DK150912B

DK150912B - Sloping roof comprising an outer roof surface and a watertight underroof

Info

Publication number: DK150912B
Application number: DK176084A
Authority: DK
Inventors: Hans Melby Jespersen
Original assignee: Villadsens Fab As Jens
Priority date: 1984-04-02
Filing date: 1984-04-02
Publication date: 1987-07-13
Also published as: SE8405081L; SE8405081D0; SE455714B; DK150912C; DK176084D0; DK176084A

Description

150912150912

Opfindelsen angår et tag med hældning og af den art, som omfatter en ydre tagflade og et vandtæt undertag, som er anbragt i afstand under den ydre tagflade, og som er selvbærende.The invention relates to a roof with a slope and of the kind which comprises an outer roof surface and a waterproof roof which is spaced below the outer roof surface and which is self-supporting.

Selv nye tagflader sammensat af pladeformede elementer, 5 såsom tegl-, skifer-, beton- eller metalplader, er almindeligvis ikke helt tætte, og bevægelser i en tagkonstruktion omfattende sådanne elementer vil ofte føre til dannelse af yderligere utætheder. Dette bevirker, at regn og fygesne kan trænge igennem sådanne tagflader.Even new roof surfaces composed of slab elements, such as brick, slate, concrete or metal slabs, are generally not completely dense, and movements in a roof structure comprising such elements will often lead to the formation of additional leaks. This means that rain and pike can penetrate such roof surfaces.

Det er kendt at kompensere for den ydre tagflades manglende tæthed TO ved at tilvejebringe et vandtæt undertag, der f.eks. kan bestå af asfaltimprægneret pap eller meget kraftige plastfolier, hvoraf sidstnævnte eventuelt kan være forstærket med et lag syntetiske, organi-ske fibre. Disse plastfolier har f.eks. en vægt på 200-300 g/m og tykkelser på 0,15-0,20 mm.It is known to compensate for the lack of density TO of the outer roof surface by providing a watertight roof, which e.g. may consist of asphalt-impregnated cardboard or very strong plastic films, the latter of which may be reinforced with a layer of synthetic organic fibers. These plastic films have e.g. a weight of 200-300 g / m and thicknesses of 0.15-0.20 mm.

15 Det vandtætte undertag anbringes normalt direkte på spærenes oversider, og ved anvendelse af baneformet asfaltimprægneret pap eller folie anbringes banerne f.eks. overlappende på spærenes oversider og fastsømmes hertil, efterhånden som de udrul les. Herefter påsømmes lægter, som skal bære den ydre tagflade, til 20 spærene, inden den ydre tagflade anbringes på lægterne og dermed i afstand fra undertaget.The watertight roof is usually applied directly to the upper sides of the rafters, and when using web-shaped asphalt-impregnated cardboard or foil, the webs are applied e.g. overlapping on the tops of the rafters and being fixed as they roll out. Thereafter, laths which are to carry the outer roof surface are seamed to the rafters before the outer roof surface is placed on the laths and thus at a distance from the roof.

Under udrulning af baner af asfaltimprægneret pap eller baner, der på oversiden er belagt med asfalt, vil der i sådanne materialer uundgåeligt opstå kraftige trækspændinger i materialets 25 overside, og disse spændinger kan - når der, som det ofte er tilfældet, arbejdes ved lave temperaturer - give anledning til dannelse af brud eller revner i materialerne. Sammenhængende overfladelag af asfalt kan krakelere og under uheldige forhold skalle af.During the roll-out of asphalt-impregnated board webs or asphalt-coated webs, such materials will inevitably produce strong tensile stresses in the top of the material, and these stresses can - as is often the case, be worked at low temperatures. - give rise to the formation of fractures or cracks in the materials. Coherent asphalt surface layers can crack and peel off under adverse conditions.

De nævnte spændinger og de deraf følgende beskadigelser 30 ved lave temperaturer kan også skyldes andre påvirkninger, som asfaltbanerne udsættes for under opbygningen af undertaget. Eksempelvis kan de blive udsat for slag, stød eller kraftige vindpåvirkninger.Said stresses and the resulting damage at low temperatures may also be due to other stresses to which the asphalt webs are exposed during the construction of the roof. For example, they may be subjected to blows, shocks or severe wind effects.

Et undertag opbygget af kendte plastfolier udmærker sig 35 ved at være billigere og meget lettere end et undertag af asfaltimprægneret eller asfaltbelagt materiale. Et undertag af folier har dog samtidig utilstrækkelig modstandsdygtighed mod visse mekaniske påvirkninger og påvirkninger af vinden og er herudover ofte ikke tilstrækkeligt holdbart, idet mange plastfolier nedbrydes ved oxida- 2 150912 tion.A roof made of known plastic films is distinguished by being cheaper and much lighter than a roof of asphalt-impregnated or asphalt-coated material. However, a roofing of foils also has insufficient resistance to certain mechanical influences and influences of the wind and, in addition, is often not sufficiently durable, as many plastic films are degraded by oxidation.

Formålet med opfindelsen er at tilvejebringe et tag omfattende et robust og holdbart undertag, som let og hurtigt kan opbygges direkte på en spær konstruktion, og som tillader, at arbejdet 5 udføres ved lave temperaturer, uden at det beskadiges.The object of the invention is to provide a roof comprising a sturdy and durable roof which can easily and quickly be built directly on a barred construction and which allows the work 5 to be carried out at low temperatures without being damaged.

Dette formål opnås med taget ifølge opfindelsen, hvilket tag er ejendommeligt ved, at undertaget omfatter et bitumenlag, hvis overside er afdækket med en plastfolie, og hvori der helt eller delvis er indlejret et bærerlag af syntetiske fibre.This object is achieved by the roof according to the invention, which is characterized in that the roof comprises a bitumen layer, the top of which is covered with a plastic film and in which a carrier layer of synthetic fibers is embedded in whole or in part.

10 Plastfolien på bitumenlagets overside virker som et arme ringslag og hindrer, at bitumenlaget krakelerer eller danner revner under de påvirkninger, som undertagsmaterialet udsættes for under opbygningen af undertaget og under den efterfølgende opbygning af den ydre tagflade.10 The plastic film on the upper side of the bitumen layer acts as a reinforcing ring layer and prevents the bitumen layer from cracking or forming cracks under the stresses to which the roofing material is exposed during the construction of the roof and during the subsequent construction of the outer roof surface.

15 Plastfolien har fortrinsvis en tykkelse på ca. 10 til 40 pm og består f.eks. af polyolefiner, navnlig polyethylen og polypropylen. I tilfælde, hvor det ønskes at tilvejebringe et vanddampgennem-trængeligt undertag, anvendes fortrinsvis en perforeret plastfolie.The plastic foil preferably has a thickness of approx. 10 to 40 µm and consists e.g. of polyolefins, in particular polyethylene and polypropylene. In cases where it is desired to provide a water vapor permeable roof, a perforated plastic film is preferably used.

For at øge sikkerheden under arbejdet med opbygningen af 20 et tag ifølge opfindelsen kan det være hensigtsmæssigt at anvende en plastfolie med en overflade med en relativt stor friktionskoefficient.In order to increase safety while working on the construction of a roof according to the invention, it may be advisable to use a plastic film with a surface having a relatively large coefficient of friction.

Bærerlaget tilvejebringer den nødvendige styrke og holdbarhed, og i denne henseende er det fordelagtigt at anvende et bærerlag af polyesterfibre. Et sådant lag kan herudover tjene til at 25 bibringe undersiden af underlaget en ønsket lys farve, hvilken kan være af stor betydning for oplysningen af rummet under taget. En sådan lys underside kan opnås med et undertag, hvor bærerlaget består af polyesterfibre, og hvor undertagets underside er bitumen-fri. Dette medfører ikke nogen nedsættelse af undertagets holdbar-30 hed, idet de nævnte fibre i sig selv er modstandsdygtige mod oxidation og råd. Undertagets underside vil da få bærerlagets lyse farve.The support layer provides the required strength and durability, and in this respect it is advantageous to use a polyester fiber support layer. In addition, such a layer may serve to impart a desired light color to the underside of the substrate, which may be of great importance for the illumination of the space under the roof. Such a light underside can be obtained with an undercoat where the support layer is made of polyester fibers and the underside of the undercoat is bitumen-free. This does not result in any reduction of the durability of the roof, since the said fibers are in themselves resistant to oxidation and rot. The underside of the underside will then have the bright color of the support layer.

En yderligere fordel ved at anvende et bærerlag, som ikke er gennemimprægneret af bitumen, er, at undertagets underside derved kommer til at omfatte et stort antal fritliggende fibre, der 35 virker som væskef ordel ere i tilfælde af, at der ved kondensering dannes vandansamlinger på undertagets underside og virker fremmende på vandfordampningen, når betingelserne herfor igen er til stede.A further advantage of using a carrier layer which is not impregnated by bitumen is that the underside of the roof will thereby comprise a large number of exposed fibers which act as liquid bodies in the event of condensation forming on water. the underside of the roof and promotes water evaporation when the conditions for it are again present.

Bærerlaget har fortrinsvis en vægt på fra 100 til 500 g/m 2 150912 3 og består som nævnt af polyesterfibre. Eksempler på andre fibre, som kan indgå i bærerlaget, er polypropylen-, polyamid- eller acryl-fibre.The support layer preferably has a weight of from 100 to 500 g / m 2 and as mentioned, consists of polyester fibers. Examples of other fibers which may be included in the support layer are polypropylene, polyamide or acrylic fibers.

Bitumenlagets funktion er at gøre undertaget vandtæt samt 5 at give materialet en tilstrækkeligt stor vægt til, at det ikke blafrer under oplægningen og efter etableringen af taget ved de almindeligt forekommende vindpåvirkninger.The function of the bitumen layer is to render the roof waterproof as well as to give the material a sufficient weight that it does not flicker during laying and after the roof is established by the commonly occurring wind effects.

Bitumen laget har fortrinsvis en vægt på fra 200 til 2000 g/m2.The bitumen layer preferably has a weight of from 200 to 2000 g / m 2.

10 Opfindelsen skal herefter beskrives nærmere under henvis ning til tegningen, hvor fig. 1 viser en foretrukket udførelsesform for et tag ifølge opfindelsen med tagdækningen delvis fjernet, og 15 fig. 2 viser et tværsnit gennem undertaget, som indgår i taget ifølge fig. 1.The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the drawing, in which fig. 1 shows a preferred embodiment of a roof according to the invention with the roof covering partially removed, and FIG. 2 shows a cross-section through the roof which forms part of the roof according to FIG. First

På tegningen betegner 1 en spærbjælke, hvorpå der delvis overlappende er anbragt baner, der danner et undertag 2. I overlapningszonen mellem banerne er der anbragt en afstandsliste 3, der 20 er fastsømmet til oversiden af spærbjælken 1. På tværs af afstandslisterne 3 er der anbragt tag lægter 4, som understøtter en tagdækning af teglsten 5.In the drawing, 1 denotes a bar on which partially overlapping webs are formed forming a ceiling 2. In the overlap zone between the webs there is arranged a spacer strip 3 which 20 is fixed to the upper side of the rafter 1. Across the spacer strips 3 is arranged. roof supports 4, which support a roof covering of bricks 5.

Undertaget 2, der er vist detaljeret i fig. 2, omfatter et bærer lag 6 bestående af et u vævet flor af polyesterfibre, et lag 7 af 25 oxideret bitumen med et smeltepunkt, som bestemt ved kugle/ring-metoden eksempelvis er 90°C, og hvori bærerlaget er helt eller delvis indlejret, og en polypropylenfolie 8 med en tykkelse på f.eks. 0,02 mm.The exception 2 shown in detail in FIG. 2, a carrier layer 6 consisting of a nonwoven web of polyester fibers comprises a layer 7 of oxidized bitumen having a melting point, as determined by the ball / ring method, for example, 90 ° C and wherein the carrier layer is fully or partially embedded; and a polypropylene film 8 having a thickness of e.g. 0.02 mm.

Claims

150912

A roof with a slope and of the kind comprising an outer roof surface (5) and a waterproof roof (2) which are spaced below the outer roof surface and which are self-supporting, characterized in that the roof ( 2) comprises a bitumen layer (7), the upper side of which is covered by a plastic film (8) and in which a carrier layer (6) of synthetic fibers is embedded in whole or in part.

The roof according to claim 1, characterized in that the plastic film (8) has a thickness of from 10 to 40 µm.

The roof according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the plastic film (8) is perforated.

The roof according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the upper side of the foil (8) has a high coefficient of friction.

Roof according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the support layer (6) consists of polyester fibers.

Roof according to claim 3, characterized in that the underside of the roof (2) is bitumen-free.