbindelsesorganer. Bredden af den fleksible støvudski11er-15 plade 70 bestemmes af det fri rum mellem afgangsenderne 24 og 28 af snekkeløbet. Den forreste kant af den fleksible støvud-skillerplade 70 kan ligge på. overfladen af snekkekernen 18.The access opening 30 in the rear wall 38 is bounded by a lower edge 44 and an upper edge 46, as well as side edges 48 and 50. At the same height as the center axis through the transverse screw 16 is a stripper plate or an angular stripper 1 icy 52 whose forward edge 54 is directed to the transverse neck. 16 outside circumference, which is described by the rotation of the worms so that only the harvesting material between the worms of the cross-worm is guided to the inlet opening 30, while the harvesting material adhering to the worms is rejected or stripped by the angular wiper strip 52. forming a 2Q downwardly open angle with the front of the rear wall 38. The dust separator 60 extends over the entire length of the transom 16 and is connected at the ends to the side walls 40 and 42. The dust separator 60 forms between the rear wall 38 and the outer circumference of the transom 26 as well as the formed by strings 1 in step 52, a stirring-3g room in which it is made of screw the dust caused by dust is collected and from which it is partially discharged in the direction of the arrow into the inclined channel 10, while the remaining part of the dust can again evade forward in a horizontal direction, which is also indicated by 4 arrows. In order to achieve impeccable dust separation and thus avoid dust nuisance to the operator of the machine, the dust exchanger consists of a middle part or a middle dust exchanger plate 62, the total width of which is somewhat greater than the width of the access opening 30. The dust exchanger plate 62 can be connected to the front of the machine. the rear wall 38 by means of two hinges 64 and 66 so that the angle α determined by the slope of the dust exterior plate can be changed. It is also possible to attach the dust separator plate 62 rigidly to the rear wall 38 and stiffen it by means of a U-shaped strut 68. The middle dust separator plate 60 is led to the outer circumference of the worm holes 20 and 22. An additional flexible dust separator plate 70 is provided. also connected to the middle dust screen clay 62 by connecting means. The width of the flexible dust exchanger plate 15 is determined by the free space between the outlet ends 24 and 28 of the worm run. The leading edge of the flexible dust separator plate 70 may lie. the surface of the worm core 18.

Der kan også mellem den nedadrettede kant af den fleksible støvudskiΊ1erp1ade 70 og overfladen af snekkekernen 18 findes 20 en smal spalte 72. En del af støvet kan derved afgives gennem denne spalte 72. Til den midterste støvudski 11erplade 62 er tilsluttet en højre og en venstre støvudski1 lerplade 74 og 76, som ligeledes er forbundet med forsiden af bagvæggen 38. Støvudskil lerpladerne 74 og 76 kan være samlet med den midterste 25 støvudski 11 erpl ade 62 til dannelse af en enhed. Det er også muligt at danne støvudskilleren 60 af tre enkeltdele, som ved hjælp af forbindelsesorganer er forbundet indbyrdes. Endvidere er det muligt at udforme den midterste støvudskillerplade 62, således at den er indstillelig i forhold til støvudski1 lerpia-30 derne 74 og 76. Samtlige støvudski llerpl ader kan også være indsti1lelige.There may also be found between the downward edge of the flexible dust exterior plate 70 and the surface of the worm core 18 a narrow slot 72. A portion of the dust can thereby be discharged through this slot 72. A right and a left dust exterior is connected to the middle dust exterior plate 62. clay plates 74 and 76, which are also connected to the front of the rear wall 38. The dust separating clays 74 and 76 may be assembled with the middle 25 dust skirt 11 supplemented 62 to form a unit. It is also possible to form the dust separator 60 of three individual parts which are interconnected by means of connecting means. Furthermore, it is possible to design the middle dust separator plate 62 so that it is adjustable in relation to the dust separator clay plates 74 and 76. All the dust separator plates can also be adjustable.

I fig. 3 og 4 er vist en anden udførelsesform for støvudskilleren ifølge opfindelsen. I bagvæggen 38 findes der til højre 35 og venstre for skråfremføringskanalen 10 en udskillelseskanal 78 henholdsvis 80, der leder det under støvudskilleren 60 op-samlede støv bagud og ned mod jorden. Som vist i fig. 4 kan der i hver støvudskillelseskanal 78 og 80 findes en blæser 82, der fremmer støvtransporten.In FIG. 3 and 4, another embodiment of the dust separator according to the invention is shown. In the rear wall 38, to the right 35 and to the left of the inclined feed duct 10, there is a discharge duct 78 and 80 respectively, which directs the dust collected below the dust separator 60 backwards and downwards to the ground. As shown in FIG. 4, in each dust separation duct 78 and 80 there can be a fan 82 which promotes the dust transport.

Claims

151401 By means of the worms 20 and 22 working in opposite directions, the harvesting material and thus also the loosely included dust is brought to the center of the access opening 38. For this reason, the cover plates 74 and 76 may also be located at a certain distance 5 from the surface of the worm core 18 As the transverse screw 16 moves downward on its forward-facing side, the majority of the dust will be retained within the cutting table 12. In the middle region of the worm core 18, where there is a densification of the dust in the space between the dust separator 60 10 and the shaped wipers, it is advantageous that the dust peeler plate 70 is brought close to the surface of the dust core 18. In this way, a greater part of the dust is prevented from being directed forward. Since a small gap 72 can be found between the surface of the worm core 18 and the end edge of the flexible dust separator plate 70 15, a certain amount of dust flow can be delivered forward, so that the withdrawing dust stream is again entrained by the harvested material and led to the sloping feed scale 10. The slot 72 can be adjusted by means of the dust air pressure, so that at large dust volumes 20, the size of the slot 72 is adjusted. Patent claims.

1. Dust separator for a grass or grain harvesting machine, in particular 25 for combine harvesters with a cutting table (12) and a transverse screw inserted in the cutting table trough whose direction of rotation at the wall of the trough is downwards and backwards, with a central at the cutting table (12) oblique feed channel and transverse screw equipped with two opposite extending and middle conveying auger sections on a tubular worm core (18) having an upper cover plate extending from the upper region of the cutting table wall and forwardly extending to the outer periphery of the worms. 74, 76) extending through the vertical sidewalls of the cutting table (12) wherein, between the transverse screw, the cover plate and the back wall of the cutting table, the transport gap formed between the worm and the trough wall forms a dust closed to all sides. space, characterized in that the cross-conveyor neck in its middle part between the opposite extending helical portions is arranged as winding-free t a conveyor roller with a diameter such as the worm core (18), and that the center portion (62) of the upper cover plate (62, 74, 76) is brought in close to the worm core (18), at about height at the cutting wall (38) with the axis of rotation of the transverse screw (16), an abutment plate (52) projecting proximally to the outer periphery of the worm flaps (20) extending, like the upper cover plate, 10 extends outwardly to the side walls (40, 42) of the cutting table, and to both sides of the inclined feed duct (10) there are open dust separation ducts (78, 80) which extend from the dust compartment above the scraping plate.

Dust separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper cover plate (62, 674, 76) consists of three separate adjacent parts, of which the middle part (62) is connected via link (64) to the back wall (38) of the cutting table. consequently can be set in its slope. 20

Dust separator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the middle part (62) of the upper cover plate (62, 74, 76.) at its front facing the screw core (18) is provided with a flexible lip.

Dust separator according to claims 1-3, characterized in that the dust separation channels (78, 80) are provided with a fan (82).