DK143376B - OVERVOLTAGE DISCHARGES - Google Patents
OVERVOLTAGE DISCHARGES Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DK143376B DK143376B DK63076AA DK63076A DK143376B DK 143376 B DK143376 B DK 143376B DK 63076A A DK63076A A DK 63076AA DK 63076 A DK63076 A DK 63076A DK 143376 B DK143376 B DK 143376B
- Authority
- DK
- Denmark
- Prior art keywords
- connection
- overvoltage
- arrester
- wire
- line
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T1/00—Details of spark gaps
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T1/00—Details of spark gaps
- H01T1/14—Means structurally associated with spark gap for protecting it against overload or for disconnecting it in case of failure
Landscapes
- Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
- Massaging Devices (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
Description
/fja (19) DANMARK \5?/ fja (19) DENMARK \ 5?
|j| (12) FREMLÆGGELSESSKRIFT od 143376 B| j | (12) PRESENTATION LETTER od 143376 B
DIREKTORATET FOR PATENT- 06 VAREMÆRKEVÆSENETDIRECTORATE OF THE PATENT- 06 TRADEMARK
(21) Ansøgning nr. 63Ο/76 (51) (nt.CI.3 H 01 T 1/00 (22) Indleveringsdag 17· feb. 1976 (24) Løbedag 17- fet. 1976 (41) Aim. tilgængelig 19· aug. 1 976 (44) Fremlagt 10. au£. 1981 (86) International ansøgning nr. - (86) International indleveringsdag - (85) Videreførelsesdag - (62) Stamansøgning nr. -(21) Application No. 63Ο / 76 (51) (nt.CI.3 H 01 T 1/00 (22) Filing Date 17 · Feb. 1976 (24) Running Day 17-Feb. 1976 (41) Aim. Available 19 · Aug. 976 (44) Submitted Aug. 10, 1981 (86) International Application No. - (86) International Filing Date - (85) Submission Date - (62) Master Application No. -
(30) Prioritet 18. feb. 1975, 7501759, SE(30) Priority 18 Feb. 1975, 7501759, SE
(71) Ansøger IFOE AB, S-295 00 Bromcella, SE.(71) Applicant IFOE AB, S-295 00 Bromcella, SE.
(72) Opfinder Karl Bertil Olssor., SE: Tore Nilsson, SE.(72) Inventor Karl Bertil Olssor., SE: Tore Nilsson, SE.
(74) Fuldmægtig Ingeniørfirmaet Hofman-Bang & Boutard.(74) Plenipotentiary Engineering Company Hofman-Bang & Boutard.
(54) Overspændings afleder.(54) Surge arrester.
Opfindelsen angår en overspændingsafleder bestående af et hus med modsatte, f.eks. ved hjælp af gnistgab eller på anden kendt måde mod hinanden isolerede tilslutninger til forbindelse med en strømførende leder, respektive jord, således at en i den strømførende leder, f.eks. ved lynudladning opstået overspænding kan afledes til jord, og hvor den ene tilslutning er fastgjort således til et sæde i huset, at den ved udløsning af overspændingsaflederen kastes bort fra sædet.The invention relates to a surge arrester consisting of a housing with opposites, e.g. by means of spark gaps or in any other known manner insulated connections to each other for connection to a live conductor, respectively ground, so that in the live conductor, e.g. overvoltage caused by lightning discharge can be diverted to earth, and where one connection is attached so to a seat in the housing that it is thrown away from the seat when the overvoltage arrester is released.
DD
DD
v. Ved distribution af elkraft via luftledninger anvendes sådanne af- ^ ledere som beskyttelse mod overspændinger, der kan opstå f.eks. som t følge af lynudladninger og lignende. Aflederne fastgøres med den t a 2 143376 ene tilslutning direkte til den blanke luftledningstråd, medens den anden tilslutning, der som regel består af en isoleret, bøjelig ledning, forbindes med en jordledning, der normalt er anbragt på en luftledningsmast og er forbundet med ledningssystemets nulleder.v. When distributing electric power via overhead lines, such conductors are used as protection against overvoltages that may occur e.g. as a result of lightning discharges and the like. The diverters are attached with the t a 2 143376 one connection directly to the bare overhead line wire, while the other connection, which usually consists of an insulated, flexible line, is connected to a ground line, which is normally placed on an overhead line mast and connected to the neutral conductor of the line system.
I den senere tid anvendes ved distribution af lavspændingsstrøm i stigende omfang luftkabler bestående af snoede, isolerede ledninger. Ved denne type ledninger opstår imidlertid problemer ved anvendelsen af overspændingsafledere af den omhandlede art på grund af, at de er udstyret med et hylster eller fastgørelsesorgan, der er spændingsførende ved normal fastgørelse på ledningstråden. Man må derfor vende overspændingsaflederen således, at den tilslutning, der normalt tilsluttes til jord, forbindes med den spændingsførende leder. Dette indebærer imidlertid, at når aflederen er udløst, f.eks. når der optræder høje eller langvarige overspændinger i den tilhørende ledning, vil den med denne ledning forbundne, isolerede, bøjelige ledning, der udgør overspændingsaflederens ene tilslutning, komme til at hænge frit i ledningen og stå under spænding.In recent times, the distribution of low-voltage current has increasingly used air cables consisting of twisted, insulated wires. With this type of wiring, however, problems arise in the use of surge arresters of the type in question because they are equipped with a sheath or fastening means which is live during normal fastening to the wiring. The surge arrester must therefore be turned so that the connection that is normally connected to earth is connected to the live conductor. However, this implies that when the diverter is triggered, e.g. when high or prolonged overvoltages occur in the associated line, the insulated, flexible line connected to this line, which constitutes one connection of the surge arrester, will hang freely in the line and be live under voltage.
Der kendes fra USA patentskrift nr. 2 279 051 en over spændings afleder af den indledningsvis anførte art, der med henblik på at undgå den just anførte mangel ved de tidligere kendte afledere er konstrueret således, at den ved aflederens udløsning udkastede tilslutning bibeholder sit indgreb med aflederen, men således at dette sker i sikker afstand fra aflederens anden tilslutning. End-. videre afgives der ved udløsningen et visuelt signal om, at udløsningen har fundet sted. Denne kendte overspændingsafleder har imidlertid den mangel, at den udgør en specialkonstruktion, der ikke er anvendelig ved allerede kendte, i øvrigt pålidelige konstruktioner , at der ikke ved aflederen ifølge patentskriftet opnås tilstrækkelig sikker berøringsbeskyttelse, og at det ved udløsningen afgivne signal kun vil kunne iagttages indenfor en forholdsvis kort afstand.U.S. Pat. No. 2,279,051 discloses an overvoltage arrester of the type indicated at the outset, which is designed so as to avoid the aforementioned defect in the previously known arresters so that the connection ejected at the release of the arrester retains its engagement with the diverter, but so that this is done at a safe distance from the diverter's second connection. Than-. furthermore, at the release, a visual signal is given that the release has taken place. However, this known surge arrester has the disadvantage that it constitutes a special construction which is not applicable to already known, otherwise reliable constructions, that the conductor according to the patent specification is not obtained with sufficiently secure contact protection and that the signal emitted at tripping can only be observed. within a relatively short distance.
Det er på denne baggrund opfindelsens formål at anvise en overspændingsafleder af den omhandlede art, der er således udformet, at man med enkle midler Lindgår de foran omtalte mangler, hvormed de hidtil kendte afledere er behæftet, og dette opnås ifølge op-Against this background, it is the object of the invention to provide a surge arrester of the type in question, which is designed in such a way that the above-mentioned deficiencies with which the hitherto known arresters are encumbered are remedied by simple means, and this is achieved according to
, 14337D, 14337D
o findelsen ved, at den ene ende af et bælgformet organ omslutter en del af overspændingsaflederens hus, medens bælgens anden ende er forbundet med den i sædet fastgjorte tilslutning i afstand fra dennes med sædet forbundne ende, samt at bælgen er sammentrykket, når tilslutningen er 1 indgreb med sædet, og er udvidelig til mindst den dobbelte længde ved udløsning af aflederen for dels at bevirke opbremsning af den fra sædet bortkastede tilslutnings bevægelse i en forud bestemt afstand fra sædet, og dels at tilkendegive, at udløsningen har fundet sted.o the finding that one end of a bellows-shaped member encloses a part of the surge arrester housing, while the other end of the bellows is connected to the connection fixed in the seat at a distance from its end connected to the seat, and that the bellows is compressed when the connection is 1 engagement with the seat, and is expandable to at least twice the length when the deflector is released, in order to cause the movement of the connection discarded from the seat to be slowed down at a predetermined distance from the seat, and to indicate that the release has taken place.
Der opnås ved denne konstruktion med enkle midler en afleder, der kan anvendes ved kendte, i øvrigt pålidelige afledere, som yder mere sikker berøringsbeskyttelse, og hvis ved udløsningen afgivne signal er synligt tydeligere og i større afstand end tilfældet er ved de hidtil kendte afledere.With this construction, a diverter is obtained by simple means which can be used with known, otherwise reliable diverters, which provide more secure contact protection and whose signal emitted at the release is visibly clearer and at a greater distance than is the case with the hitherto known diverters.
Opfindelsen forklares nærmere i det følgende under henvisning til tegningen, hvis fig. 1 viser anvendelsen af kendte overspændingsafledere ved en sædvanlig luftledning med blanktråd, fig. 2 viser anvendelsen af sådanne afledere ved et kabel af snoede, isolerede ledninger, fig. 3 viser en overspændingsafleder ifølge opfindelsen tilsluttet en ledning af den i fig. 2 viste type, fig. 4 viser et antal overspændingsafledere ifølge opfindelsen tilsluttet en sådan ledning, og fig. 5 og 6 viser i snit en overspændingsafleder ifølge opfindelsen i normalstilling, henholdsvis i udløst tilstand.The invention is explained in more detail in the following with reference to the drawing, in which fig. 1 shows the use of known surge arresters in a conventional overhead line with blank wire, fig. Fig. 2 shows the use of such diverters by a cable of twisted, insulated wires; 3 shows a surge arrester according to the invention connected to a line of the device shown in fig. 2, FIG. Fig. 4 shows a number of surge arresters according to the invention connected to such a line, and 5 and 6 show in section an overvoltage arrester according to the invention in the normal position or in the tripped state, respectively.
Fig. 1 viser en elmast 10, som ved hjælp af isolatorer 12 bærer faseledere 11 og nulledere 27. Til faselederne er tilsluttet overspændingsafledere 13 ved hjælp af en tilslutning 16. Afledernes anden tilslutning 24, der består af en isoleret, bøjelig tråd, ér forbundet med en jordledning 26, der også er forbundet med nullederen 27. Fig. 2 viser et tilsvarende arrangement, hvor over- . 143376 4 spændingeafledeme 13 er forbundet med hver sin faseleder i et luftkabel 11*, bestående af snoede, isolerede ledningstråde. Ifølge fig. 2 er imidlertid overspændingsaflederne vendt således, at den bøjelige, isolerede tråd er forbundet med faselederen, medens aflederens anden tilslutning 16 er forbundet med jordledningen 26.FIG. 1 shows an electrical mast 10 which, by means of insulators 12, carries phase conductors 11 and neutral conductors 27. Overvoltage conductors 13 are connected to the phase conductors by means of a connection 16. The second connection 24 of the conductors, consisting of an insulated, flexible wire, is connected to a earth wire 26, which is also connected to the neutral conductor 27. FIG. 2 shows a similar arrangement in which over-. The voltage arresters 13 are connected to their respective phase conductors in an air cable 11 *, consisting of twisted, insulated wires. According to FIG. 2, however, the surge arresters are turned so that the flexible, insulated wire is connected to the phase conductor, while the second connection 16 of the arrester is connected to the ground wire 26.
Overspændingsaflederen 13» hvis konstruktion beskrives nærmere i det følgende, har til formål at aflede overspændinger, der kan opstå i en faseleder, f.eks. ved lynudladninger, til jord. Ved udløsning af aflederen, eksempelvis som følge af høje eller langvarige overspændinger, kastes den ene tilslutning, der her består af den bøjelige tråd 24, bort fra aflederen og bliver hængende i jordledningen (fig. l) resp. i faselederen (fig.2), visende, at en udløsning har fundet sted som følge af overspænding. I fig. 2 står tilslutningstråden 24 givetvis under spænding, hvilket kan medføre kortslutning og problemer med udskiftning af aflederen.The overvoltage arrester 13 ', the construction of which is described in more detail below, is intended to divert overvoltages which may occur in a phase conductor, e.g. by lightning discharges, to ground. When the diverter is tripped, for example as a result of high or prolonged overvoltages, the one connection, which here consists of the flexible wire 24, is thrown away from the diverter and remains suspended in the earth line (Fig. 1) or in the phase conductor (Fig. 2). , showing that a trip has occurred as a result of overvoltage. In FIG. 2, the connecting wire 24 is of course under voltage, which can lead to short circuits and problems with replacement of the arrester.
Den i fig. 5 og 6 i snit viste overspændingsafleder er i vidt omfang af kendt konstruktion og består af en krop 14 af et isolerende materiale og en om denne anbragt kappe 15 af metal, der er forbundet med et fastgørelsesorgan 16. I det af kroppen 14 og kappen 15 dannede hus findes et gnistgab 17 og en modstand 18. Kroppen 14 har en åbning 19, der danner et sæde, hvori en tap 20, der på sin mod gnistgabet vendende ende har et smelteligt materiale 21, f.eks. loddemateriale, rager ind, hvorved udtrækning af tappen 20 fra åbningen 19 normalt hindres. I nogen afstand fra den nævnte ende har tappen en ansats 23, og mellem denne ansats og den væg, hvori åbningen 19 findes, er anbragt en spiralfjeder 22. Den bøjelige ledning 24 er forbundet med tappen. Det vil ses, at når loddematerialet 21 smelter som følge af en af overspænding bevirket varmeudvikling i huset 14,15, vil tappen ved påvirkning af fjederen 22 blive kastet bort fra sædet, således at den i fig. 1 og 2 viste situation med løst hængende tilslutning 24 opstår.The device shown in FIG. 5 and 6 are sectional views of the surge arrester shown to a large extent and consist of a body 14 of an insulating material and a sheath 15 of metal arranged around it, which is connected to a fastening member 16. In the case of the body 14 and the sheath 15 formed housing there is a spark gap 17 and a resistor 18. The body 14 has an opening 19 forming a seat in which a pin 20 having at its end facing the spark gap a fusible material 21, e.g. solder material, protrudes, whereby pulling out of the pin 20 from the opening 19 is normally prevented. At some distance from said end, the pin has a shoulder 23, and between this shoulder and the wall in which the opening 19 is located, a helical spring 22 is arranged. The flexible wire 24 is connected to the pin. It will be seen that when the solder material 21 melts as a result of a heat development caused by overvoltage in the housing 14,15, the pin will be thrown away from the seat by actuation of the spring 22, so that in fig. 1 and 2 with loosely hanging connection 24 arises.
For at forhindre, at denne situation kan opstå, er ifølge opfindelsen den ene ende af et elastisk organ i form af en beskyttende bælg 28 fast forbundet med kroppen 14. Bælgens anden ende er lukket og har kun en åbning med en krave 29 til fastgørelse 5 143376 af tilslutningstråden 24 i afstand fra dennes ende som vist i fig. 5. Det vil ses, at hvis det smeltelige materiale 21 smelter som følge af varmeudvikling i huset 14,15, vil bælgen bremse den bortkastede tilslutningstråds bevægelse og standse den i en forudbestemt afstand fra sædet, således som vist i fig. 6. Denne afstand skal være tilstrækkelig stor til, at der ikke kan ske overslag mellem tilslutningstråden 24, resp. dennes tap 20 og dens anden tilslutning 16. Ved dette arrangement frigøres tilslutningstråden 24 således ikke helt fra overspændingsaflederen, og når udløsning har fundet sted, kan dette nemt iagttages ved, at bælgens længde er forøget til mindst det dobbelte.To prevent this situation from occurring, according to the invention one end of an elastic member in the form of a protective bellows 28 is fixedly connected to the body 14. The other end of the bellows is closed and has only one opening with a collar 29 for fastening 5 143376 of the connecting wire 24 at a distance from its end as shown in fig. 5. It will be seen that if the fusible material 21 melts due to heat generation in the housing 14,15, the bellows will slow down the movement of the discarded connecting wire and stop it at a predetermined distance from the seat, as shown in fig. 6. This distance must be sufficiently large that no connection can occur between the connecting wire 24 or its pin 20 and its second connection 16. Thus, in this arrangement, the connecting wire 24 is not completely released from the surge arrester and when tripping has taken place, this can be easily observed by increasing the length of the bellows to at least double.
Fig. 3 viser, hvorledes en faseleder i et luftkabel 11* er tilsluttet en jordledning 26 ved hjælp af en overspændingsafleder 13 ifølge opfindelsen, og fig. 4 viser et koblingsarrangement med en konsol 30, der bærer en koblingskasse 31, f.eks. med sikringer eller lignende, samt i række anbragte overspændingsafledere 13 ifølge opfindelsen. Afgreningsledninger 25 er for bundet med ledningerne i kabelet 11', og disse afgreninger er igen tilsluttet et ikke vist klemmebræt i kassen, og hvortil også overspændingsafledernes 13 tilslutningstråde 24 er koblede. Konsollen 30 danner jordskinne og er forbundet med jordledningen 26. Fra koblingskassen 31 fører ledningerne 11' til et forbrugersted.FIG. 3 shows how a phase conductor in an air cable 11 * is connected to a ground wire 26 by means of a surge arrester 13 according to the invention, and fig. 4 shows a coupling arrangement with a bracket 30 carrying a coupling box 31, e.g. with fuses or the like, as well as in series arranged surge arresters 13 according to the invention. Branch lines 25 are pre-connected to the wires in the cable 11 ', and these branches are again connected to a terminal board (not shown) in the box, to which also the connecting wires 24 of the overvoltage arresters 13 are connected. The bracket 30 forms a ground rail and is connected to the ground wire 26. From the junction box 31, the wires 11 'lead to a consumer location.
Ved opfindelsen opnår man i henhold til foranstående en isoleret overspændingsafleder, der er nem at montere, og som på en enkel og tydelig måde tilkendegiver, at en udløsning har fundet sted. Den er endvidere billig at anskaffe, og forhåndenværende overspændingsafledere kan nemt modificeres i overensstemmelse med opfindelsen.According to the foregoing, the invention provides an insulated surge arrester which is easy to mount and which indicates in a simple and clear manner that a tripping has taken place. It is also inexpensive to obtain, and available surge arresters can be easily modified in accordance with the invention.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE7501759A SE397609B (en) | 1975-02-18 | 1975-02-18 | VALVE DETECTOR DEVICE |
SE7501759 | 1975-02-18 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DK63076A DK63076A (en) | 1976-08-19 |
DK143376B true DK143376B (en) | 1981-08-10 |
DK143376C DK143376C (en) | 1981-12-14 |
Family
ID=20323710
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DK63076A DK143376C (en) | 1975-02-18 | 1976-02-17 | OVERVOLTAGE DISCHARGES |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
AT (1) | AT340513B (en) |
DK (1) | DK143376C (en) |
FI (1) | FI760393A (en) |
NO (1) | NO140214C (en) |
SE (1) | SE397609B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SE470414B (en) * | 1992-07-03 | 1994-02-14 | Asea Brown Boveri | Ventilavledaranordning |
-
1975
- 1975-02-18 SE SE7501759A patent/SE397609B/en unknown
-
1976
- 1976-02-17 NO NO760506A patent/NO140214C/en unknown
- 1976-02-17 AT AT110776A patent/AT340513B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-02-17 FI FI760393A patent/FI760393A/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1976-02-17 DK DK63076A patent/DK143376C/en active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
SE397609B (en) | 1977-11-07 |
NO140214B (en) | 1979-04-09 |
NO140214C (en) | 1979-07-18 |
NO760506L (en) | 1976-08-19 |
SE7501759L (en) | 1976-08-19 |
ATA110776A (en) | 1977-04-15 |
AT340513B (en) | 1977-12-27 |
DK63076A (en) | 1976-08-19 |
DK143376C (en) | 1981-12-14 |
FI760393A (en) | 1976-08-19 |
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