DK141346B - Plate heat exchanger with different kinds of plates, in which are pressed turbulence-giving ribs. - Google Patents

Plate heat exchanger with different kinds of plates, in which are pressed turbulence-giving ribs. Download PDF

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Publication number
DK141346B
DK141346B DK131569A DK131569A DK141346B DK 141346 B DK141346 B DK 141346B DK 131569 A DK131569 A DK 131569A DK 131569 A DK131569 A DK 131569A DK 141346 B DK141346 B DK 141346B
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Denmark
Prior art keywords
plates
ribs
heat exchanger
plate
heat exchange
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DK131569A
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Danish (da)
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DK141346C (en
Inventor
Nils Hagert Goete Stadmark
Malte Anker Skoog
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Alfa Laval Ab
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/08Elements constructed for building-up into stacks, e.g. capable of being taken apart for cleaning
    • F28F3/083Elements constructed for building-up into stacks, e.g. capable of being taken apart for cleaning capable of being taken apart
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0031Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F28D9/0043Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having openings therein for circulation of at least one heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another
    • F28D9/005Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having openings therein for circulation of at least one heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another the plates having openings therein for both heat-exchange media
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/02Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
    • F28F3/04Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element
    • F28F3/042Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element in the form of local deformations of the element
    • F28F3/046Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element in the form of local deformations of the element the deformations being linear, e.g. corrugations

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Description

(11) FREMLÆG6ELSESSKRIFT 141346 \2S^ DANMARK et) int Cl.> F 28 F S/08 É(21) Aneegning nr. 1315/69 (22) Indleveret den 11· mat*. ig6g (23) Labedag 11. mar. I969 (44) Ansøgningen fremlagt og fremteeggetoenkriftet offentliggjort den 25· ΓΘΟ. 1980 DIREKTORATET FOR ^ PATENT-OG VAREMÆRKEVÆSENET (3°) Priorite« begeent fra dm(11) PRESENTATION 141346 \ 2S ^ DENMARK et) int Cl.> F 28 F S / 08 É (21) Note 1315/69 (22) Filed on 11 · mat *. ig6g (23) Lab Day Mar 11 I969 (44) The application presented and the promissory note published on 25 · ΓΘΟ. 1980 DIRECTORATE OF THE PATENT AND TRADEMARKET (3 °) Priority «met from dm

12. mar. 1968, 3239/68, SEMar 12 1968, 3239/68, SE

(71) ALFA-LAVAL AB, Fack, Tumba, SE.(71) ALFA-LAVAL AB, Fack, Tumba, SE.

i72) Opfinder: Nils Hagert Goete Stadmark, Griffelvaegen 3, Lund, SE:i72) Inventor: Nils Hagert Goete Stadmark, Griffelvaegen 3, Lund, SE:

Malte Anker Skoog, St jaerngaTfan 20, Lund, SE.Malte Anker Skoog, St jaerngaTfan 20, Lund, SE.

(74) Fuldmagtlg under sagens behandling:(74) Proxy during the proceedings:

Ingeniørfirmaet Hofman-Bang & Boutard.Hofman-Bang & Boutard Engineering Company.

(54) Pladevarmeveksler med forskellige slags plader, hvori er oppresset turbulensgivende ribber.(54) Plate heat exchanger with different types of plates in which are turbulent-giving ribs are pressed.

Opfindelsen angår en pladevanneveksler af den i krav l’s indledning angivne art.The invention relates to a plate water exchanger of the kind specified in the preamble of claim 1.

En sådan pladevanneveksler er kendt fra beskrivelsen til tysk patent nr. 515.870. Ved denne pladevarmeveksler bliver to forskellige slags varmevekslingsplader skiftevis lagt mod hinanden.Such a plate water exchanger is known from the specification of German Patent No. 515,870. In this plate heat exchanger, two different kinds of heat exchange plates are alternately laid against each other.

Den ene slags plader består af i længderetningen fladt bølgede plader, medens den anden slags plader består af i tværretningen stejlt bølgede plader med plane bølgeflanger og forholdsvis skarpe bølgespidser. Bølgerne på de pågældende slags plader forløber omtrent vinkelret på hinanden. Selv om der skiftevis anvendes to forskellige slags plader, er de af pladerne begræn- 141346 2 sede passager ens.One type of plate consists of longitudinally flat wavy plates, while the other kind of plates consists of steeply wavy plates with flat wave flanges and relatively sharp waveguides. The waves on the types of plates in question run approximately perpendicular to each other. Although two different types of plates are used alternately, the passages limited by the plates are the same.

Fra beskrivelsen til USA patent nr. 3 151 675 kendes en pladevarmeveksler, som ligeledes er opbygget af to forskellige slags varmevekslingsplader. Også i dette tilfælde er de af de forskellige slags plader begrænsede passager ens.From the specification of US Patent No. 3 151 675 there is known a plate heat exchanger, which is also made up of two different types of heat exchange plates. In this case too, the passages restricted by the different types of plates are similar.

Fra beskrivelsen til fransk patent nr. 845 942 kendes forskelligt udformede varmevekslingsplader, hvoraf en pladevarmeveksler er opbygget ved, at to forskellige varmevekslingsplader hele tiden skiftevis er blevet anbragt mod hinanden. Afstanden mellem pladerne bliver således bestemt ved hjælp af randpakningernes højde, at varmevekslingspladernes ribber ikke berører hinanden i kanalerne. Der er kun tilvejebragt en type passager.From the specification of French Patent No. 845 942, variously-shaped heat exchange plates are known, of which a plate heat exchanger is constructed by the fact that two different heat exchange plates have been always alternately arranged against each other. The distance between the plates is thus determined by the height of the edge gaskets so that the ribs of the heat exchange plates do not touch each other in the ducts. Only one type of passenger is provided.

Fra beskrivelsen til tysk patent nr. 835 007 kendes en varmeveksler, ved hvilken passagerne er variabelt udformet, idet randpakningerne imellem identisk flade plader, de såkaldte "kanalplader" har forskellig højde. Der findes lige så mange typer passager, som der findes forskellige randpakninger eller "kanalplader".From the specification of German Patent No. 835 007 a heat exchanger is known in which the passages are variably designed, the rim packings between identical flat plates, the so-called "duct plates" having different height. There are as many types of passages as there are different rim seals or "duct plates".

Fra beskrivelsen til tysk patent nr. 948 251 kendes en pladevarmeveksler, som kun er opbygget af en slags plader. I en sådan pladevarmeveksler er pladerne ganske vist udformet identisk med hinanden, dv.s. de har i varmevekslingspladernes længdeakse rettede V-formede turbulensribber, men de er skiftevis drejet 180° mod hinanden i pladernes plan, hvorved de til turbulensribberne tilstødende plader ligger an mod hinanden og krydser hinanden ved mange forskellige punkter. Også her fremkommer kun en type strømningspassager imellem pladerne.From the specification of German Patent No. 948,251 there is known a plate heat exchanger, which is only made up of a kind of plates. In such plate heat exchanger, the plates are admittedly identical to each other, viz. they have aligned V-shaped turbulence ribs in the longitudinal axis of the heat exchange plates, but they are rotated 180 ° to each other alternately in the plane of the plates, whereby the plates adjacent to the turbulence ribs abut each other and intersect at many different points. Here, too, only one type of flow passage occurs between the plates.

Som det blandt andet fremgår af den nævnte kendte teknik, findes der et stort antal forskellige varmevekslingsplader på markedet til forskellige varmevekslingsformål, hvilke plader adskiller sig fra hinanden hvad angår udformningen af de førnævnte turbulensribber. Hver slags varmevekslingsplade har en bestemt termisk længde, hvorved man skal forstå den termiske karakteristik af et mellemrum mellem to naboplader ved en bestemt gennemstrøm 3 141346 ning gennem disse. Da værktøjerne til fremstillingen af varmevekslingsplader er meget kostbar, og da også lagerføringen af et stort antal forskellige slags plader er meget dyr, har det hele tiden været enhver pladefabrikants bestræbelser at begrænse sit udvalg af varmevekslingsplader stærkt. Ud fra dette synspunkt var de til stabling af varmevekslingsplader kombiner-bare varmevekslingsplader af en enkel type et væsentligt fremskridt. Men i praksis har varmevekslingsopgaver meget ofte ikke kunnet løses på økonomisk optimal måde, således som det fremgår af det efterfølgende.As can be seen from the prior art, among other things, there are a large number of different heat exchange plates on the market for different heat exchange purposes, which differ from one another in the design of the aforementioned turbulence ribs. Each type of heat exchange plate has a specific thermal length, whereby one must understand the thermal characteristic of a gap between two neighboring plates at a particular flow through them. Since the tools for the production of heat exchange plates are very expensive, and since the storage of a large number of different types of plates is very expensive, it has always been the endeavor of every plate manufacturer to severely limit its selection of heat exchange plates. From this point of view, combining heat exchange plates of a simple type for stacking heat exchange plates was a significant step forward. But in practice, heat exchange tasks very often have not been able to be solved in an economically optimal way, as will be shown below.

Når der f.eks. til et bestemt varmevekslingsproblem bliver valgt en pladevarmeveksler, som indeholder et bestemt antal plader af den til den pågældende opgave for det meste egnede slags, kan det forekomme, at der bliver opnået en sluttemperatur for det ene varmevekslingsfluidum, som er noget lavere end den ønskede temperatur, når betingelserne vedrørende strømningshastighed og trykfald i pladevarmeveksleren bliver opfyldt. Når der til opnåelse af den ønskede sluttemperatur bliver tilføjet yderligere varmevekslingsplader, fører dette så til, at det ved pladevarmeveksleren opnåede trykfald er højere end det ved den forud bestemte strømningshastighed ønskede ved det omhandlede varmeveksling s fluidum. Varmeudvekslingsopgaven kan som følge heraf ikke løses nøjagtigt, og da et stort antal plader skal anvendes, bliver varmeveksleren desuden meget dyr. Ved en kendt fremgangsmåde er det dog muligt at opnå et fluidums ønskede sluttemperatur ved et ønsket trykfald og en ønsket strømningshastighed ved, at man lader fluidet i varmeveksleren gå igennem plademellemrum af forskellig bredde. Denne fremgangsmåde er dog ligeledes relativ dyr, da den kræver særlige anordninger ved tætningerne og afstandsstykkerne for de pågældende plademellemrum, som afviger fra de for de pågældende plader normale "mellemrum".For example, when for a particular heat exchange problem, a plate heat exchanger containing a certain number of plates of the type most suitable for that task may be selected, an end temperature for one heat exchange fluid which is somewhat lower than the desired temperature may be obtained. when the conditions of flow rate and pressure drop in the plate heat exchanger are met. When additional heat exchange plates are added to achieve the desired final temperature, this causes the pressure drop obtained at the plate heat exchanger to be higher than that at the predetermined flow rate desired for the fluid heat exchange. As a result, the heat exchange task cannot be exactly solved, and since a large number of plates must be used, the heat exchanger becomes very expensive. However, in a known method, it is possible to obtain the desired final temperature of a fluid at a desired pressure drop and a desired flow rate by allowing the fluid in the heat exchanger to pass through plate spacers of different widths. However, this method is also relatively expensive as it requires special devices at the seals and spacers for the plate spacers concerned, which differ from the "spacings" normal for the plates in question.

Det er opfindelsens formål at tilvejebringe pladevarmevekslere, med anvendelse af et meget begrænset antal forskellige slags plader (eller byggedele), således at de stillede varmevekslingsopgaver vil kunne iværksættes mere eksakt og på billigere måde end tidligere.It is an object of the invention to provide plate heat exchangers, using a very limited number of different types of plates (or building parts), so that the heat exchange tasks provided can be carried out more precisely and in a cheaper way than before.

141346 4141346 4

Denne opgave bliver ifølge opfindelsen løst ved, at den indledningsvis angivne pladevarmeveksler er ejendommelig ved det i krav l’s kendetegnende del angivne.According to the invention, this task is solved by the fact that the plate heat exchanger initially stated is peculiar to the characterizing part of claim 1.

Fortrinsvis er begge slags varmevekslingsplader udformet som angivet i krav 2. Ved anvendelsen af to slags plader kan der dannes strømningspassager af tre forskellige typer, nemlig en type strømningspassager imellem plader af den ene slags, en anden slags strømningspassager mellem plader af den anden slags og den type strømningspassager, som dannes mellem to plader af de to forskellige slags. Ved passende udformning af de to slags plader kan endog opnås en fjerde type strømningspassage, da de to forskellige plader ved tilstrækkelig forskel imellem dem vil kunne kombineres med hinanden på to måder.Preferably, both types of heat exchange plates are configured as claimed in claim 2. When using two kinds of plates, flow passages of three different types can be formed, namely one type of flow passage between plates of one kind, another kind of flow passages between plates of the other kind and the other. type of flow passages formed between two plates of the two different kinds. By appropriately designing the two kinds of plates, a fourth type of flow passage can even be obtained, since the two different plates, by sufficient difference between them, can be combined in two ways.

Ribberne i varmevekslingspladerne er fortrinsvis udformet V-for- met. Den anden slags plader kan have V-formede ribber med en anden vinkel end den første slags plader. Desuden kan den anden slags ribber adskille sig fra den første slags ribber ved, at afstanden mellem ribberne er udformet forskelligt.The ribs in the heat exchange plates are preferably V-shaped. The second type of plate may have V-shaped ribs at a different angle than the first type of plate. In addition, the second kind of ribs may differ from the first kind of ribs in that the distance between the ribs is designed differently.

Ved den foreliggende opfindelse opnås en pladevarmeveksler, som løser den ovenfor nævnte opgave. Idet der ved hjælp af plader af den angivne slags vil kunne fremstilles strømningskanaler eller kanaler for varmevekslingsmedier, i hvilke a) der er tilvejebragt et egnet antal punkter, ved hvilke ribber krydser hinanden og ligger mod hinanden, b) der bliver opnået en egnet gensidig stilling af disse punkter, eller c) ved hinanden liggende ribber krydser hinanden under en passende vinkel (vinkler), bliver det muligt at sørge for en ønsket turbulens af de gennem-strømmende varmevekslingsmedier, og derved at løse en given varmevekslingsopgave nøjagtigt og på økonomisk måde.In the present invention, a plate heat exchanger is obtained which solves the above-mentioned task. Where it is possible to produce flow channels or channels for heat exchange media by means of plates of the specified kind, in which: a) a suitable number of points are obtained at which ribs intersect and are opposite, b) a suitable mutual position is obtained. of these points, or c) adjacent ribs intersect at an appropriate angle (angles), it becomes possible to provide a desired turbulence of the flowing heat exchange media, thereby accurately and economically solving a given heat exchange task.

Den vinkel, med hvilken mod hinanden liggende ribber krydser hinanden, har den største indvirkning på den i en strømningspassage opnåede turbulensvirkning. De fleste ændringsmuligheder er derfor opnåelige, hvis der anvendes plader, ved hvilke ribberne af den ene plade har en anden vinkel end ribberne i den anden plade.The angle at which opposite ribs intersect has the greatest effect on the turbulence effect obtained in a flow passage. Therefore, most modifications are achievable if plates are used at which the ribs of one plate have a different angle than the ribs of the other plate.

Opfindelsen skal i det følgende nærmere beskrives med henvisning til tegningen.The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the drawing.

5 141366 På denne vises på fig. 1, 2 og 3 tre forskellige slags varmeveks-lingsplader, som kan indgå i en pladekombination ifølge opfindelsen.On this is shown in FIG. 1, 2 and 3 are three different types of heat exchange plates which can be included in a plate combination according to the invention.

Samtlige på tegningen viste plader har fire gennemgående huller 1, og ved begge de korte ender en udskæring 2, som tjener som styring, når et antal plader skal sammensættes til en stabel i et pladevar-mevekslingsstativ. Pladerne har også randpakninger, sammen aed hvilke de skal afgrænse tætte passager 1 stabelen for de varme-vekslende medier. Disse randpakninger er ikke vist på tegningen.All plates shown in the drawing have four through holes 1, and at both short ends a cut-out 2, which serves as a guide when a plurality of plates are to be assembled into a stack in a plate heat exchange rack. The plates also have edge gaskets, along with which they must define tight passages in the stack for the heat-exchanging media. These edge seals are not shown in the drawing.

Som det fremgår af tegningen, adskiller de tre plader sig fra hinanden med hensyn til de viste parallelle linier 3 i respektive pladers varmevekslingsflade, hvilke illustrerer pladernes mønster af turbulensfrembrlngende ribber. Disse ribber er indrettede til at krydse og ligge an mod hinanden som støtte mellem pladerne, når de er indspændte i et stativ. Pladen i fig. 1 adskiller sig fra pladen i fig. 2 med hensyn til afstanden mellem de ved siden af hinanden forløbende ribbers toppe og fra pladen i fig. 3 med hensyn til den vinkel, ribberne danner med f.eks. pladernes langsider.As can be seen from the drawing, the three plates differ from each other with respect to the parallel lines 3 shown in the heat exchange surface of the respective plates, which illustrate the plates pattern of turbulence producing ribs. These ribs are arranged to intersect and abut against each other as support between the plates when they are clamped in a rack. The plate of FIG. 1 differs from the plate of FIG. 2 with respect to the distance between the tops of the adjacent ribs and from the plate of FIG. 3 with respect to the angle formed by the ribs, e.g. the long sides of the plates.

Pladen i fig. 2 adskiller sig fra pladen i fig. 3 i begge disse henseender.The plate of FIG. 2 differs from the plate of FIG. 3 in both these respects.

Hvis to plader ifølge fig. 1 sammensættes, så de dækker hinanden, hvorved den ene er vendt 180° i sit eget plan i forhold til den anden, opnås mellem dem en passage med visse termiske egenskaber.If two plates according to FIG. 1 is assembled to cover each other, whereby one is turned 180 ° in its own plane relative to the other, a passage having certain thermal properties is obtained between them.

Hvis derimod to plader ifølge fig. 2 eller to plader ifølge fig.If, on the other hand, two plates according to FIG. 2 or two plates according to FIG.

3 sammensættes på tilsvarende måde, opnås passager med andre termiske egenskaber. Yderligere passager med anderledes termiske egenskaber kan opnås ved en kombination af to plader af forekellig art.3 is similarly composed, passages having other thermal properties are obtained. Further passages with different thermal properties can be obtained by a combination of two plates of a different kind.

Når en varmeveksler skal bygges til en bestemt varmevekslingsopgave, kan plader af én art blandes med plader af en anden art. En blanding af tre forskellige slags plader i samme varmeveksler turde sjældent være nødvendigt, da kombinationsmulighederne allerede med to slags plader er ganske store. Især en kombination af plader iføl- 6 U1346 ge fig. 3 og plader ifølge fig. 1 (eller plader ifølge fig. 2) giver rige kombinationsmuligheder, eftersom disse plader kan sættes sammen på mere end en måde. Yed at ribberne ved pladerne af den ene art danner en anden vinkel med pladens langside end ribberne ved pladerne af den anden art, opnås nemlig en krydsning mellem ribberne i plademellemrummet, uanset i hvilken indbyrdes stilling de forskellige plader ligger an mod hinanden i en stabel.When a heat exchanger is to be built for a particular heat exchange task, sheets of one kind can be mixed with sheets of another kind. A mix of three different types of plates in the same heat exchanger would rarely be necessary, since the combinations already available with two types of plates are quite large. In particular, a combination of plates according to FIG. 3 and plates according to FIG. 1 (or plates of Fig. 2) provide rich combination options, since these plates can be assembled in more than one way. Because the ribs at the plates of one species form a different angle with the long side of the plate than the ribs at the plates of the other species, a cross is obtained between the ribs in the plate space, irrespective of the position of the different plates against one another in a stack.

Inden for rammen af opfindelsen kan de forskellige plader også adskille sig fra hinanden med hensyn til de turbulensfrembringende ribbers højde. Portrinsvis er dog ribberne lige høje ved alle pladerne, for derigennem kan samtlige pladers pakningsspor gøres nøjagtig ensformede. Dette indebærer, at værktøjsdelene til udformning af ribberne kan gøres udskiftelige, medens de mere komplicerede værktøjsdele for udformning af pladernes pakningsspor og partierne omkring gennemløbshulleme 1 kan være fælles for forskellige slags plader.Within the scope of the invention, the various plates may also differ from one another in terms of the height of the turbulence generating ribs. In portions, however, the ribs are equally high at all the plates, because through this all the packing grooves can be made exactly uniform. This means that the tool parts for forming the ribs can be made interchangeable, while the more complicated tool parts for forming the gasket grooves of the plates and the parts around the through holes 1 can be common to different kinds of plates.

På tegningen er kun vist et fåtal af forskellige slags plader.The drawing shows only a few of different types of plates.

DK131569A 1968-03-12 1969-03-11 Plate heat exchanger with different kinds of plates, in which are pressed turbulence-giving ribs. DK141346B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE3239/68A SE321492B (en) 1968-03-12 1968-03-12
SE323968 1968-03-12

Publications (2)

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DK141346B true DK141346B (en) 1980-02-25
DK141346C DK141346C (en) 1980-08-25

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JP (1) JPS4833663B1 (en)
AT (1) AT317269B (en)
BE (1) BE729443A (en)
CH (1) CH502570A (en)
DE (2) DE1911471B2 (en)
DK (1) DK141346B (en)
FR (1) FR2003687A1 (en)
GB (1) GB1211065A (en)
NL (1) NL6903652A (en)
SE (1) SE321492B (en)
SU (1) SU409444A3 (en)

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JPS5235324U (en) * 1975-09-02 1977-03-12
SE412284B (en) * 1978-07-10 1980-02-25 Alfa Laval Ab HEAT EXCHANGER INCLUDING A MULTIPLE IN A STATIVE INPUT, MAINLY RECTANGULATED PLATE
SE411952B (en) * 1978-07-10 1980-02-11 Alfa Laval Ab HEAT EXCHANGER INCLUDING A MULTIPLE IN A STATUE INSERTED SWITCHING PLATE
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AT317269B (en) 1974-08-26
DE1911471A1 (en) 1970-04-23
FR2003687B1 (en) 1973-07-13
DK141346C (en) 1980-08-25
FR2003687A1 (en) 1969-11-14
BE729443A (en) 1969-08-18
DE1911471B2 (en) 1979-06-28
SU409444A3 (en) 1973-11-30
CH502570A (en) 1971-01-31
NL6903652A (en) 1969-09-16
GB1211065A (en) 1970-11-04
DE1967060B2 (en) 1979-10-25
SE321492B (en) 1970-03-09
DE1967060A1 (en) 1976-12-02
JPS4833663B1 (en) 1973-10-16

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