DK147675B - EASY REMOVABLE COVER OF EASY METAL - Google Patents
EASY REMOVABLE COVER OF EASY METAL Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DK147675B DK147675B DK538476AA DK538476A DK147675B DK 147675 B DK147675 B DK 147675B DK 538476A A DK538476A A DK 538476AA DK 538476 A DK538476 A DK 538476A DK 147675 B DK147675 B DK 147675B
- Authority
- DK
- Denmark
- Prior art keywords
- capsule
- bottle
- easy
- weakening
- tear
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D41/00—Caps, e.g. crown caps or crown seals, i.e. members having parts arranged for engagement with the external periphery of a neck or wall defining a pouring opening or discharge aperture; Protective cap-like covers for closure members, e.g. decorative covers of metal foil or paper
- B65D41/32—Caps or cap-like covers with lines of weakness, tearing-strips, tags, or like opening or removal devices, e.g. to facilitate formation of pouring openings
- B65D41/40—Caps or cap-like covers adapted to be secured in position by permanent deformation of the wall-engaging parts
- B65D41/42—Caps or cap-like covers adapted to be secured in position by permanent deformation of the wall-engaging parts made of relatively-stiff metallic material, e.g. crown caps
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D41/00—Caps, e.g. crown caps or crown seals, i.e. members having parts arranged for engagement with the external periphery of a neck or wall defining a pouring opening or discharge aperture; Protective cap-like covers for closure members, e.g. decorative covers of metal foil or paper
- B65D41/32—Caps or cap-like covers with lines of weakness, tearing-strips, tags, or like opening or removal devices, e.g. to facilitate formation of pouring openings
- B65D41/40—Caps or cap-like covers adapted to be secured in position by permanent deformation of the wall-engaging parts
- B65D41/44—Caps or cap-like covers adapted to be secured in position by permanent deformation of the wall-engaging parts made of metallic foil or like thin flexible material
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Closures For Containers (AREA)
- Packages (AREA)
Description
! U7675 o! U7675 o
Opfindelsen angår en let afrivelig kapsel af letmetal med et cirkulært topfelt, der med et buet overgangsområde går over i et nedadrettet skørt med en fra kanten udragende afrivningsflig, ved hvilken kapsel, 5 der under det med afrivningsfremmende svækningslinier forsynede topfelt er anbragt en tætningsring. Kuldioxid-mættede mineralvand og andre væsker, der emballeres i flasker og andre små beholdere, blev tidligere tætnet med kronekapsler. Sådanne kronekapsler har den ulempe, 10 at de kun kan åbnes ved hjælp af en eller anden form for værktøj. Man har derfor søgt at erstatte disse kronekapsler med let afrivelige kapsler, der kan fjernes med fingrene og derfor ikke nødvendiggør nogen form for værktøj.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The invention relates to a lightly tear-off light metal capsule having a circular top panel, which, with a curved transition area, transitions into a downward skirt with a tear-off tab protruding on which a sealing ring is provided beneath the tear-promoting weakening lines. Carbon dioxide-saturated mineral water and other liquids packaged in bottles and other small containers were previously sealed with crown capsules. Such crown caps have the disadvantage that they can only be opened by some kind of tool. Therefore, it has been attempted to replace these crown capsules with easily removable capsules which can be removed with the fingers and therefore do not require any tools.
15 Det har imidlertid vist sig, at de hidtil kendte flaskekapsler, der kan afrives med fingrene, er vanskelige at fjerne, uden at flaskeindholdet spildes, hvis flasken holdes i brugerens hænder, medens kapslen fjer nes. Dette skyldes, at der kræves et stadig større træk, 20 medens afrivningen skrider frem over kapslens øvre del.However, it has been found that the previously known bottle caps that can be rubbed off with the fingers are difficult to remove without wasting the bottle contents if the bottle is held in the user's hands while removing the capsule. This is because an ever-larger feature is required as the tear progresses over the upper portion of the capsule.
Når flasken således holdes i den ene hånd, og afrivningen af kapslen udføres med den anden hånd, påføres det yderligere træk, der er nødvendigt for helt at fjerne kapslen, ikke jævnt, hvilket gør det vanskeligt at holde 25 flasken stabilt, og dette medfører, at indholdet spildes eller tabes.Thus, when the bottle is held in one hand and the tear of the capsule is performed with the other hand, the additional pull necessary to completely remove the capsule is not evenly applied, making it difficult to keep the bottle stable, which results in that the content is wasted or lost.
Fra beskrivelsen til svensk patent nr. 381.237 kendes således en kapsel af den indledningsvis omtale art, hvor tætningsringen er anbragt under svæknings-30 linierne i topfeltet. Herved opstår der imidlertid en uønsket brat ændring af kapslens modstand mod overrivningen, når den forholdsvis seje tætningsring skal overrives. Dette giver erfaringsmæssigt anledning til spild af flaskens indhold og eventuelt til beskadigede fingre.Thus, from the specification of Swedish Patent No. 381,237, a capsule of the kind mentioned above is known, in which the sealing ring is placed below the weakening lines in the top field. However, this results in an undesirable abrupt change in the resistance of the capsule to the tearing when the relatively cool sealing ring is to be overhauled. From an experiential point of view, this results in waste of the contents of the bottle and possibly of damaged fingers.
35 o 2 14767535 o 2 147675
Denne ulempe er fjernet ved kapslen ifølge opfindelsen, der er ejendommelig ved, at topfeltets svæknings-1in der er anbragt radialt uden for tætningsringen. Herved opnås en jævn afrivning af kapslen på grund af den i det 5 væsentlige konstante overrivningsmodstand langs svæk- ningsliniernes samlede udstrækning fra skørtets frie kant og frem langs topfeltets periferi. Endvidere er den afrivningskraft, der er nødvendig for at adskille det tynde metallag, som står tilbage bag svækningslinien, og der-10 ved fjerne en i overensstemmelse med opfindelsen udformet kapsel fra en flaske, minimal.This disadvantage is removed by the capsule according to the invention, which is characterized in that the weakening line of the top field located radially outside the sealing ring. This results in an even tearing of the capsule due to the substantially constant tearing resistance along the overall extent of the weakening lines from the free edge of the skirt to the periphery of the top field. Furthermore, the tear-off force required to separate the thin metal layer remaining behind the weakening line and thereby remove a capsule formed in accordance with the invention from a bottle is minimal.
For at opnå en i hovedsagen konstant overrivningsmodstand under hele afrivningsprocessen, herunder ved begyndelsen af denne og for at frilægge det størst mulige 15 åbningsareal er det ifølge opfindelsen hensigtsmæssigt, at svækningslinier på hver side af afrivningsfligen strækker sig op over skørtet og går over i topfeltets svækningslinier, der ligger i det buede overgangsområde. Ved denne udformning opnås desuden, at kapslen let kan fjer-20 nes fuldstændigt fra flaskehalsen.In order to obtain a substantially constant tear resistance throughout the tear-off process, including at the beginning thereof and to expose the widest possible opening area, it is appropriate according to the invention that weakening lines on each side of the tear-off tab extend over the skirt and go into the top field weakening lines. , located in the curved transition area. In addition, this design provides that the capsule can easily be completely removed from the neck of the bottle.
Ifølge opfindelsen er det endvidere hensigtsmæssigt, at tætningsringen i radial retning strækker sig ud til et sted tæt ved svækningslinierne. Herved sikres bedst muligt, at kapselmaterialet under svækningslinien ikke kom-25 mer i berøring med flaskeindholdet, samt at afrivnings kanten bliver så glat som muligt.Furthermore, according to the invention, it is convenient for the sealing ring to extend in a radial direction to a location close to the lines of weakening. In this way, it is best ensured that the capsule material below the weakening line does not come into contact with the bottle content, and that the tear-off edge is as smooth as possible.
Ifølge opfindelsen er det endvidere fordelagtigt, at topfeltet er forsynet med en langs periferien forløbende prægning, der danner en kanal, hvori tætnings-30 ringen er anbragt. Denne prægning danner en afstivning, som fremmer og sikrer den jævne afrivning, idet afrivningen med større sikkerhed vil foregå langs topfeltets ubetinget svageste område, nemlig svækningslinierne. Uden den afstivende prægning er der en ikke uvæsentlig fare 35 for, at et skævnt træk i afrivningsfligen kan give anled- 3 147675 o ning til en overrivning af selve topfeltet og dermed eventuelt en krafttig rystepåvirkning af flasken.Furthermore, according to the invention, it is advantageous that the top field is provided with a circumferential embossing which forms a channel in which the sealing ring is arranged. This embossing forms a stiffening which promotes and ensures the smooth tearing, as the tearing will take place with greater certainty along the unconditionally weakest area of the top field, namely the weakening lines. Without the stiffening embossing, there is a not insignificant danger 35 that an oblique pull in the tear-off tab can give rise to an overgrowth of the top field itself and thus possibly a strong shaking effect on the bottle.
Opfindelsen skal i det følgende forklares nærmere under henvisning til tegningen, på hvilken 5 fig. 1 viser en i overensstemmelse med opfindelsen udformet lukkekapsel set i skrå afbildning, fig. 2 samme, set fra oven, fig. 3 et snit efter linien 3-3 i fig. 2, fig. 4 i større målestok en detalje, der viser græn-10 seområdet mellem tætningsringen og den halvcirkelformede svækningslinie, og fig. 5 i skrå afbildning lukkeindretningen i en stilling, hvor den er revet op i åbnestillingen, men før den fjernes fra flasken.The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to the drawing, in which: FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic view of a sealing cap formed in accordance with the invention; FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line 3-3 of FIG. 2, FIG. 4 is an enlarged detail showing the boundary region between the seal ring and the semicircular weakening line; and FIG. 5 in an oblique view the closure device in a position where it is torn open in the open position, but before it is removed from the bottle.
15 I fig. 1 og 2 er der vist en ved 1 betegnet lukke kapsel, som er fremstillet af let plademetal og omfatter et cirkelformet øverste felt 2, der er omgivet af et buet overgangsområde 3. Et cylinderformet skørt 4 rager ned fra forbindelsesdelen 3 og ender i en nederste fri rand 5.In FIG. 1 and 2, a closure capsule designated at 1 is shown which is made of light sheet metal and comprises a circular top panel 2 surrounded by a curved transition area 3. A cylindrical skirt 4 protrudes from the connector 3 and ends in a bottom free edge 5.
20 En primær cirkelformet prægning 6 er udformet i det øverste felt 2 og forløber radialt udad, hvor det går over i det buede overgangsområde 3 over en svagt skråtstillet ydre trindel 7 og danner derved som tydeligt vist i fig. 4 en flad omvendt kanal 8. Yderligere er der anordnet en se-25 kundær prægning 9 i den primære prægning 6, og prægningen 9 er afgrænset ved en indre ring 10. Lukkekapslen 1 er yderligere forsynet med et greb 11, der forløber nedad fra skørtets frie rand 5 i en kort nakke 12, og forløber radialt udad og nedad i en bunddel 13, der er afsluttet 30 ved en trækring 14. Et par parallelle, udadprægede for stærkningsribber 15 forløber lodret fra bunddelen 13 over nakken 12 og skørtet 4 og ender ved det buede overgangsområde 3.A primary circular embossment 6 is formed in the upper field 2 and extends radially outwardly, passing into the curved transition region 3 over a slightly oblique outer step 7, thereby forming as clearly shown in FIG. 4, a flat reverse channel 8. In addition, a secondary embossing 9 is provided in the primary embossing 6 and embossing 9 is delimited by an inner ring 10. The closure cap 1 is further provided with a handle 11 extending downwardly from the skirt. free rim 5 in a short neck 12, extending radially outwardly and downwardly in a bottom portion 13 terminated 30 by a pull ring 14. A pair of parallel, outwardly projecting ribs 15 extend vertically from the bottom portion 13 over the neck 12 and skirt 4 and ends. at the curved transition area 3.
Et par ved 18 betegnede svæknings linier er udformet 35 i kapsellegemet og er i den viste udførelsesform mere præcis udformet i kapslens ydre flade, men ifølge op- o 4 147675 findelsen er det tillige muligt at anvende indre svæknings-linier. Begge svækningslinier udgår fra et hak 17, der er udformet i skørtranden 7 på begge sider af nakkedelen 12.A pair of attenuated lines of weakening is formed 35 in the capsule body and, in the embodiment shown, is more precisely formed in the outer surface of the capsule, but according to the invention it is also possible to use internal weakening lines. Both lines of weakening start from a notch 17 formed in the skirt edge 7 on both sides of the neck portion 12.
Fra hakkene 17 forløber svækningslinierne 18 opad over 5 kapselskørtet 4. Når svækningslinierne er nået frem til det buede overgangsområde 3, afbøjes de i retning bort fra hinanden ved området 19 og går over i krumme baner, som det er angivet ved henvisningstal 20 i fig. 2, hvorved svækningslinierne følger den krumme forbindelsesdel 10 20, som omgiver omkredsen af kapslens øverste felt 2. Om rådet 20 med de krumme svækningslinier er anbragt således inde i det buede overgangsområde 3, at de danner den omvendte kanal 8's yderste kant 3a. Hver svækningslinie 20 fortsætter langs en krum bane til et punkt, der danner 15 en vinkel på i det væsentlige 45° med kapslens midter linie, hvorpå de afbøjes radialt udad ved området 21, idet de ender i et kapselskørt 4, som forløber på kapslens bort fra grebet 11 vendende side.From the notches 17, the weakening lines 18 extend upwardly above the capsule skirt 4. When the weakening lines have reached the curved transition area 3, they deflect in a direction away from each other at the area 19 and go into curved paths, as indicated by reference numeral 20 in FIG. 2, whereby the weakening lines follow the curved connecting portion 10 20 which surrounds the perimeter of the upper field 2. of the capsule. The region 20 with the curved weakening lines is positioned within the curved transition region 3 to form the outer edge 3a of the inverted channel 8. Each line of weakening 20 continues along a curved path to a point forming an angle of substantially 45 ° with the center line of the capsule, which deflects radially outwardly at the region 21, ending in a capsule skirt 4 extending on the away of the capsule. from the handle 11 facing side.
En tætningsring 22, der fortrinsvis består af vinyl-20 harpiksplastisol, der udformes på stedet inde i kapslens indre. Som det tydeligt er vist i fig. 4 udfylder tætningsringen 22 fulstændigt den smalle rundtgående kanal 8, der er dannet mellem trindelen 7 og af en del af overgangsområdet 3, der er anbragt oven over svækningslinien 25 20. Denne udformning af tætningsringen medfører, at svæk ningslinien 20 er udækket i området lige under tætningsringens ydre rand, medens tætningsringens indre rand forløber radialt indad fra kanalen 8 og danner en effektiv øvre tætning, når den er anbragt på en beholder. Ved at 30 placere svækningslinien helt uden for tætningsringen op nås, at svækningsliniens område er fuldstændigt beskyttet mod kontakt med det emballerede produkt, uden at dette giver enledning til en omkostningsfordyrende efterfølgende overtrækning. En sådan beskyttelse er ofte nød-35A sealing ring 22, preferably comprised of vinyl-20 resin plastisol, formed in situ within the interior of the capsule. As is clearly shown in FIG. 4, the sealing ring 22 completely fills the narrow circumferential channel 8 formed between the step portion 7 and a portion of the transition area 3 disposed above the weakening line 25 20. This design of the sealing ring 20 causes the weakening line 20 to be uncovered in the region just below the outer edge of the sealing ring, while the inner edge of the sealing ring extends radially inwardly from the channel 8 and forms an effective upper seal when placed on a container. By positioning the weakening line completely outside the sealing ring, it is achieved that the area of the weakening line is completely protected from contact with the packaged product, without giving rise to a costly subsequent coating. Such protection is often emergency-35
OISLAND
147676 5 vendig, hvor en manglende produkttolerance kan give anledning til et kemisk angreb på lukkekapslens grundmetal, hvilket vil medføre en beskadigelse af det emballerede produkt. Selv om der er tilvejebragt svækningslinier på 5 kapslens ydre flade, vil der stadig ske en vis beskadigel se af overtrækkets indre flade, der derfor må beskyttes.In such cases, a lack of product tolerance may give rise to a chemical attack on the base metal of the closure capsule, which will cause damage to the packaged product. Although weakening lines are provided on the outer surface of the capsule, there will still be some damage to the inner surface of the coating, which must therefore be protected.
I fig. 5 er der vist en flaske 23, som er forsynet med en rundtgående fortykket læbe 24, der omgiver flaskehalsens åbning. Lukkekapslen 1 ifølge opfindelsen er 10 her vist i en mellemste åbnestilling, hvor kapslen er revet op i den åbne stilling, men endnu ikke fuldstændig adskilt fra den underliggende flaskelæbe 24.In FIG. 5, a bottle 23 is shown which is provided with a circumferentially thickened lip 24 surrounding the opening of the bottle neck. The closure capsule 1 according to the invention is shown here in an intermediate open position where the capsule is torn open in the open position, but not yet completely separated from the underlying bottle lip 24.
Ud over de allerede nævnte, fra svækningsliniemøn-steret hidrørende fordele åbnes og fjernes kapslen til-15 svarende nemmere. Ved de kendte kapsler har der været tale om en væsentlig afrivningsmodstand, når overrivningen af tætningsringen 22 indledes og når denne gennemrives, medens kapslen afrives fra den underliggende flaskehals.In addition to the advantages mentioned above, from the weakening line pattern, advantages of the capsule are opened and removed correspondingly easier. In the known capsules, there has been a significant tear-off resistance when the tearing of the sealing ring 22 is initiated and when it is torn through, while the capsule is torn from the underlying bottle neck.
Som det fremgår af det foregående, vil forholdet mellem 20 tætningsringen og svækningslinierne ved en i overensstem melse med opfindelsen udformet kapsel, fuldstændig undgå enhver form for afrivning gennem det forholdsvis seje tætningsringmateriale. Den eneste afrivningskraft, der er nødvendig for at fjerne kapslen fra flasken, er den kraft, 25 som er nødvendig for at overrive den meget tynde del af det tilbageblivende metal bagved svækningslinierne.As can be seen from the foregoing, the relationship between the sealing ring and the weakening lines of a capsule formed in accordance with the invention will completely avoid any tearing through the relatively cool sealing ring material. The only tear force needed to remove the capsule from the bottle is the force 25 needed to tear the very thin portion of the remaining metal behind the lines of weakness.
Et i overensstemmelse med opfindelsen opbygget svæk-ningsliniemønster har vist sig at tilvejebringe en betydelig nemmere måde til fjernelse af den åbnede kapsel fra 30 flasken. Denne lettere fjernelse af kapslen er tilvejebragt ved at nedsætte den tilbageblevne kapseldels evne til at gribe fat i den underliggende flaskelæbe 24 til et minimum. Med svækningsliniemønsteret ifølge opfindelsen er det kun et smalt metalbånd, der består af en skørtdel 4 og 35 den tilbageblevne del af det afrundede overgangsområde 3, 147675 6A weakening line pattern constructed in accordance with the invention has been found to provide a significantly easier way of removing the opened capsule from the bottle. This easier removal of the capsule is accomplished by minimizing the ability of the remaining capsule to grasp the underlying bottle lip 24. With the weakening line pattern of the invention, only a narrow metal band consisting of a skirt portion 4 and 35 is the remaining portion of the rounded transition region 3.
OISLAND
som stadig er i indgreb med flaskelæben efter afrivningen. Afrivningsoperationen fuldendes, når metallet er afrevet langs svækningsliniernes 20's hele udstrækning, og når endepunkterne ved den bort fra afrivningsfligen vendende 5 side er nået. En fortsættelse af den normale traskkraft, der er påført trækringen 14, tvinger derpå den forholdsvis tynde tilbageblevne kapseldel til fuldstændig og nem adskillelse fra den underliggende flaskelæbe 24, og hvorved der undgås en uønsket opbrusning eller et tab af det 10 emballerede produkt.which still engages the bottle lip after tearing. The tear-off operation is completed when the metal is torn along the full extent of the weakening lines 20 and when the end points at the side facing away from the tear-off tab are reached. A continuation of the normal thrust applied to the pull ring 14 then forces the relatively thin remaining capsule portion to completely and easily separate from the underlying bottle lip 24, thereby avoiding an undesirable effervescence or loss of the packaged product.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US05/667,266 US4003488A (en) | 1975-05-29 | 1976-03-15 | Tear open bottle cap |
US66726676 | 1976-03-15 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DK538476A DK538476A (en) | 1977-09-16 |
DK147675B true DK147675B (en) | 1984-11-12 |
DK147675C DK147675C (en) | 1985-05-13 |
Family
ID=24677515
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DK538476A DK147675C (en) | 1976-03-15 | 1976-11-30 | EASY REMOVABLE COVER OF EASY METAL |
Country Status (27)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (2) | JPS52112480A (en) |
AR (1) | AR212247A1 (en) |
AT (1) | AT358939B (en) |
AU (1) | AU497391B2 (en) |
BE (1) | BE846871A (en) |
BR (1) | BR7607339A (en) |
CA (1) | CA1078781A (en) |
CH (1) | CH611224A5 (en) |
DE (1) | DE2659243A1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK147675C (en) |
EG (1) | EG14089A (en) |
ES (1) | ES234647Y (en) |
FI (1) | FI64329C (en) |
FR (1) | FR2344463A1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1561073A (en) |
GR (1) | GR61778B (en) |
IE (1) | IE44386B1 (en) |
IT (1) | IT1081921B (en) |
MX (1) | MX145153A (en) |
NL (1) | NL171880C (en) |
NO (1) | NO143841C (en) |
NZ (1) | NZ182092A (en) |
PH (1) | PH12581A (en) |
PT (1) | PT65818B (en) |
SE (1) | SE428366B (en) |
YU (1) | YU40150B (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA765550B (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS60157640U (en) * | 1983-11-28 | 1985-10-21 | 株式会社 高見王冠 | katsupu crown |
IT1180698B (en) * | 1984-04-12 | 1987-09-23 | Italcaps Spa | CAPSULE FOR BOTTLES |
JPH0420761Y2 (en) * | 1985-06-17 | 1992-05-12 | ||
JPH0829786B2 (en) * | 1986-01-22 | 1996-03-27 | 日本クラウンコルク株式会社 | Metal container lid |
SE8604926D0 (en) * | 1986-11-17 | 1986-11-18 | Wicanders Kapsyl Ab | REMOVABLE CAPSYL |
US5265746A (en) * | 1991-07-05 | 1993-11-30 | Lee Jeong M | Bottle cap having integral opener |
IT201600109454A1 (en) | 2016-10-28 | 2018-04-28 | Pelliconi & C Spa | CLOSURE CLOSURE FOR CONTAINERS. |
IT202100020825A1 (en) * | 2021-08-02 | 2023-02-02 | Sacmi | Method and apparatus for the production of removable closures |
-
1976
- 1976-09-14 IE IE2049/76A patent/IE44386B1/en unknown
- 1976-09-15 ZA ZA765550A patent/ZA765550B/en unknown
- 1976-09-16 GB GB38421/76A patent/GB1561073A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-09-17 AU AU17881/76A patent/AU497391B2/en not_active Expired
- 1976-09-17 NZ NZ182092A patent/NZ182092A/en unknown
- 1976-09-21 CA CA261,732A patent/CA1078781A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-09-23 CH CH1209776A patent/CH611224A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-09-27 AR AR264874A patent/AR212247A1/en active
- 1976-09-29 FI FI762772A patent/FI64329C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-10-01 BE BE171182A patent/BE846871A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-10-06 MX MX166578A patent/MX145153A/en unknown
- 1976-10-07 JP JP12079376A patent/JPS52112480A/en active Pending
- 1976-10-12 NO NO763469A patent/NO143841C/en unknown
- 1976-10-13 NL NLAANVRAGE7611310,A patent/NL171880C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-10-13 ES ES1976234647U patent/ES234647Y/en not_active Expired
- 1976-10-14 YU YU2522/76A patent/YU40150B/en unknown
- 1976-10-27 EG EG660/76A patent/EG14089A/en active
- 1976-10-29 BR BR7607339A patent/BR7607339A/en unknown
- 1976-11-10 PT PT65818A patent/PT65818B/en unknown
- 1976-11-10 AT AT833576A patent/AT358939B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-11-16 SE SE7612795A patent/SE428366B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-11-24 FR FR7635330A patent/FR2344463A1/en active Granted
- 1976-11-30 DK DK538476A patent/DK147675C/en active
- 1976-12-24 DE DE19762659243 patent/DE2659243A1/en not_active Ceased
-
1977
- 1977-01-19 PH PH19361A patent/PH12581A/en unknown
- 1977-03-07 IT IT48336/77A patent/IT1081921B/en active
- 1977-03-15 GR GR53001A patent/GR61778B/en unknown
-
1980
- 1980-09-26 JP JP1980137039U patent/JPS5723328Y2/ja not_active Expired
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