DK143451B - SERVICE DETERGENTS - Google Patents

Description

(19) DENMARK

| J | Mi PRESENTATION OR 143451 B

DIRECTORATE OF THE PATENT AND TRADEMARKET SYSTEM

(21) Application No. 1912/73 (51) IntCI.3 C 11 0 1/34 (22) Filing Day 9 · & ΡΓ. 1973 (24) Running day 9 Apr 1973 (41) Aim. available Oct 23 1973 (44) Posted Aug 24 1981 (86) International Application No. - (86) International Filing Day - (85) Continuation Day - (62) Master Application No. -

(30) Priority Apr 22 1972 # 2219804 # DE

(71) Applicant HOECHST AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT # 6230 Frankfurt am Main 80, DE.

(72) Inventor Joachim Kandler, DE: Karl Merkenich # DE: Hannsjoerg

Ulrich, DE.

(74) Associate Engineering Company Budde, Schou & Co.

(54) Dishwashing detergents.

The invention relates to service dishwashing agents for use in dishwashers wherein the service dishwashing agents contain aliphatic pnosphoric acid mono- and / or diesters.

Dishwashing agents are known to be used in dishwashers.

OO Generally, the following composition is: ^ 40-70% by weight alkali metal polyphosphates, not * 20-45% by weight alkali metal silicates, ^ 0-10% by weight Na ^ O ^, r- 1-5% by weight surfactant, 1-2% by weight chlorine decomposing agent, Q 0 -5 wt.% Na 2 SO 4 and 0-15 wt.% Water.

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The surfactant composition specified in the above-mentioned detergent composition is usually an anionic or nonionic surfactant of the type alkylbenzenesulfonates, olefin sulfates, polyglycol ethers and the like. Such surfactants have the disadvantage that they favor the formation of foam in the dishwasher and thereby reduce the cleaning effect on the dishwasher and that they act corrosively to the dishwasher and dishwasher and cause damage. In addition, the above-mentioned known surfactants when storing the detergent composition cause a partial decomposition of the chlorine-splitting substance, which is seen in the changing color of the detergent.

To prevent foaming of the dishwashing process, dishwashing detergents with a foam-inhibiting additive have already been proposed. Such a service detergent is e.g. described in German Publication No. 2,022,501 · It contains, in addition to the usual detergent components, such as basic substance, sodium silicate and chlorine bleach, 1-3.5% by weight of a condensation product of a fatty alcohol and ethylene oxide as surfactant and 0.3- 0.5% by weight of an alkyl or alkenyl hydrogen phosphate having 16-18 carbon atoms in the alkyl braking foam group, the phosphate consisting up to 100-50¾ of monoalkyl or monoalkenyl phosphate and up to 0-50¾ of dialkyl or dialkenyl phosphate.

Dishwashers of the above composition, due to their content of alkyl or alkenyl hydrogen phosphate, have the advantage of being low-foaming, but they also, subject to the surfactant component, also cause no corrosion of the dishwasher and dishwasher, as well as premature, partially decomposing it. contained in the dishwashing detergent, ehlorobold bleach.

It has now been found that the disadvantages of the known dishwashing agents can be substantially mitigated by renouncing the addition of a conventional tenaid component in the dishwashing liquid and eliciting the cleaning effect induced by the surfactant component by adding a certain amount of a mixture of certain monoesters and diesters. of orthophosphoric acid. The phosphoric acid ester mixture thereby fulfills a dual function, firstly it acts surfactant analogously to the conventional surfactant component and secondly prevents foam formation in the dishwasher.

The invention thus relates to a service dishwashing detergent consisting of 3 143Λ51 50-60% by weight of an alkaline sequestrant builder salt, 30-40% by weight anhydrous sodium silicate, 0-7% by weight anhydrous soda, 0.5-2% by weight of an active chlorine-containing bleach, 0-10% by weight. by weight of crystalline water and 1 to 2% by weight of a mixture of a monoester and a diester of the ortho-phosphoric acid, which detergent is characterized in that the alcohol component of the esters is isopropanol, n-butanol, a mixture of 2-methyl-1-dodecanol and n-tridecanol or the addition product of 1 mole of tri-butylcarbinol with 15 moles of ethylene oxide.

In the present dishwasher formulation, the builder salt can e.g. be sodium tripolyphosphate. It has further been found advantageous to use potassium or sodium dichloroisocyanurate as chlorine-splitting bleach. A particularly effective detergent is characterized by the following combination of detergent components: 53% by weight sodium tripolyphosphate, 35% by weight anhydrous sodium metasilicate, 5% by weight anhydrous sodium carbonate, 1% by weight potassium dichloroisocyanurate, 4% by weight crystal acid and 2% by weight phosphorus.

The cleaning effect of such a detergent extends to the most diverse soils of the dishwasher, such as soils of tea, coffee, eggs, tomato juice, lipstick, porridge, oatmeal, spinach or fat. To remove the aforementioned dirt, a detergent amount of approx. 4 g per liters of dishwashing water sufficient. A 1-2% by weight aqueous solution of the present dishwashing detergent has a pH of approx. 12th

The preparation of the phosphoric acid ester mixture contained in the dishwashing agent can be carried out according to methods known per se, e.g. in accordance with the procedure of German Patent No. 1,226,101.

The use of the present phosphoric acid ester mixture as a surfactant composition for detergent compositions must be considered surprising, because it was not expected that such esters, in addition to their known antifoam properties in the dishwasher, also unfolded surfactant properties. The latter conditions do not apply to all phosphoric acid esters, especially to such esters whose alcoholic component is of an aromatic nature or consists of closely linked aliphatic groups because these esters have too little water solubility or are poorly dispersible in the latter.

The technical progress of the dishwashing detergents in question is that, due to the content of phosphoric acid esters, they do not make the addition of a conventional surfactant to the detergent superfluous. The detergent according to the invention is superior to the known detergents with respect to the cleaning effect and the foam ratio. In addition, it seems less corrosive to the dishwasher and dishwasher. In addition, it has improved storage stability in that it does not or only negatively affect the decomposition of chlorine from the detergent's active chlorine.

The following examples will illustrate the invention in more detail.

Example 1

The purification effect of a dishwashing detergent having the following composition is tested: 53% by weight sodium tripolyphosphate, 35% by weight sodium metasilicate3 5% by weight sodium carbonate, 4% by weight crystal water3 1% by weight potassium dihydrochloride ionurate and

2% by weight of one of the following with A3 B, C and D

designated phosphoric acid esters as surfactant component.

A = mixture of phosphoric acid mono- and diisopropyl ester with a density of 1j42 / 20 ° C.

B = mixture of phosphoric acid mono- and di-n-butyl ester with a density of 1.13 / 20 ° C.

C = mixture of phosphoric acid mono- and diesters of isotridecanol with a density of 0398/20 ° C.

D = mixture of phosphoric acid mono- and diester of the addition product of 1 mole of tributylcarbinol and 15 moles of ethylene oxide. The acid number of the mixture is 38 mg and 63 mg KOH / g substance.

As a dishwasher, a household dishwasher service is introduced with various soils, such as tea, coffee, eggs, tomato juice, lipstick, porridge, oatmeal, spinach and fat. The dishwasher contains 4 g of detergent per liter.

5 U3451

The cleaning effect of the detergents used is assessed by means of an assessment scale whose highest rating is 300. The figures obtained for the individual test washing processes are listed in Table 1, Table 1 also shows the cleaning effect of a detergent with the pre-described composition * surfactant (E) is used a usual mixture of 1.6% by weight of the reaction product of 1 mole of stearyl alcohol and 15 moles of ethylene oxide and 0.4% by weight of phosphoric acid monostearyl ester.

Table 1

Surfactant A B C D E

Assessment figures 288 284 289 288 276

According to Table 1, using the surfactants in question here, higher ratings are obtained than with the comparison surfactant E, ie. that the surfactants in question cause an improvement in the cleaning effect in the detergent.

Example 2

The influence is tested by the surfactants A, B, C and D mentioned in Example 1 on the corrosion of the dishes, such as porcelain and metals.

For this purpose, the dishwasher is washed up to 250 times under the conditions described in Example 1. Porcelain is not damaged by the detergents in question, while for the metals Cu, Al, Al / Mg alloy with 3 # Mg, steel, stainless steel and Ag only the Al / Mg alloy is strongly corroded. Otherwise, the metal wear is less than 0.01% by weight.

Example 3

Analogous to Example 1, we proceed and foam formation is observed in the individual washing processes. As a dishwasher served a machine whose front consists of a glass pane. In assessing the foam ratio, the speed of the dishwasher rotor, the decay rate of the foam formed after the machine is switched off, and the absolute foam height above the dishwasher are taken into account.

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The surfactants A, B and C can be termed ideal because they cause almost no foaming. In the case of surfactant D, a slight to moderate foam of the dishwasher is detected. After disconnecting the machine, the foam height is approx. 5 cm. The foam dissolves in 1-2 minutes. In the case of surfactant E, the foam height after switching off the machine ea. 5 cm. After 25 minutes the foam has only collapsed to approx. The half.

Example 4

The storage stability of potassium dichloroisoeyanurate is measured in various mixtures containing the surfactants A, B, C, D and E. The test mixtures have the following composition: 2 parts by weight of surfactants A or B, C, D or E, 1 parts by weight of potassium dichloroisoeyanurate, 35 parts by weight sodium metasilicate, 53 parts by weight sodium tripolyphosphate , 5 parts by weight of sodium carbonate and 4 parts by weight of crystal water.

The above mixtures are stored in closed bottles for one week and then iodometrically the relative chlorine loss or residual chlorine content of the individual mixtures is determined. The values obtained are summarized in the following table:

Table 2

Tenside ABODE

relative chlorine loss (%) 7.8 3.5 3.8 0 6.4

From Table 2 it can be seen that the surfactants B, C and D disclosed herein reduce the storage stability of potassium dichloroisoeyanurate in detergent compositions substantially less than the known surfactant E. Tenside A shows an effect which is approximately comparable to the effect of surfactant E. Nevertheless, with regard to the test results explained in Examples 1-3, surfactant A is to be considered as a technical advance over surfactant E.