DK149397B - FUEL OIL FUEL BURNERS - Google Patents
FUEL OIL FUEL BURNERS Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DK149397B DK149397B DK190579A DK190579A DK149397B DK 149397 B DK149397 B DK 149397B DK 190579 A DK190579 A DK 190579A DK 190579 A DK190579 A DK 190579A DK 149397 B DK149397 B DK 149397B
- Authority
- DK
- Denmark
- Prior art keywords
- oil
- nozzle
- ptc resistor
- resistor body
- fuel pipe
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 20
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 title 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 42
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010763 heavy fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006199 nebulizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
- F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
- F23N5/14—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using thermo-sensitive resistors
- F23N5/146—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using thermo-sensitive resistors using electrical or electromechanical means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
- F23D11/24—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space by pressurisation of the fuel before a nozzle through which it is sprayed by a substantial pressure reduction into a space
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
- F23D11/36—Details, e.g. burner cooling means, noise reduction means
- F23D11/44—Preheating devices; Vaporising devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
- H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
- H05B3/14—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pressure-Spray And Ultrasonic-Wave- Spray Burners (AREA)
- Spray-Type Burners (AREA)
- Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)
- Nozzles For Spraying Of Liquid Fuel (AREA)
Description
149397149397
Opfindelsen angår en forstøvningsbrænder for oliefyringsanlæg, med en oliepumpe, en blæser, en elektrisk drivmotor, en ved enden af et brændstofrør anbragt dyse og en med brændstofrøret forbundet elektrisk varmeindretning for den tilfø-5 rende olie.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention This invention relates to an atomizer burner for oil firing systems, with an oil pump, a blower, an electric drive motor, a nozzle disposed at the end of a fuel pipe and an electric heating device connected to the fuel pipe for the feed oil.
Ved en kendt forstøvningsbrænder af denne art (DE-OS 24 22 216 er brændstofrøret udvendigt forsynet med elektriske varmeelementer, fx med en varmevikling. Varmeelementerne er især indsat i en varmeakkumulator. Varmeelementerne 10 strækker sig over næsten den samlede længde af brændstofrøret. Inden for brændstofrøret er der kort foran dysen anbragt en afspærringsventil, som består af et indskruet ventilsæde og et lukkeorgan. Denne er over en stang, der strækker sig gennem brændstofrøret, forbundet med et fjederbela-15 stet stempel, således at den åbnes ved et forudbestemt olietryk. Varmeelementernes afstand fra dysen er større end afspærringsventilens afstand. På denne måde må middeltunge og tunge brændselsolier, som ved rumtemperatur har en for høj viskositet, opvarmes, således at de efter forstøvning giver 20 en tilfredsstillende flamme. Denne kendte konstruktion kræver meget plads og en betydelig varmeenergi.In a known atomization burner of this kind (DE-OS 24 22 216, the fuel pipe is externally provided with electric heating elements, eg with a heat coil. The heating elements are especially inserted in a heat accumulator. The heating elements 10 extend over almost the total length of the fuel pipe. a shut-off valve consisting of a screwed-in valve seat and a closure means is placed in front of the nozzle, which is connected to a spring-loaded piston over a rod extending through the fuel pipe to open it at a predetermined oil pressure. In this way, medium and heavy fuel oils having too high viscosity at room temperature must be heated to give a satisfactory flame after atomization 20. This known design requires a lot of space and considerable heat energy. .
Dyser for sådanne forstøvningsbrændere er almindelige i handelen (Danfoss-prospekt 30B.3.02.03 "højtryksoliedyser type OD" 10/1969). De består af et dyselegeme, som skrues ind i 25 brændstofrøret, med i et bagtil åbent hulrum indsat filter.Nozzles for such atomizer burners are common in the trade (Danfoss prospectus 30B.3.02.03 "high pressure oil nozzles type OD" 10/1969). They consist of a nozzle body which is screwed into the fuel tube with a filter inserted into the rear open cavity.
149397 2 * c149397 2 * c
Desuden er det kendt (DE-AS 24 10 999} til forvarmning af olie for oliefyringsanlæg i olietilledningen at indbygge en gennemløbsopvarmer, som har et hus med et i forhold til tilledningstværsnittet betydeligt større tværsnit. I dette hus 5 er der indbygget et flere parallelle kanaler indeholdende PTC-modstandslegeme, som kan drives som varmeelement, og som er omgivet af en isolation. På den udvendige side af huset er der anbragt en kontakt og en stikdåse for den elektriske effekttilførsel.In addition, it is known (DE-AS 24 10 999} for preheating oil for oil-fired plants in the oil line to incorporate a through-flow heater which has a housing with a considerably larger cross-section in relation to the feed cross section. containing a PTC resistor body which can be operated as a heating element and which is surrounded by an insulation.On the external side of the housing is a switch and a socket for the electrical power supply.
10 Formålet med opfindelsen er at angive en forstøvningsbrænder af den i indledningen beskrevne art, især en lille letolie-brænder, ved hvilken en optimal udnyttelse af forvarme-var-meeffekten ved mindste pladsbehov er givet.The object of the invention is to provide a nebulizer burner of the type described in the introduction, in particular a small light oil burner, in which an optimal utilization of the preheating heat effect at minimum space requirements is given.
Denne opgave løses ifølge opfindelsen ved, at varmeindret-15 ningen er dannet af et med gennemgangskanaler forsynet PTC-modstandslegeme, som er anbragt i brændstofrøret kort foran dysen.This problem is solved according to the invention in that the heating device is formed by a pass-through PTC resistor body which is placed in the fuel pipe shortly in front of the nozzle.
Ved denne konstruktion sker opvarmningen af olien først umiddelbart før forstøvningen, således at temperaturen og 20 viskositeten, som olien har, når den forlader PTC-modstandslegemet, faktisk endnu er til stede ved forstøvningen. Da PTC-modstandslegemet ligger helt i den opvarmende oliestrøm, er varmeafgivelsen til olien god og varmeafgivelsen til omgivelsen ringe. Endvidere kan PTC-modstandslegemet tilføres 25 en forholdsvis stor effekt, da det altid, når denne effekt ikke bortføres af olien, selvstændigt begrænser effekten ved temperaturforhøjelse. Alt dette tillader at udforme PTC-modstandslegemet så lille, at det kan anbringes i brændstofrørets begrænsede dimensioner kort foran dysen. Herved for-30 styrrer heller ikke den umiddelbare nærhed ved dysen, som opvarmes stærkt ved drift, fordi PTC-materialet uden videre tåler sådanne temperaturer og ved for stærk opvarmning begrænser egenopvarmningen ved hjælp af modstandsforhøjelse.In this construction, the heating of the oil occurs only immediately before the atomization, so that the temperature and viscosity of the oil as it exits the PTC resistor body is actually still present at the atomization. As the PTC resistor body is completely in the heating oil stream, the heat release to the oil is good and the heat release to the environment is poor. Furthermore, the PTC resistor body can be applied to a relatively large power, since, when this power is not carried away by the oil, it always independently limits the power by raising the temperature. All this allows to design the PTC resistor body so small that it can be placed in the confined dimensions of the fuel tube shortly in front of the nozzle. Also, this does not interfere with the immediate proximity of the nozzle, which is strongly heated during operation, because the PTC material can easily withstand such temperatures and, by excessive heating, limits the self-heating by means of resistance increase.
149397 3149397 3
Anvendelsen af flere end en kanal for oliegennemgangen sikrer, at olien, som i og for sig er en dårlig varmeleder, kan opvarmes tilstrækkeligt over en forholdsvis kort kanallængde. Da PTC-modstandslegemet højst har en ringe afstand fra 5 dysen og udfylder en del af brændstofrørets tværsnit, er det af det opvarmede olievolumen lille; ved for-opvarmning trykkes derfor ingen olie ud af dysen på grund af den termiske ekspansion, der optræder altså ingen efterdrypning. Da der ikke anvendes varmeindretning med varmeakkumulator, men et 10 PTC-modstandslegeme, hvis halvledermateriale har en meget ringe varmeakkumulatoregenskab, er der heller ingen fare for, at olie ekspanderer som følge af yderligere opvarmning og drypper efter ud af dysen efter udkoblingen af pumpen og blæseren.The use of more than one duct for the oil passage ensures that the oil, which in itself is a poor heat conductor, can be sufficiently heated over a relatively short duct length. Since the PTC resistor body is at most a small distance from the nozzle and fills part of the cross-section of the fuel pipe, it is small of the heated oil volume; therefore, in the case of preheating, no oil is squeezed out of the nozzle due to the thermal expansion, which means no post-drip. Also, since no heat accumulator is used with a heat accumulator, but a 10 PTC resistor whose semiconductor material has a very poor heat accumulator property, there is also no danger of oil expanding as a result of additional heating and dripping out of the nozzle after the pump and fan shutdown .
15 Ved et foretrukket udførelseseksempel, ved hvilket dysen er udformet med bagtil åbent hulrum, er PTC-modstandslegemet i mindste delvis anbragt i hulrummet. Herved fås en nærhed ved dysen, som ikke mere kan overfås. Desuden er dette hulrum af de nævnte grunde tilstrækkeligt til optagelse af PTC-mod-20 standslegemet, også når hulrummet kun har en diameter i størrelsesordenen på 10 mm.In a preferred embodiment, in which the nozzle is formed with a rear open cavity, the PTC resistance body is at least partially disposed in the cavity. This provides a proximity to the nozzle that can no longer be transferred. In addition, for these reasons, this cavity is sufficient to accommodate the PTC resistor body, even when the cavity has only a diameter of the order of 10 mm.
PTC-modstandslegemet kan have med hinanden og med dyseaksen parallelle kanaler. Deres tværsnit kan især være sekskantet.The PTC resistor body may have parallel channels with each other and with the nozzle axis. In particular, their cross sections may be hexagonal.
På denne måde fås et varmeelement med en, med hensyn til 25 dets volumen, meget stor overflade.In this way, a heating element having a very large surface area is obtained.
I reglen har kanalerne et mindstetværsnit på filteråbningernes størrelse, således at PTC-modstandslegemet i det mindste delvist overtager et filters funktion.As a rule, the channels have a minimum cross-sectional size of the filter openings, so that the PTC resistor body at least partially assumes the function of a filter.
Det fremmer endvidere den simple opbygning, når kun den ene 30 elektriske tilledning er tilsluttet PTC-modstandslegemet, den anden derimod er forbundet med brændstofrøret eller dysen. I reglen er det nok at holde PTC-modstandslegemet frik- 149397 4 tionsbestemt, fx. i dysens hulrum, hvorved samtidig den elektriske kontaktering er givet. Desuden kan brændstofror og dyselegeme ved denne anbringelse holdes på stelpotentia-le.It further promotes the simple construction when only one electrical cord is connected to the PTC resistor body, the other, by contrast, is connected to the fuel tube or nozzle. As a rule, it is enough to keep the PTC resistor free, e.g. in the nozzle cavity, thereby providing the electrical contact. In addition, in this arrangement, fuel rudder and nozzle body can be held at ground potentials.
5 Det er også muligt, at dysen kan have et metalliseret, skiveformet filter, på hvilket PTC-modstandslegemet er holdt under elektrisk kontaktering, og at benytte det som mellemkoblet kontakteringselektrode.It is also possible that the nozzle may have a metallized disc shaped filter on which the PTC resistor body is held during electrical contact and to use it as an interconnected contact electrode.
Der er endvidere den mulighed at tilslutte PTC-modstandsle-10 gemet til en regulator, som i afhængighed af en forbrændingen kendetegnende størrelse, som flammetemperatur eller O2-indhold i forbrændingsgassen, regulerer effekttilførslen.Furthermore, there is the possibility of connecting the PTC resistor stored to a regulator which, depending on a combustible characteristic size, such as flame temperature or O2 content in the combustion gas, regulates the power supply.
Ved formindskelse af effekttilførslen kan oliens temperatur nedsættes, og derved tilpasses viskositeten de for en opti-15 mal forbrænding nødvendige forudsætninger.By reducing the power supply, the temperature of the oil can be reduced, thereby adjusting the viscosity to the conditions necessary for an optimal combustion.
Da olien umiddelbart før forstøvningen opvarmes stærkt, fås en overordentlig ringe viskositet. I ekstremt tilfælde kan opvarmningen ske til kort under forkoksningstemperaturen.Since the oil is heated strongly immediately before the spraying, an extremely low viscosity is obtained. In extreme cases, the heating may be briefly below the coking temperature.
Som følge heraf er det ved letolie-fyringsanlæg muligt at 20 dimensionere oliepumpen til et tryk på mindre end 5 bar, fortrinsvis mindre end 2-3 bar og på denne måde forbrænde hidtil uopnået lave oliemængder sodfrit.As a result, in light oil combustion plants, it is possible to dimension the oil pump to a pressure of less than 5 bar, preferably less than 2-3 bar, and in this way incinerate hitherto low oil amounts of soda-free.
Por sådanne lave tryk er også en elektromagnetisk aktiveret membranpumpe tilstrækkelig som oliepumpe. Denne er i sammen-25 ligning med en tandhjulspumpe meget billig og kræver fremfor alt ikke mere nogen forbindelse med den nu kun til blæseren nødvendige elektromotor. Dette fører til en forringelse af pumpens driftseffekt og til en større frihed ved den konstruktive udformning af brænderen.Also, at such low pressures, an electromagnetically activated diaphragm pump is sufficient as an oil pump. This, in comparison with a gear pump, is very cheap and, above all, no longer requires any connection with the now only electric motor needed for the fan. This leads to a decrease in the pump's operating power and to a greater freedom in the constructive design of the burner.
30 Anbefalelsesværdigt er endvidere en tidsstyringsindretning, som allerede nogen tid inden begyndelsen af olietilførslen 5 Ϊ49397 til dysen slutter spænding til PTC-modstandslegemet. PTC-modstandslegemet kan ved tilstedeværelsen af en forskylning især indkobles samtidig med blæseren. På denne måde fås en opvarmningstid, som sikrer, at allerede den først fra dysen 5 udtrædende olie er tilstrækkelig opvarmet, og risikoen for en soddannelse er nedsat. Opvarmningstidens varighed er ikke kritisk, da PTC-modstandslegemet automatisk begrænses i temperaturen.Also recommended is a timing device which, for some time before the beginning of oil supply 5 Ϊ49397 to the nozzle, terminates voltage to the PTC resistor body. In particular, the PTC resistor body can be engaged in conjunction with the fan in the presence of a flush. In this way, a heating time is obtained which ensures that already the oil which first emerges from the nozzle 5 is sufficiently heated and the risk of soot formation is reduced. The duration of the heating time is not critical as the PTC resistor body is automatically limited in temperature.
Por på den ene side at opnå en optimal opvarmning og på den 10 anden side at forhindre gener ved forkoksning, anbefales det at vælge PTC-modstandslegemets materiale således, at dets grænsetemperatur, på hvilken det indstiller sig ved manglende køling ved hjælp af olien, ligger noget under forkoks-ningstemperaturen.Pore on the one hand to achieve optimal heating and on the other hand to prevent coking genes, it is recommended to select the material of the PTC resistor body so that its limit temperature at which it adjusts to lack of cooling by the oil somewhat below the coking temperature.
15 PTC-modstandslegemet kan også tjene som for-modstand for enThe PTC resistor body can also serve as a pre-resistor for one
SiC-glødestav-tændindretning og udnytte de uundgåelige tab til olieopvarmning.SiC incandescent ignition device and take advantage of the inevitable losses to oil heating.
Opfindelsen forklares nærmere nedenfor ved hjælp af på tegningen viste, foretrukne udførelseseksempler, der viser i 20 fig, 1 en skematisk fremstilling af de til olietilførslen svarende dele af en forstøvningsbrænder ifølge opfindelsen, fig. 2 i forstørret fremstilling området nær dysen, fig. 3 en anden udførelsesform af et PTC-modstandslegeme 25 med tilhørende elektroder og fig. 4 forløbet af PTC-modstandslegemets temperatur efter indkoblingen.The invention is explained in more detail below by means of preferred embodiments shown in the drawing, which show in Fig. 1, a schematic representation of the parts corresponding to the oil supply of an atomizer burner according to the invention. 2 is an enlarged view of the area near the nozzle; FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of a PTC resistor body 25 with associated electrodes; and FIG. 4 shows the temperature of the PTC resistor body after switching on.
Ifølge fig, 1 er der anbragt en elektromagnetisk oliepumpe 149397 6 1, som har en med impulser forsynet elektromagnet 2, hvis anker 3 bevæger en membran 4 op og ned og derved afvekslende forstørrer og formindsker pumperummet 5. Som følge heraf suges olie fra en tank 6 over en sugeventil 7 og afgives over 5 en trykventil 8 i en trykledning 9. Til denne er der sluttet en akkumulator 10, med hvis hjælp pumpetransporttrykket ud-jævnes. Fx har akkumulatoren 10 en elastisk væg, som står under et gastryk eller er belastet af en fjeder. Trykledningen fører til en trykregulerings- og afskæringsventil 11, 10. fra hvilken overskudsolie over en tilbageløbsledning 12 flyder til tanken 6, og fra hvilken nytteolien over en ledning 13 når til dysen 14. Ledningens 13 endestykke danner et brændstofrør 15, i hvilket der befinder sig et PTC-mod-standslegeme 16 som varmeelement kort foran dysen 14. Ved 15 hjælp af dette varmeelement opvarmes olien stærkt, umiddelbart før den i form af en forstøvningskegle 17 træder ud af dysen 14.According to Fig. 1, there is arranged an electromagnetic oil pump 149397 6 1, which has a pulsed electromagnet 2, whose anchor 3 moves a diaphragm 4 up and down, and thus alternately enlarges and reduces the pump space 5. As a result, oil is sucked from a tank. 6 over a suction valve 7 and over 5 a pressure valve 8 is delivered in a pressure line 9. To this is connected an accumulator 10, with the help of which the pump transport pressure is equalized. For example, the accumulator 10 has an elastic wall which is under a gas pressure or is loaded by a spring. The pressure line leads to a pressure control and cut-off valve 11, 10. from which the excess oil over a reflux line 12 flows to the tank 6 and from which the utility oil over a line 13 reaches the nozzle 14. The end piece of the line 13 forms a fuel pipe 15 in which is located. a PTC resistor body 16 as a heating element shortly in front of the nozzle 14. By means of this heating element, the oil is heated strongly immediately before it emerges from the nozzle 14 in the form of a spray cone 17.
Effekttilførslen sker over en regulator 18, som over klemmerne 19 er tilsluttet netspænding, og som til konstatering 20 af en forbrændingen kendetegnende størrelse er forbundet med en 02_Sonde 20 og desuden formår at styre membranpumpens 1 elektromagnet 2. Ved ændring af effekttilførslen til PTC-modstandslegemet 16 kan temperaturen og dermed viskositeten af olien ændres, og ved ændring af henholdsvis effekten og 25 frekvensen af de elektromagneten 2 tilførte impulser kan det af oliepumpen 1 opnåede tryk ændres med henblik på en optimal forbrænding (hvorved ventilens 11 trykreguleringsfunktion ganske vist må bortfalde).The power supply is effected via a regulator 18, which is connected to mains voltage via the terminals 19 and which, for detecting a combustion characteristic 20, is connected to a 02 probe 20 and also manages to control the electromagnet 2 of the diaphragm pump 1. By changing the power supply to the PTC resistor body 16 For example, the temperature and thus the viscosity of the oil can be changed, and by changing the power and frequency of the pulses supplied by the electromagnet 2, respectively, the pressure obtained by the oil pump 1 can be changed for optimum combustion (whereby the pressure control function of the valve 11 must, however, lapse).
I fig. 2 er dyseområdet vist i forstørret fremstilling. Dy-30 sen 14 er anbragt ved den forreste ende af et dyselegeme 21, som bagtil har et hulrum 22. I dette hulrum er det en cylin-r derform opvisende PTC-modstandslegeme indsat friktionsbestemt. Dette legeme består af et porøst, keramisk materiale, ved hvilket porerne er forbundet indbyrdes og. derfor frem- 149397 7 bringer gennemgangskanaler, som har et sådant mindstetvær-snit, at legemet 16 samtidig kan tjene som filter. PTC-mod-standslegemet 16 er på den bort fra dysen vendte endeflade forsynet med en elektrode 23, som over en ledning 24, som 5 går igennem en gennemføring 25 i brændstofrøret 15, er forbundet med den ene netklemme 19. Den anden side af legemet 16 er ved hjælp af friktionsforbindelsen elektrisk forbundet med dyselegemet 21, og dette er forbundet med brændstofrøret 15. Den til dette brændstofrør sluttede tilbageløbsledning 10 26 står over en tændindretning 27 i form af en siliciumkar- bid-glødestav 28 i forbindelse med den anden netklemme 19. Siliciumkarbid har en NTC-modstandskarakteristik og behøver derfor en driften stabiliserende for-modstand, som her dannes ved hjælp af PTC-modstandslegemet 16. De normalt i en 15 sådan for-modstand optrædende tab udnyttes til opvarmning af olien. Modstandsværdierne vælges således, at SiC-glødestaven 28 gløder i normaldriften, og PTC-modstandslegemet 16 opvarmer olien tilstrækkeligt.In FIG. 2, the nozzle area is shown in enlarged form. The nozzle 14 is disposed at the front end of a nozzle body 21 which has a cavity at the rear 22. In this cavity, a cylindrical PTC-resistant body is frictionally inserted. This body consists of a porous ceramic material to which the pores are interconnected and. therefore, passageways having a minimum cross-section provide body 16 can simultaneously serve as filters. The PTC resistor body 16 is provided on the end surface facing away from the nozzle with an electrode 23 which, over a line 24 passing through a passage 25 in the fuel pipe 15, is connected to one mains terminal 19. The other side of the body 16 is electrically connected to the nozzle body 21 by means of the friction connection, and this is connected to the fuel pipe 15. The return line 10 26 connected to this fuel pipe stands over an ignition device 27 in the form of a silicon carbide glow rod 28 in connection with the second mains terminal 19 Silicon carbide has an NTC resistance characteristic and therefore needs an operating stabilizing resistor, which is formed here by the PTC resistor body 16. The normally occurring losses in such a resistor are utilized to heat the oil. The resistance values are chosen such that the SiC glow stick 28 glows in normal operation and the PTC resistor body 16 heats the oil sufficiently.
Ved udførelsesformen i fig. 3 har PTC-modstandslegemet 29 20 adskillige parallelle gennemgangskanaler 30, som er parallelle med hinanden og med dyseaksen. En elektrode 31 er på ny anbragt på den ene endeflade. Den anden elektrode dannes ved hjælp af en filterskive 32 af metalliserede tråde, som fastklemmes mellem den anden endeflade af PTC-modstandslege-25 met og hulrummets 22 grundflade.In the embodiment of FIG. 3, the PTC resistor body 20 has several parallel passageways 30 which are parallel to each other and to the nozzle axis. An electrode 31 is reattached to one end surface. The second electrode is formed by a filter disc 32 of metallized wires which is clamped between the other end surface of the PTC resistor 25 and the base surface of the cavity 22.
Fig. 4 viser PTC-modstandslegemets 16 temperatur T som funktion af tiden t. Hvis PTC-modstandslegemet 16 på tidspunktet tg tilsluttes spænding, fx. samtidig med blæsermotoren, stiger PTC-modstandslegemets 16 temperatur til en grænseværdi 30 Tø, som ligger lige under forkoksningstemperaturenTR.FIG. 4 shows the temperature T of the PTC resistor 16 as a function of time t. If at the time tg the PTC resistor 16 is connected to voltage, e.g. at the same time as the blower motor, the temperature of the PTC resistor body 16 rises to a limit value 30 T0 which is just below the coking temperatureTR.
Når olietilførslen begynder i tidspunktet ti ved åbning af afskæringsventilen 11, er den PTC-modstandslegemet 16 omgivende olie stærkt opvarmet og udstråles med tilsvarende ringe kapacitet og viskositet, hvorved sodfaren nedsættes.When the oil supply begins at time ten by opening the cut-off valve 11, the PTC resistor body 16 surrounding oil is strongly heated and radiated with correspondingly low capacity and viscosity, thereby reducing the soot hazard.
149397 8149397 8
Umiddelbart derefter falder temperaturen T noget som følge af varmebortførslen, men bliver så på en konstant værdi.Immediately thereafter, the temperature T decreases somewhat as a result of the heat dissipation, but then remains at a constant value.
En yderligere fordel ved PTC-modstandslegemet ligger deri, at det samme legeme kan anvendes for dyser af forskellige 5 kapacitetsmængder, fordi der ved en formindskelse af varme-bortførslen ved mindre kapacitetsmsngder som følge af temperaturforhøjelse optræder en modstandsforhøjelse, som automatisk nedsætter den tilførte effekt.A further advantage of the PTC resistor body lies in the fact that the same body can be used for nozzles of different capacities because a reduction in heat dissipation at smaller capacities due to temperature rise causes a resistance increase which automatically reduces the applied power.
Ved et udførelseseksempel er en membranpumpe 1 blevet drevet 10 med et tryk på mindre end 2 bar. Der blev anvendt en lille dyse, som normalt er bestemt til en kapacitet på 1,25 kg/h.In one embodiment, a diaphragm pump 1 has been operated 10 with a pressure of less than 2 bar. A small nozzle was used, which is usually intended for a capacity of 1.25 kg / h.
Her kunne der ved hjælp af opvarmningen og ved hjalp af tryksænkningen opnås en sodfri flamme ved en kapacitet på 0,47 kg/h. En sådan ringe brændereffekt kunne hidtil ikke 15 opnås ved forstøvningsoliebrændere. Ved større dyser fås tilsvarende reduktioner.Here, by means of the heating and by means of the pressure reduction, a soot-free flame at a capacity of 0.47 kg / h could be obtained. Such a low burner effect could not be achieved so far by atomizing oil burners. For larger nozzles, corresponding reductions are obtained.
Regulatoren 18 kan også overtage en tidsstyringsanordnings funktion og tilslutte PTC-modstandslegemet 16 spænding, før pumpen 1 indkobles, således at der allerede er sket en op-20 varmning, når den første olie når PTC-modstandslegemet.The controller 18 can also take over the function of a timing device and connect the voltage of the PTC resistor 16 before the pump 1 is switched on, so that a heating has already occurred when the first oil reaches the PTC resistor body.
Claims (6)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19782821207 DE2821207C2 (en) | 1978-05-13 | 1978-05-13 | Atomizing burners for oil firing systems |
| DE2821207 | 1978-05-13 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DK190579A DK190579A (en) | 1979-11-14 |
| DK149397B true DK149397B (en) | 1986-05-26 |
| DK149397C DK149397C (en) | 1986-10-27 |
Family
ID=6039424
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK190579A DK149397C (en) | 1978-05-13 | 1979-05-09 | FUEL OIL FUEL BURNERS |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS54149941A (en) |
| AT (1) | AT388434B (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2821207C2 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK149397C (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2425612B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2020795B (en) |
| SE (1) | SE445948B (en) |
Families Citing this family (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2912000C2 (en) * | 1979-03-27 | 1982-03-11 | MEKU Metall- und Kunststoffverarbeitungs-GmbH & Co KG, 7735 Dauchingen | Device for preheating fuel oil in front of the nozzle of a burner |
| EP0017057B1 (en) * | 1979-03-27 | 1982-03-10 | Danfoss A/S | Fuel oil preheating device |
| DE3110502C2 (en) * | 1981-03-18 | 1985-08-01 | Webasto-Werk W. Baier GmbH & Co, 8035 Gauting | Flow heater for preheating viscous fuel for a heating device |
| DE3243396C2 (en) * | 1982-11-24 | 1985-07-25 | Danfoss A/S, Nordborg | Evaporation burners for liquid fuel |
| DE3532576A1 (en) * | 1985-09-12 | 1987-03-19 | Satronic Ag | METHOD FOR CONTROLLING THE HEATING TEMPERATURE OF A CURRENT HEATER AND REGULATABLE CURRENT HEATER |
| NL8601384A (en) * | 1986-05-29 | 1987-12-16 | Texas Instruments Holland | COMBUSTION ENGINE WITH FUEL INJECTION SYSTEM AND AN INJECTION VALVE INTENDED FOR SUCH AN ENGINE. |
| DE4020005C1 (en) * | 1990-06-24 | 1991-12-19 | Danfoss A/S, Nordborg, Dk | |
| DE4118581A1 (en) * | 1991-06-06 | 1992-12-10 | Webasto Ag Fahrzeugtechnik | Auxiliary vehicle heater - has damping throttle in pipe between liquid fuel pump and burner evening out flow |
| FR2798454B1 (en) * | 1999-09-09 | 2002-01-25 | Groupe F Pyrotechnie | FLAME GENERATOR FOR SAFE SHOW |
| US9638413B2 (en) | 2014-03-05 | 2017-05-02 | Progreen Labs, Llc | Treatment device of a heating system |
| US9488373B2 (en) | 2014-03-06 | 2016-11-08 | Progreen Labs, Llc | Treatment device of a heating system |
| US9593857B2 (en) | 2014-03-07 | 2017-03-14 | ProGreen Labs, LLC. | Heating system |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1137162B (en) * | 1958-03-11 | 1962-09-27 | Bruleurs Thermex Soc D | Device for preheating the oil in heavy oil burners |
| DE2056450A1 (en) * | 1970-11-17 | 1972-05-18 | Hoffmann K | Contactless oil heating device that detects environmental influences |
| JPS5148815B2 (en) * | 1973-03-09 | 1976-12-23 | ||
| DE2422216A1 (en) * | 1974-05-08 | 1975-11-20 | Elco Oelbrennerwerk Ag | Jet pipe for oil burner - providing rapid preheating of oil to obtain good spraying and combustion, without cracking of heavy oil |
| DE2438957A1 (en) * | 1974-08-14 | 1976-03-04 | Danfoss As | Solenoid valve for nozzle burner |
-
1978
- 1978-05-13 DE DE19782821207 patent/DE2821207C2/en not_active Expired
-
1979
- 1979-04-17 AT AT287379A patent/AT388434B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1979-05-09 DK DK190579A patent/DK149397C/en active
- 1979-05-09 JP JP5579879A patent/JPS54149941A/en active Pending
- 1979-05-11 SE SE7904168A patent/SE445948B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1979-05-11 FR FR7912122A patent/FR2425612B1/en not_active Expired
- 1979-05-11 GB GB7916421A patent/GB2020795B/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS54149941A (en) | 1979-11-24 |
| DK149397C (en) | 1986-10-27 |
| DE2821207A1 (en) | 1979-11-15 |
| FR2425612B1 (en) | 1986-10-10 |
| GB2020795A (en) | 1979-11-21 |
| FR2425612A1 (en) | 1979-12-07 |
| DK190579A (en) | 1979-11-14 |
| ATA287379A (en) | 1988-11-15 |
| AT388434B (en) | 1989-06-26 |
| SE445948B (en) | 1986-07-28 |
| GB2020795B (en) | 1982-08-25 |
| DE2821207C2 (en) | 1983-07-07 |
| SE7904168L (en) | 1979-11-14 |
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