DK145835B

DK145835B - COLLECTORS

Info

Publication number: DK145835B
Application number: DK84778AA
Authority: DK
Inventors: R Heller; P Kuehne
Original assignee: Contraves Ag
Priority date: 1977-03-02
Filing date: 1978-02-24
Publication date: 1983-03-14
Also published as: CH600267A5; AU513275B2; IT1092817B; IN148442B; IL54083A0; ES467252A1; SE435962B; SU760902A3; FR2382653A1; DE2807804B2; SE7802229L; NL7801731A; BR7801246A; AT365330B; ATA113878A; BE864172A; FR2382653B1; MX147325A; JPS53109238A; DK84778A

Description

145835 i145835 i

Opfindelsen angår en solfanger til at frembringe udnyttelig væskevarme og af den i indledningen til kravet angivne art.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The invention relates to a solar collector for generating recoverable liquid heat and of the kind specified in the preamble to the claim.

Solfangere af denne art er eksempelvis kendt fra fransk patentansøgning nr. 2.269.038, tysk patentskrift nr.Collectors of this kind are known, for example, from French Patent Application No. 2,269,038, German Pat.

5 231.294 og US patentskrift nr. 2.907.318. Fremstillingen af sådanne kendte solfangere er dog ikke økonomisk optimal, da de ikke udnytter konstruktionsmuligheden med plast og/ eller skumstoffer. Især er væskeledningerne og de termisk isolerede vægge projekteret og monteret uafhængigt af hin-10 anden.No. 5,231,294 and U.S. Patent No. 2,907,318. However, the production of such known solar collectors is not economically optimal as they do not utilize the design opportunity with plastic and / or foam materials. In particular, the fluid lines and the thermally insulated walls are designed and mounted independently of each other.

Fra US-PS 3.943.911 kendes en solfanger, yed hvilken f ødevands- og afgangsledningerne for den cirkulerende væske for bedre varmeisolering er indlejret i en bagvæg. Den i det væsentlige plane kollektorflade er anbragt parallel med og 15 i umiddelbar nærhed af bagvæggen. Den cirkulerende væske opvarmes i rummet mellem bagvæggen og kollektorfladen. Kol-lektorfladen og bagvæggen er indbyrdes fast forbundet. Kol-lektorfladens stive og rummelige placering tæt ved bagvæggen har imidlertid den mangel, at man specielt ikke kan 2Q realisere en drejning af kollektorfladen.From US Pat. No. 3,943,911, a collector is known in which the feed water and outlet lines for the circulating liquid for better heat insulation are embedded in a back wall. The substantially flat collector surface is arranged parallel to and 15 in the immediate vicinity of the rear wall. The circulating fluid is heated in the space between the back wall and the collector surface. The collector surface and the rear wall are interconnected. However, the rigid and spacious position of the collector surface close to the back wall has the disadvantage that one cannot especially realize a rotation of the collector surface.

Fra DE-OS 2.628.557 kendes en solfanger, hvor en cylindrisk kollektorflade omgiver et rør, hvorigennem der strømmer en væske. Kollektorfladen er umiddelbart fast forbundet med et isolerende og bærende grundmateriale, hvorigennem også føde-25 vands- og afgangsledningerne for den cirkulerende væske delvis er ført. Den kompakte anbringelse af kollektorflade, føde-vands- og afgangsledninger og det bærende grundmateriale har den mangel, at man ikke kan gennemføre en til optimal udnyttelse af strålingsenergi fordelagtig drejning af kollektor-30 fladerne.From DE-OS 2,628,557 a collector is known in which a cylindrical collector surface surrounds a pipe through which a liquid flows. The collector surface is immediately firmly connected to an insulating and supportive base material through which the feed and outlet lines of the circulating liquid are also partially passed. The compact arrangement of collector surfaces, feed water and outlet lines and the supporting base material has the disadvantage that it is not possible to carry out an advantageous rotation of the collector surfaces for the optimal use of radiant energy.

Det er den foreliggende opfindelses formål at udvikle en 145835 2 solfanger, ved hvilken væskeledningerne ved samvirke med isolationsvæggene på økonomisk måde sikrer solfangerens nødvendige styrke og stivhed.It is the object of the present invention to develop a solar collector, in which the liquid conduits, in cooperation with the insulation walls, economically ensure the necessary strength and stiffness of the solar collector.

For at tilgodese dette formål er den indledningsvist omtalte 5 solfanger ifølge opfindelsen ejendommelig ved det i den kendetegnende del af krav 1 anførte.For the purpose of this purpose, the initially mentioned 5 solar collectors according to the invention are characterized by the features of the characterizing part of claim 1.

Opfindelsen skal forklares nærmere i det følgende under henvisning til tegningen; på denne viser fig. 1 skematisk i perspektiv en i og for sig kendt absorber 10 til en solfanger med fødevands- og afgangsledninger, samt med rør og disse opvarmende spejle, fig. 2 et tværsnit gennem den armerede længdevæg med afgangsledningen og de tilstødende for- og bagvægdele med et af rørene,set fra siden,og det tilknyttede spejl, og i for-15 enklet fremstilling en drivmekanisme i en udførelsesform for solfangeren ifølge opfindelsen, og fig. 3 et tværsnit gennem et rør, de tilsvarende dele af for-og bagvæggen og med et tilknyttet spejl vendt fremad og et delvis snit gennem drivmekanismen derfor, ifølge opfindelsen.The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings; FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic perspective view of an absorber 10 known per se for a collector with feed and discharge lines, as well as with pipes and these heating mirrors; 2 is a cross-section through the reinforced longitudinal wall with the discharge line and the adjacent front and rear wall portions of one of the tubes, seen from the side, and the associated mirror, and in simplified form a drive mechanism in one embodiment of the collector according to the invention; and FIG. 3 is a cross-section through a pipe, the corresponding parts of the front and rear walls and with an associated mirror facing forward and a partial section through the drive mechanism thereof, according to the invention.

20 Fig. 1 viser skematisk et perspektivdelbillede af de vigtigste hoveddele af en kendt absorber 1 til en solfanger. De omfatter nederst en horisontal fødevandsledning 11 og en dermed parallel og på et højere niveau anbragt afgangsledning 12 for det opvarmede vand. På tværs heraf er der i indbyrdes 25 afstand indbygget strålingsabsorberende rør 13, der ligger i et fælles plan. Deres akser falder sammen med fokusaksen for hvert sit tilknyttede parabolcylindriske spejl 14, der på kendt måde drejes efter den øjeblikkelige position, således at hvert rør ved solskin bestråles af fokuseret sollys, 30 der falder ind på spejlfladerne. Derved opvarmes væsken i 3 145335 rørene og føres til afgangsledningen 12 som stigende konvek-stionsstrømme.FIG. 1 schematically shows a perspective sectional view of the main body parts of a known absorber 1 for a collector. They comprise at the bottom a horizontal feed water line 11 and a discharge line 12 for the heated water parallel and located at a higher level. Across them, there are radially absorbing tubes 13 spaced apart, located in a common plane. Their axes coincide with the axis of focus of each of its associated satellite cylindrical mirrors 14, which are known in a known manner to the instantaneous position, so that each tube of sunshine is irradiated by focused sunlight 30 which falls on the mirror surfaces. Thereby, the liquid in the tubes is heated and fed to the outlet line 12 as increasing convection currents.

Fig. 2 viser et tværsnit set fra siden af en solfanger med et i et lukket kvadratisk hulrum 2 anbragt rør 13 med til-5 hørende spejl 14, samt i tværsnit en afgangsledning 12. Den mod solen vendende side er et vindue 21 med glasruder, i givet fald også til forbedring af isolationen en dobbeltrude som forvæg, og bagvæggen 22 består af en varmeisolerende hårdskumsplade eller lignende, hvis inderside er sværtet. Som 10 bærekonstruktion for forsidevinduet 21 og bagvæggen 22 tjener en selvbærende rammekonstruktion bestående af to længdevægge 23 og to tværvægge 24, der eksempelvis består af varmeisolerende hårdskumsmateriale. Som bærende armering er afgangs-henholdsvis fødevandsledningerne 12 henholdsvis 11 indlejret 15 i længdevæggen 23.FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional side view of a collector with a tube 13 with mirror 14 attached to a closed square cavity 2, and in cross section a discharge line 12. The sun facing side is a window 21 with glass panes, given also for improving the insulation a double pane as a front wall and the back wall 22 consists of a heat insulating hard foam plate or the like, the inside of which is hardened. As a support structure for the front window 21 and the rear wall 22, a self-supporting frame structure consists of two longitudinal walls 23 and two transverse walls 24, which consist, for example, of heat insulating hard foam material. As the supporting reinforcement, the outlet and feed water lines 12 and 11, respectively, are embedded 15 in the longitudinal wall 23.

Som vist i fig. 2 er der på hvert rør 13 ved hjælp af et navleje 32 drejeligt lejret et kædehjul 31. Mellem navet 32 og spejlet 14's forvæg 140 omtrent ved fremvisningstallet 33 er der indrettet en drivindretning, således at de med en 20 fælles indstillingsmotor forbundne kædehjul 31’s tilknyttede spejl kan drejes efter den skiftende solstilling.As shown in FIG. 2, a sprocket 31 is rotatably mounted on each tube 13 by means of a hub bearing 32. Between the hub 32 and the front wall 140 of the mirror 14 approximately at the display number 33, a driving device is arranged so that the associated sprockets 31 of the sprocket 31 connected to a common adjustment motor can be rotated according to the changing sun position.

Fig. 3 viser et tværsnit gennem et rør 13 med det tilknyttede spejl, hvor dets forvæg 140 er vist fra siden. Kædehjulet 31 og en drivkæde 310 samt de tilhørende nav 32 er ligele-25 des vist fra siden. Det er også angivet, hvorledes spejlet 14 i løbet af en dag svinges fra morgenstilling M via den fuldt optrukne middagsstilling til aftenstillingen A, og hvorledes sollyset S fra spejlet 14 fokuseres på det tilknyttede rør 13.FIG. 3 shows a cross-section through a pipe 13 with the associated mirror, its front wall 140 being shown from the side. The sprocket 31 and a drive sprocket 310 as well as the associated hubs 32 are also shown from the side. It is also indicated how during one day the mirror 14 is swung from morning position M via the fully drawn-out dinner position to evening position A, and how the sunlight S from mirror 14 is focused on the associated tube 13.

30 Bagvæggen 22 kan også fremstilles af et transparent materiale for at oplyse et derunder liggende rum med diffust lys.The back wall 22 can also be made of a transparent material to illuminate a room with diffused light.

Claims

5 The shown collector can be designed with a total height of less than about 25-30 cm as easily manageable portable roof elements for buildings, whereby the exterior of the window 21 may only from time to time be cleaned. By choosing the degree of diffusion of the interior walls of the cavity and by determining the proportion of radiation light, it is far possible to ensure an optimal operation under special conditions. Solar collector for generating utilizable liquid heat, comprising a horizontal, lower level and higher level feed water, a parallel liquid discharge line 15, and an absorber with radially absorbing, the feed water pipe with the discharge line whose axes coincide a focusing axis of a parabolic cylindrical mirror associated with each tube, wherein all the mirrors driven by a motor can rotate their focusing axis to focus incident solar radiation on the associated tube at any time, and if heated liquid content is directed to the outlet line as convection flow, and the absorber as a whole is built into a cavity closed to all sides, the front wall 25 of which is designed as a window which largely permits uninterrupted passage of the solar radiation, and whose longitudinal and transverse walls and back walls consist of thermally insulating material, characterized in that absorber (1) feed water and outlet seam (11, 12) is embedded as supporting reinforcement 30 in the longitudinal walls (23) and these longitudinal walls together with the transverse walls (24) connecting the longitudinal walls form a