DEP0042241DA - Anti-knock compound for motor fuel - Google Patents

Description

Klopffeat <ktsehuA « for MfttoreabreAetoff,

Site «Irfladuug concerns knock-proof MisehUAgen fttr engine gate« an et Of ft the knock-proof lead compounds «Ad Broakohlenwae-; seretoff 0 Odor Broakohlenwaeeeretoffe and OAXorkohXenwaeeeretoffe ale BoiAifAAfflaitteX entheXtoA *

IeiaifOAfeaitteX Biad substances FTIR with kiepf ^ eetea BXeiTerbindungen Ia BrekAetoffeA engine XexweaduAf FLA doA and fluehtige during combustion BX elTerblAduAgea eraeugen "the Tea Motor äuegeetoeeoA been * BeiAiguafeaittel Torri Gern dea amount aa weAifor volatile BXOiTerbiadoAgtA _r e ^ oa soaet" äare Ad the combustion and is the engine parts aneaaaeXA. For satisfactory operation of an old gebXeitea Bsn- BiA operated engine is the Terweaduag eiaee Beiaiguagsaltt el β _t weeeatlloa. Commercial at AiguagsaitteX are Aethyle Adibroald uad AetAylendleaioriA.

"Bo was adopted aXXgeaela that el eh Beialguugeait ttx while dta tr>reanuAgspre" geaeift epeee sere et 's or TerbrenAeA uad HaXogeawaoeoretoffo in Irelbelt eeteea that react old the BloiTorbinduagea and, as in the O _f SAfatentea 1,992,954 uad X 022 was, let aXXela die Menfo aa HaXofea _t die alt dea fetraathylblei aur Aaweaduag gel says, yoa Meaning roa Staadpuakt der. Arbeitsweiee the engine "From dleeea Staadpuakt au β are" XX e BeialguagsaitteX containing a given Meagt eiaee be * stiaatea halogen, ale gl ei on THAT CONDITION a "traeatet. We, la Segeatoil found that * the Wirkeaakeit eiaer given HaXogeaaeage in dea engines la-wide © Mafie Tariierea can wena they dta fuels _ material la TtreobledeaW, oheaisohea Terbinduagea "is ugefttart uad that the Tereoaiedenea rew pacts for dea reXatlToa value Ter eohledeae * i Torbiaduagea aueeoaXaggobead β lad, from whose aoXokuXa-

- 1 - Br ! B% Wl

depend on its structure. /, '· ■ \; ■ £: ■,; ■

Tin the Wshsy known% iai ^ gesitiel ^^ Aetnylendibroald land Α · * ^ · 8ώ · ϊα · Λ * | Αίαβϊ - ^^ Tervendnng ta trade found. Although * 'i! & E ^ / | Ä., I ^' requirements of good'Esiaigungeaitt ©! mtapwooh'ei ^ they for some modern Arbeitsanforaexungea f ^ rb ^ ss ^, not Vfflltgt'besonder β in such Ι ^ ^ .. οΜΛ, Jäeißtungen used .Mwrdea _si · ¹ • ";. j 2 u ^ yen -afe the Terursaohte Demand 'higher motor im ^ eistwaif' ώαν ■. Fe®b & * l in the construction of Motorea Μχ ^ ίφ ^ Μ ^ Μ ^ τ .Ter-; ' .wnteusg of inlet manifolds with ■ mimm ^ si ^^ m ^ % © R »cut. J3ie la Terein old the lot ^ eadigeei * ^; brewing of high-split Bennlnen en mache * / has to a bucket reduction: the! temperature at the fuel air flow in the !!» ^ distribution pipe have led to tucks in the construction nieht alone, a Weohsel In the Tarteil- 1U. m \\ Ό verMlt «« der knockfffest, «Ittel and Seiniisagsfiittel ■ untar _: ■ the individual Sotorengyliadern b @ £ IJrucken in the Bialai distributor ■ near ©, the over AtaospMrejaitruok. f« rm*@k^Ä^ve.®Ädej^i ^ nafeea; aneh a lower ffeapera ^ ur of the fuel aeration in the moment _f where its ^ oapreeslon in the cylinders «insetst, * ur Polge I have found that Aethylendlbroald and. Aethylendiahlorifl under ma & ehen conditions d «a requirements« that were created by / this ^ eeheel in engine construction _{9 were} not completely satisfactory * Although the eagenblioklioh vjirweaieten 'additions to the general for the operation of passenger cars afcerfieaan * «earth ikr« Ängel ■; in "operation of trucks and buses" where a high pro-βantrata of work is fully or almost fully throttled "open"_; with and form a serious problem with certain Boehlelstungs tin gitougmntoren ,, ■ ■: · ■ *; _;

Efforts have been made to address this particular problem. Solve by selecting different compounds as cleaning agents, the boiling point of which is that of the Setra-ethyl lead. came close. However, the selection of a halo-enlds had the improvement of a property the reduction of other properties aar Polge _e SiB. we found that Dibroachlorfeutaa, which on Srund its low rueiirftglt ^ de, with the storage in a commercial manner . ^{; :} Fff% räill | f ^^ au to use commercially find au ^ ar can not durable. Iialge armaments that provide sufficient steam

il & aa & k & m Im.'lte-te * "and genfigead * stability Sm kle * f ~ feet" a have problems, besiteen eiae insufficient availability adt "etraäthylblai. Other Eeinigttagsaittel _r the vörgeeohl & Gea * a @% s generally hlaeiohtlica one or more of the fen obengenaaatea Sigeaschaf stems "'. ¹ 2> he Segenstatad der Brfiadnog consists äarl ** lniaigaagsmittel Stt eehaffea, which only have a gate SeInigongetslrkaBg, but also other properties required for the Eeadel feesitsen «, '''

Aoif ( "edge of the Srfiadnag an anti-knock compound for Eotorenbreanetoff was prepared consisting of eiaer klopffeetea lead Terhiaduag and one or more BromkohloawaBBerstoffen" the MTI or three bromine atoms and three bit eight Kohleastoffatome beSitsea _f where not much as a Broaatoa with 4edem Kohleastoffatom is connected ₉ and a vapor pressure τοη 0.2 to "6» "^ u« oteeilb @ r at 50 ^s ^ * You KLseteng also includes an Öhlorkohlenwaaseretoff with a steam pressure of about 0 * 2 ble 6 am Mercury at 50 ° ή eia * on Cr and another ^ erfeeegeraag the Brfinduag is as BroÄ @ hleawäsberstoff a Iftbroaalkaa with 4 or 5 Kohlenetoffatomen used wishes fall ge, ertees with a "Diohloralkaa of 4 or 5 carbon eae tof fat omen sasamm" · on Sr eiaer other ^ © @ rsag-der Srifimdioag-, if sibromotoluene is used as a bromocarbon _{hydrogen, if desired, with a carbon coal awaeeeretoff v} best * Iriehlorbeaaol, saeaatmea · '~

^ ^ Tea Mu.-dj gA ^ flis Beiai; "NFJ rfiffl ^^ at Tielea opportunities better ^Ä eBUltat * the SeMreireIiea conditions, such as under · 'they occur in the operation of Hotoren result ^ * la hem && @ Tm beeltcea the Eeiaigftagsaittel' etm ^ mm in "et * halteaea bromine aerruhrende" molecular struct "* under one EHEA Arbeitsbediaguagea of engines & o £ oreas? lia & er a eia-CV ^ Veigartige, aHaere effectiveness causes than earlier in the Bas" ÖEL verweadeter Eeiniguagsmitt el "S ^ eee ' effectiveness within the cylinder we call Xaaere leiaiguagswirkuag the Yerbinduag · fiber & eiaiguagsj & ittel besitaea besides its internal "cleaning effect still further Torsüg®, * These are a * er ^A dam & faagseharacteriatik / in the fuel, the eia suitable Yteiluage ratio in ^ eee'' Amount to which the knock-proof lead biaduag et al. * err the working conditions within the Bia-IaS distribution * 6 * it guarantees high stability during storage

bark *! * with kloiff • etaa K ^ lYerbiadungea * ftrt «* uas « r «a cleaning agents siad Ylelje> the mar a little suitability, the JtatiklopfwlrkOAg 'the SleiYerblnduagen in the engine au Yerrin-

gladly"

line tyfi @ eae $ rup £ e from BroBkoblenwaeeeretoffen uaeerer Srfiadoag alt their Itesipf print in aa QueekelTber feel 50 ^ö C

^i8t '* £ ·. > ¹ sniffer shutdown pressure

^ i ^^^ a ^ rsto ^ ^ _t , Wnfl » ft, - -

1.3 * 4-5rlbroap "at an 0.2 4 _f 5-ia.br * B -1 * 3-Ä ^ etsylbeai5ol 0.2

1; 2 ^ -fribroapenten -l 0.3

1, 2, 3 ~ $ rlbröapentane 0.4

mbroatoluole {mixed) 0 * 5

1,33-JPribr © abufcan 0.7

3 »4-W.broaaethyl cy clohexaja 0.7

g.Broa -4- (broaaiethyl) -hept en-1 Of

1 _t 2-2 £ broaeylone3caa , O »©

1 »2» 3 ~ Wbr © a-2-aetnylprö £ aa Ο.β

1 * 2 ₉ 3-fcrtareapropane 1.0

1 ₀ a-ÄLbroabeaeol I _e O

2.5 Mbr © ® penten-l 2.6

1 _# S-Bibrisiiiaezea-I 4 * 0

1, g-BibroaeyelOfentane 4 x 6

1, 5H0a \ lreft »£ * t-diaeÄylprüfan 5 * 5 2 , 3-Äbroa-2-methyl tmp en tan 6.3

Among the lÖLbroaalkänan that in the invention Yerwendet who «can the * are al from

1 _f t-mbroabutane V 3-mbroapentane

1 »2-3 & broabata & 1 * 4-Dibromgentsa

1,3-XHbroabutsn 1,5-albroapentane

1 »4 ~ 2 & a * osa * ta & 2, t-Mbroass ^ atsm

2, 2-Sibroabutsa 2 _f 3 -Blbroap eat & a '2, 3 - »Lbro » bataa 2, 4 ~ £ ibrt > apeatan

1,1-bromopentane 3 9 S-mbrompsntane

1 _s 2-13ibröiipeat & a 1 , 3 ~ 3) ibroa -2 ₉ 2 -diaetny:

propane

Self- careers can be misenuiigea this Terliiadattgaa Ynrweadet | This let Jdtafl _t T wirteehaftlieber "dajtfei JfebrikatloaeYerfahrea Misefeaiigea ent are aod the Kesten for Xsoliereag a Verbiadang from the other Yermieden advertising

• 4 -

den kftfamu ~ -l-7 ^ ^ Vfe ί ^ 4 ^ v '

S ^ e'Slaheit -eo ■ irgead one of the above Terblndoagea gives old ietraathylolei in, Beasin at Plugaeugaotorea gate Ätsaitate.

/ 91 "The above table is an example and contains'',' not all of the bromocarbons from our Irfindtog ₈ J _i / Idne typlache group of 4 carbon-based fuels," which are old ι ⁱ Uaiftereh broia flour substances are used "land their steam-

^ f ^cfe Z ^{iei 500} J ^lflt * ^{ie fol} S ^ecde * Approximate pressure hydrocarbons at -

r Aaphtalia 0.2

[5 · oklorasryl) benzene 0.2

; 1-Öhler ^ nßecaa 0.5

1, ^ - dichloroctane 0.5

l / jS » 3s 4-setrachloroyclopentane 1.5

Sejxabhlorpropylea 1.6

1, 2 _# 4 - * riehlerbeMoi 2.0

1 ^ 2-Diehlorhejtaa, 2.4

5fr 6 ~ Dihler-5,3-diaethylhexane 2.8

2j, ♦ '^ »lciaertoluene 3.2

ί I _t 2- $ dichlorocyclohexane '4 - »$

iLchlar octane 5v6

> iChlox »2 _# 2 _t 5-trlmethylhexane 5 # 8

üater ^ den IJlehloralkanea, which in this Srfiadoag Terwea-

äet -ψφ & νι WJzmea, a lad au aenaea i ~

1.1- JHiealorbatan 1,3-Dlchlorpeataa 1 _f 2-Dichlorbutaa 1,4-Biehlorpeataa 1, 3- »lealorbutaa 1 » 5-B1ohlorpeataa 1i 4-jÖiehlorbutaa 2 ₁ 2-Di ohlorpeataa

, 2, 2 * Diehl0r butane 2,3-Diohlorpeataa

'2,> -B £ ehl © rbutaa 2 »4-dichloropentaa

; 1, 1-ijLohlorp eataa 3, 3-Diehlorpeataa

1.2- ^ Lchlorpentaa 1,3- £ iohlor-2,2-dlmethyl-

propaa.

4 & φβ half a unit 1,2,3-Zrl broapropaa and a blueness iHft ^ Qhlorpropylen with jetraethyl lead in Hotorenbrenastofi 'φ $ Φ ' Bt ^ Bdltate bei StrsSeafahraeugen *

The above list is just one example of the chlorinated hydrocarbons that can be, Terweadet »

jag Ii sieS / rerbia ^ Ba ^^^ Mieohaag

fat gewefenbeit % «i» »• Vraaoh von * eit« r «endiute BOhelat tie beetea J

Mleehang old a knock-proof Tereohiedeaeten Semstaes "Ä ## ftft" are la extensive Tereaebea Strafl · at "ahlrelehcn Xotona Ter- MMz% m% § ** _$ H®ehlel © t« gs * ^ lmgs®® ^ @ t @ r € a of the way in which they are wecdet ^ ewghmlleli cor fb * eanetoffen * % © h termination, each areel tea made the declaration of individual engine parts / which are eel pehlen elnee aeiaigangeslttele aaosharely pelt, which means that separate ceilings are always granted Arheitelei »tang

ims as got as SI « JetEt im Bändel hefiaüiohea« * ®a » you for the Baeetauag old the lead * ur education τοη lead-►genid tfceorttltea required». $ £ eage an Beiaigangealttel, 2 Atoae Belied per Atoa lead, a Biahelt Belogen is called ♦ ^ Ble au ^ eablloklieh haadeleühliohe .e beetent in it, tine. BShheit Bfceil · i "nugoeogbroaaetöffea währead f ^ ^ llol rekhrenftetoffe elae halhe Biaheit -v * Wt eiaer Biaheit Ohler is used" When äm maten loaded / jehriebeaen Botorrereaohen warden the BeiaigoagBaitt el la Meagen Terweadet _f aoegedraokt la Ansahl the Biaheltea of halogen, such as ele lh der leadelaprtixfei «turned Miraa **

In the case of 4 penalties , one ere XtiaAenajftffItttl hei Arbeite « Igftagea old high Belaetoag a series τοη Baadelelaetwagea were used. 1,2,3 ~ * ribroapropaa, in Terbiadong old Hexaofalerpropyfita, became old fetraathylblei Teraiaoht and elaeft Beasia xagege-. pea, dae la * a fur series Terweadet worde, Bla fuel which consisted of the same BeaEin, oad tetraftthylhlei olid an X ^ eaang τοη Aethylendibreald oad A # thjl®aiE "# ml rif contained as Beialgoagaaittel, la worde of the Beet Barle Terwen4et * Ba die Bedlagoagen old Ananahae der Koeaaneaeetioag dee B ^ ialgongBaittele which were the same, was some tfater * ^; ) eehleji la der Bleiablageraag oad Xorroaloa dee Xotore der Tersehiffdenhelt dee Beiaigaageaittele euaaeebreibea. Xit Jedea der LUetwagen was Ston | en lang t & gliea worked at eia «Beladtang τοη about * 4 * ffV Bie Xebeasdanar Aee Aoepaff-

TeatjLle, aaegedraokt in barking up m the first two ttati

Tereegern at every engine, was la Boreheohnitt 30 * degrees at

the Imetwagen, which used to contain a Breiansteff ar% ®i; |; et®a _t , llie - iaase »■ Selalgiuigsaittel, all with a 2reim6toff | the · Handelealsehung Tron ethylene dibromide and Aetfeyl endieh5, or id ent melt · For operations with lioher burden of this kind, the durability of the AuepaffTentile a critical factor 'and Yerbeesernngen the above Qröße Bind of great importance for BeBitser of Xeatwagen and buses result Terringe -. _t tion of Unternaltungskosten and the longer the Brauehbarkeit '"Fahreeuge in traffic on the road," ■.

Also in the road service, one of our cleaning agents was mixed with a chlorine cleaning agent with ethyl adibromide and ethylenediochloride compared to 1,4-Mbr ombutane ₉ in connection with the chlorine cleaning agent fiexachloropropylene. was mixed with fetraäthylblel and added to Bensin. Ss were Targlei- "before the same Benein _f one Misohung of Setraftthylblei ₉ ethyl endibromid ^ and Aethylendiehlorid contained hired when traveling on the punishment" Bie Brezuistoffe were at Xtastwagen from gleiohen Standazdrabrikat in operation strong Beiaetung .with vie le dashing IeiXen used "Our Beinigungsmittel beaai good _{<Beihigungewirkung} as by measurements of deposits in Ho 'gate, by Besiehtigung and by increasing the service life of Aaepuffventile was found that amounted to nearly £ 150, _, _-.

'Our Beifiigungsaittel were also greatly improved efficiency in ^ adelsflugiseugmotores used _v the yeast under conditions "that were comparable in flight" Z.Bearbeiteten air-cooled Hoohleistunge-Flugeeugmotoren gungsaitteln with three different · Beini, namely Aethylendibroaid ₉ 1 ₉ 3 2 f " r $ ribroapropan and mixed Slbromtoluolenf the two IetJBtea are Heini restriction means of our invention. sw tch Versuohefiauer was 120 hours with a fuel 4, $ oom '^ etraaythylblel per and 1.0 unit of any of the aforesaid hydrobromocarbon cleaners. The examination of the valves and eundkereen at the end of each union showed that remarkably better bribes were obtained with our accessories. When ethyl endibram | .d was used the exhaust valves were very burned. When our encapsulants ■ were used, no valve was burnt.

, Auoh Aethylendlbroald and Dibromotoluol in KeneentratiOnea from a Blnhelt Brom in a fuel with ^ 46 cc * ^ etraJLthylblei were in an air-cooled Hoohl ei stungs-Flugseugmo tor at a. Compared to a completion time of 120 hours

Burning the exhaust tantlle was essential * des ^ ereaeh; when the fuel then contained ethylenedibromide, ^ oh 110 levels were sprayed off. A visit to the Metoss «own significant deposits * Amgi3 $ aiaag« a, and Terlwennaagen of all exhaust valves. If, on the other hand, a fuel containing mbromotolaol is used • r-baiWt ^; was Uff the engine the full 120 hour s ^ termination de 'trial Keigte NND visit aaeh, no burns', the Tent Lie mf aar small deposits. At the ^ aufvait Awtny ^ eiidiAromid ¹ it was, ask oh, the Msdfceraen ka ^ er ^ iM 2 / 'Stand en auSEUweehselu * whereas with the ! »On old ¹ ^ broajfölu £ l · no replacement of the spark plugs required wuide and the SlindlottrKen m Sehl ^ ^fl ^ ^s Laufes were still in good hands *

We believe tHe better results partly to higher internal Beini swirfcung gong, partly the TerteilungsverhaltnlB within the Terechiedenen cylinders of the engine eu Terdjsnken sl | id _t the dlohter than dee letraäthylbleie Iet ₄ This Annanae is the frgefeaisise τοη ^ w "gi other Sotorartea hardened. Sla engine type concerned de "Terglelch the inner Eelnigungswirkung mmt the other the Terglieloh the Terteilungeeigensehaften our * Eelnlgungemittel a $ t which previously known Eainigungsaitt el, particularly sooner handelemäesig Terwendater ^ eUaigmngsmi ttel *, Jn MnKylinder-I" borAtorluaanotοren, usually investigation for under "* to flageejugbrennstoff s and 2ündkersen Terwendet _# where no Vea ^ eilungeprolilea, can occur a Vergleloh from Iroekemie _i Wieht de £ VerWennuiigeablagerung after prolonged operation Broa-Eeinigangsmitteln was jiit a Sinhelt fön Terschiedenen hired" Äeees Alalaigerungsgewieht aag as scale of the internal "^ einigangswlrkung dlenwru He Xabelle following are the ^ received esuafmte "a I

£ deposit inbeeug on

.! ^ !, gungs ^ t ^ _{Aethylendlbro i} Bdd «lOOfr

1, J-Biirea-2, 2-diaethyIprapau. 91

1,6-iÜ.bröahexane _t * 78

1 _f 2-DibroBoy cloliex & n 84

1,2, 3-f ^ ibroÄpropaa 79

1,2, ^^ lbroBbutane; 88

1,2, 5-5ribro »-2-aeihylpr * jan 80

Even when working, line-cylinder Flugaeugavotoren produced under the same * edimgungwu of all cleaning agents 1,4-I> ibroabntan "the 2 _f ^ ibriibutan single 80 and 95 percent of the deposits in the T _ft ^ cenningaraua, as found in Aetihylendlbroaid became. '% sgl © l ^% arde a ^' change of the filing

rouge * at the Aaepuffventll en and "Suadkereea found *

Bromkohlenwas first of fe our Erfladong else inaer ^ e ^ Reiai; Have an effect that is greater than that of Ajstfe ^ ffendlbromid let, world ter ^ rde tellingly found ', Ä & ß other broia cabbage <"aeeerstoffe" from which eof the consistency of their modular structure also expect "rare" that ele eich with regard to f ^ AWjIti the Inner Beinigongswlrkang as our Verhindongea behavior "burdened - whose Baagf-pressure lay outside our range - were less effective * Ζ" Β · resulted from the T _erv Senduag of. 1 "Brome"! An "des at 50 ° C: Bampfdruok owned by O _r OGS am Queoksllver ', even a larger amount than

We believe that the superiority of our heating agents - in the case of the eat, aagen and aircraft engine is not only due to the higher, internal cleaning effect but also to the improved evaporation system narrow hits «While this poor distribution occurs more in Ilugiseug engines, it forms a problem under certain work conditions The fuel used contains either too little or too much oil in proportion to the amount of petroleum lead present. The engine has a poor service life if a cylinder contains excess or inadequate amounts of cleaning agent to reflect the Setraa * present, accompanied by an excessive lead deposition mag sela _e '

The distribution pipe flows and partial vaporization of the substance takes place, the ratio of the substance varies in "$ 4. & mp £ förelgem und liquid" Suetand during the passage through

Das Sl nl aß vert et 1 err ohr la further Äaße ^ mlt the type of engines, the fuels uno, the working conditions, like EB Sotorge, speed, Auseenlufttemperetur and other rectors

Operation of an aar river bath established. Sraftfannsotors with different typical engine lines we found 5 $ des vorhas «=» iesatstüfTar i & liquid JPorm on the walls of the plate

Rohr © fIig§aBa4-g - t ^ "- feitllohe geil aisTfiglliirgtgaa3rg ~ - · Steam and entrained Pliiseigkeit vorhunderj ^^ The Ko as ent ratios, j des' ietreätbylbleieie in the liquid rope dex ^ ireriastoffe, the drainage of the kands In general, the flow rate is considerably higher than in the original rems ’ioff, so that a considerable amount of the main strength of the brewed tetraethyl lead remains in the comparatively small amount of fluidity in the igadea of the authorronre surj. this liquid 2eil verifiable not gl ei chaäB sigMf ^ x shares * erhe.lt s. some cylinders very unequal MgBgea a ^ t'etraäthjlbleie In mcneh & n Arbeitt.gäßgea fan-.

. mn we 'L ^ tejpsäieöe in the SufluS des Setxaäthylbleie £ U the driving 2 eugeyliss ^ örn of 50? the inflow of the XetraSthyTbleis to the eia ^ r & nea Sylindera varied between 45 and 40 ^: | the jöaröh- STrtaslIrbeasieager · ■. '■. · . Bee VerteilaagsTerhältixis Seinigungsiaitt of ice into the engine ensyliriöera kaim GSNs different from that of ^ _e etraSthylbleiß Seia We found that * * itself Tienn DA® Tetraätb ^ 'ylblei' is provided by measurements in the along the Yerteilerrohre- fli eat Pltssiglreit in high concentration our cleaning-SUngsiBittel _i the lead classifier accompany than the previously used Eeinigttngamittei _e ■■ · · · ■. ·

1® the relative amounts of the different ^ roaakoal eawa 'BB «raw materials * the liquid part of the fuel flowing along the sides of the distributor pipe is present, also to illustrate * a continuously produced oil head part was created @S". Si-lSyli'aäer - ^ r ftfahrseug used at d ^ s the liquid * the "find along the branches of the manifold flowed * from * any Sylinderp WuiHie collected & ar ₈ Mese Plüe.sißfeeit was analyzed * us their ^ among others Setraäthylblei and fteiaiguagöialtt'eX ehslt shown below.! beetissea * <3 in all cases the same, petrol was old 3 ccs

^! , SETR &ätfcyT'blei used per ■■ ^{1 1} Sxt a unit Bro © and Jefle operation v-uröe carried out under the same ecügungen possible ^ * ^I; is as follows: '- ^ barking give the meaning, an Broa ia with reference to the lead present in the liquid for a typi. ■ see group of our appendices on and off TergleieIi the same set-up for different items that do not belong to our invention *.

Ieifii © sngeii'tt t el

see ed

5O ° 0

* V > i: .s ^ l _: - |.; L .u; UU -;: -. y- ^; ; ,, / units bromine for

: f% ell egg? J ⁱ ojjir- ' gm ®m °

T 1 6-Dibroiahexan 0.3

Dibromotoluene (mixed) O _e 5

1 ρ 2 $ 3 «'] fri broxnbutan 0. 7

1,2 ~ Dibroaoylohexaa 0.8 1,2,3-! Dribroffi-2-] uethylprop3i 0.8

1,2 ^ 3- jribromopropane 1 # 0

1.2-dibromohexane-1,40

1.3-Dibroiu-2,2-diuiethyl ~

propane

5.5,

1 ξ I β J β

1.8 1 · Ί. 1.1,

1.2

O _e θ

0.5

4.1

1 broia juice 0.005 '

1, 2, 3 »4-ü'etrabroaoyölo-» *

p®atsn Ο .Ο3 3.8

1,3-dibromopropane 11.0 0.1

Ethylene dibromi d 40.2 0.05

applied working conditions, give ais / a vivid picture of; the deviations, f'iis duroh ^ tfntersohied © Iza ^ rtick and molecular structure conditional .e ^ nd, and they serve. To emphasize the Toratige of our care tuui / vt el. Ata piping £ illustrate the improvement of distribution in besug the lead Antiklopfverblndung ^ ii 'that our Beinlgungs convey eraielt wirdi' vary Jn dör ^ rate Henden table the Heini gangßmi 11El our Brf-indung in their Konasntration in "beaug on DAT Lead only iu / verhältni siatts hite small extent, whereas ge ^ ea die.ausserhalb our invention lies Eeinigungsmit- - tel much more of cltfer, bromine unit in eingebrachten- Brennstof "WHfKabweiohan / ■ ''''...

They ^ erttjiluw _ii ' the i'teinigungsiuittel and the XetraUthylbleie under the cylinders of an engine we call the prefceilung »- , y TerhEltni ^ ⁱⁱ Ton .: j edfia.-' W I ⁱ ? - 'f andeix». ·. äai: da®:. ^ '§ ^ t © i ^ ujftgi ^

imeersi / SroiEreitiigttngafflittel. Much "closer to" de "the tetraethyl lead than the" behavior of other well-known broia cleaning agents.

We use Ohlor KOB1 jstwaeβert off ©, the una he he BroiBkohlem'isSserstoff θ "is a suit Sampfdruck animal comparable to ince vergleichbaroe ^w ^ erteilun sverhältnia in condition we found" that these chlorine compounds, in general, more stable al a the..; '$ ri % .ep: p.eeH ^ ^: wiy ^: ^ belie ^ ia ;, '>! d & ^: li / ' -v ^r a-'

the molecular structure is not that important, Ρέ-ktor in the

Iuswahl ^r 'of Chlcrrreinigungsmittel If _e' \ Si ''.

. 'BeBtiianiungen were auph from the' VerteilungNjles '' • Setraätnylbleis and · detergent in the individual cylinders of a ^ ehrsylindermot or ε-made, line half unit Aethylendibronld plus a unit Aet hy 1 were endichlorid old half a unit of one of our Bromreinigan ^ amittel, 1 , £ 3 - £ ribromopropane, plus one unit of one of our chlorine cleaning agents, iiesaehlorpropylene, compared. The ^one Baxiaale .Unterschied of units Brom among the cylinders was in Aethylendibz-omid and ethylene dichloride contains © Mea ^s Sischuag durcheehnittlieh 22 ^ 'un, d as units Ohl "15 ^" - Be • the mixture with · was our cleaning products, the maximum difference & n linearities ⁱⁿ BrQm only S £ and in units of chlorine -. only 6} i. The OaterscMed among the cylinders in the proportion of our detergents to lead can be greater or lesser than all. of the above description, according to the engine _p, the working conditions of the engine and the specially used equipment . Our cleaning agents give better results under the most varied of working conditions.

.Sas improved distribution never gets our * one-car-: means in addition to the knock-proof lead compounds · the Jfinnahae _i that- the better, relative distribution of the rope for the better durability of the engines when our cleaning agents are sent in trucks and high-performance aircraft engines, in the event of disruptions related to the distribution, is responsible «,

We found that the boiling point of a cleaning agent is not a reliable IaS for an evaporation in relation to gum-penetration-lead in the manifold of the engine. 2 B. - If 1g2, P-sribromoprbpan _f, which has a boiling point 20 ° C higher than f © traäthylfelei, would normally assume that it vaporizes less vigorously and that the bromine is enriched in its liquidity on the volumes of the distributor tube the result would be more than one sinusity. -When the Iiotor is in operation, however, the liquid flowing on the walls of the distributor pipe contains mainly less than one. Unit Broau

· ■ dac • ^ griiSl luxb .H if r - gi ^ lgagä ^ rfei-il '

According to that of the tetraethyl lead, the "irTgiTder! temperature" changes, it is desirable. choose an aspiration temperature 'su, JiXe - ~ i5i suitable des-ioning from the actual conditions ' ■ ■ agjajpg ^ sst? Sain-gaagW "" lm ^ ertHSlXeirrep et'fet-r-js ^ LJmasajE ^ L ^ -

'- 12 -

'• fc: cg' ^ g.aleiiwagsgimteti. , ■ .yie. .. ■

Siatur ₉ . I have found that the temperature of the eye at 50 ° 0 corresponds to this information and that the damping pressure of the

TBT distribution in the Herfen serve is able to "Under conditions den.ungünstigsten hineichtlich the distribution of Setraäthylbleis in Sotor ^> LEVERAGING solid SrgebnieBe at 'use unvserer-Sat ^^^ ingsmittel expect * _s are their BaapjfSrucfce' at '50 ° 0 ^ j £ s? -fschen 0.5 and 2 cm of mercury lying _e Ser Sasipfdruek ^ ρ «Β ^> £» Φ ^ Ε11ι ^ 11ί1 ^ 1.-amount ^- -bjl .

^: \ '^;;:;^;.;-;^'.InvSR ^ ÄJiiplg BU die® lorstöMtnftea self η ^ ^eiterie:. Ägefiöeöäf ^ v .tß; .auigefiifert ^"-the: Eeteiguag smiitel' ..fiir, 'üand ^ lsiaÄsslge"-Sigluiig;^' Bittsea ^v '; should »; ^

rllis si e gk it en containing ßeinigungsinittel, Kuseeret ■ is wi.ßfetig; , for: äl © '; ferl & dung and .iagerftai MsT & rti ^ mi ^ WMsi ^^ & lfem ^ - either. fu ^ - ^ s; ^ie-h.'all; elii '^; -: oa «r" in Miscau & ii with. B'easineÄe- .; Sii'ter. Börstel en _.: 2 ? a: g @ rufig.s »■; unid _: 'fieri aiiingß bedls.gun@^i · pillow' slsii ^: klopfif ^ aistiC.I ^ ejatfesltejv / Xd ^ eXitfeB: -.

- _: ^ Ti ^ Qm, ^^ BB} m ^ & etzmif _; s «! fes% ^ esp. ; ia; imn @ n: -apefe ^ mÄ: l, s. & eX & i ~ gungsiaittel ^ rorixetnden are. If knock -proof, lead-containing fluids - egg ^ eit ^^ öd ^ r '^ äanslisf'fet- ^;; the; _: the © ⁶ "contain" - ^ lla © ?. 'eiÄÄ.: ^ $ elte «e * -von; asarerm ^:: paralyze stored ⁵ : be, ^ espaaers'at ^,;"<"■''elevated temperatures , is? t a high stability of the knock- proof en ^ l ^ ti & fXgkeXt sä. ' wSasebensw ^ j't * ■ .V. ' . ^{'.': Λ o,} v --i i / * · ν ^ '- / -.

fc'ens. the knock-proof liquid decomposes ^ either fall out ■■■ MelaaljBe -or remain in the .flow-i ^ sit ■ ", Is'Äsuag.s, ' © UB -: - äe *.: -.". eie- ' eich. Etebhei dsn- can * - if flMssl ^ elt - '. Mi-t ^ ^,: Benssln is gerdsoht, Me decomposition is accompanied by β en tv, i eklung, which ; lr8a: k ■ ersemgt, .'der see ta · des -.f * o ^ e3ji ^: '.uiaä '., sank- '' weiges .auskt ».". Yes? ail ■ ems'ter.er, Iersetguiig; · lasequence '^ edeutes «-"; ■ ". FafesstSsdigkeit the äëÿ -.- Kleff festes- -H- ⁱ IsBigkeftt ^e.rÄag; dey? '' ■■. ·: ■"; Ia * kefc '. auf.'eiaea Aerarfei-g. hahen '. amount ' to increase ». ' .; 4sl '^; . • ^ eekwer- · ■ den 0: the "'.Ser ^ eissea'". 'Öes; SehÄlters. the / consequence, is * / SexBftstiag · sea? - ■ disrupts the anti- knock properties of the lead compounds in the liquid and consequently creates the anti- knock effect that is expected when a certain volume is susceptible to knocking feet of liquid, unsure.

Event desired, the durability of the antiknock J ⁵ can Iuseigkeitsmiechung improved by adding certain Antiojcjdentien, such as the alkylsubetituiertan Fheaols ^ of Ü.S.Patents Sr. 2,361,377 laterally Vierden. In contrast to the good stability of our cleaning agents, many of the bromine

hydrocarbon oil, 'whose aolekulare structure does not coincide with our atenibeschreiburig ^, such as S ₈ B _e 1,1,2,2-tetrabromo than £ so unst & bil with Setraathylblei _f eelbet after addition of Antioxydenti s, in that it for use Trade as a single

'gaagamittelVimgeei ^ et einov ..'. · ..- ·. ·; .. _ <

could be seen, are unsatisfiedjl ^ lveil 'they react in the engine with the knock-proof Eleiverbindunj ^ a ^ and the anti-corrosion effect, the existing'"2on ^ £> ^ tration" of the lclepffeeteii lead compounds _reducej> J3iiser © cleaning agents' are in this - provides various & EKT the 2 & hl of Eeinicung ^ adttel ,. of dene ^ ^ ge selection Roif s 'to be, Gros is enough "that links © ASGE" ^ cnt' will be able to * iÄ "ag AntikIopf \ not weeent

, line, further © required properties for hand e IsiBiBgii ge I ^ unificationSffilttel is complete miscibility with the knock-proof lead compound even at low temperatures, so that the li'issung does not separate when it is further cold. "Stored or being processed Iails desired, can be the lowest JEesiper & tar for complete miscibility, by switching '" © ssts ein® common IiBsutigemittels further perpendicular © n _e © Ser same effect can also by a Verwendiuig. Iishasg of sw ei or more means of purification instead of "a single one obtained vy earth"

Our Eeinigungsmittel ktinnen with other lead compounds as f Etruscan & ätfaylblei be used, such as ^ fetrapropylblei Bisethyldilthyrslei and KethyltrlSthylbl egg. Where a iiiechung of high octane. "Leiverbindun .gen is used, the cleaning products can be made of our Brozakohl he emvess materials or Misehuag consist of SWEi or more of them * It is ge brluehlieh, a ■ mixture of anti-knock he Sleiv> rbindung and Detergents - and then this mixture siisaeetsenβ a gasoline. However, the KeiMgimgsiaittel- / and. the knock-proof compound can also be added separately to the fuel "- pi itf sxiiker ^ i- ? .Jinijungcs ... ttBuliga ^ Bioh sufficient to allow a selection for each special use. For example, where the selected HALTB ^ r-fe ^ itbeim camps is of predominant importance Icc nri ^^ fSere aromatiEichen Bromreiaigungsmittel, Werdejftf ^ whereas if particularly high is laughed narrowed "Inae · re Reiniguiigsfahigke.i ^^, unier © are saturated, sliphat iBchen ^^ fo ^ cohlenwaeserst offe preferable. Where the United t ^ eilung fffi engine besug zn of the SetraMthylbleis the main "p: RTF &" a..JüJüijet ^^ t d Q & fe eii 'a-

Yy χ: ί - * - * » ^{! 1 year}

Sinsen *

For the purpose of comparison, the quantities of the initial ingredients used in the above examples have been the same; However, s _{e e} B a Biniieit Bromfeohlenwasserstaff for BleiverMndungen in Plugseagbensinen and ZIischnng of half Sinheit Broaikoiileawasaerstoff and a Sinneit CFiorkoIlLeawasserstQff for BieiverMndKtagen in lotorbrennstoffen "They use our & einigungsmiti el is nioht feri table and therefore not begrenat by these details. PUr Slugaettgbrennstoffe were 8 to 1, 5 Binlieiten get the best results with singeing "ratios of 0 * and further" modifications can be made. We recommend Fir Sdtorenbrenaatoffe proportions of Seinignngsmitt el _f wis them 393,281 are listed third in the U. Patent Ir »■ Z.

Claims (1)

Dipl. Ing.Hellmuth Kosel K-5 6499 Ml 8iü Raientanwalt 20b) Bad Gandersheim, the 22nd, ÄUg & 0 $ .% Fj? Ö Braunschwelgerstr. 22 phone! Gandersheim 342 Ifjfe ^r I OorperatIss f- e a e f a t β a t ι s s ι f I e k ι · 1 »Ilepfff ^ sfenaeMeiiis llieefesag fßr MotoreaferemiBtoff * die eise - the ^ erMteMe leadwrMMmg © jatMlt, dsäsrefe ge feesH-saiefeset * that ele etas® © 4er several Isoiitefel & awasssrstQf - »- 'fe eat & H-t *. the mm.k vein dr © i .Ireasteai »© EIFI" three ■ Ms eelit E©bl.gii@-l; © .ffstöiffl © f »Äeis" i _s .. nelel aielt- »kr Al® a BroatateK With Each®: l © i4leas * ©: ffat; ös irerlM »d # B % st. _s miä: die eisea Ι) ββρ # - ... dr & ek vera'Vorliegend 0 * 2fels 6 Elllfeeter Qtteokeilber ^ esi ^ igu 2, Ifisetamg isdi Aj ^ psuefct 1 deöHrefa. ge & sraasaaictaet » that eiaeat Ba ^ £ d #aek vea Tersiegesd 0 _S 2 lis 6 millimeters Quecfc - * - eilber feet «rßiält *. 3- * ' Mimchssms »Aeäbi Äea Asspiflefcss 1 egg 2. thereby gekeaaaasiclt set» dees der "Iro» teelal © »waesergt ©: ff sis saturated» slipliatieöiier Brcmfcsfaleswassersioff _a eis eyelealiplmtlsöfeer- lrasfcolOea- wejssNsapetöfT © tar: ies fowaaetieefaer BrosfteMeismeeeretöif is .. 4 _e Miselaats ^ .Jteefe Mazmgm-Qh 1 d & dsijsöfo. gefc @iaffielsltB @t _a : that the SroffiteeJileswaeserstoff © aas eise », or 'aefererea QiteTmeL · - fcasea with · 4 © dw 5 EekleiisteffstomeB tests» «- % * li-lwelisiis liseii Mmpr & ^ t 4 iftiajsßh, the © © ie- emefe ice. © 4 mmmmm CMereltese sit 4 or 5 _p KofeLaBetoff- Sweet & tt & g. ae, eb. des && sprüe! aeäa 4 or 5 dedorek secrets ^ leh & et, dees sie 1 * 4 Mferosfeat.® ». eriÄlt. 7 «HiseIiUBg ..s®eli JatepraeiL % thereby. gefc @ £ & be «&& ety that is the © of BroaöEöÄleawasssrsteff Slbrontoluol, 8 · Itiseliaisg sack Äsetrsek 7 äadarsto. gekeniiseielmet that you smseerdeia eisen ßhlorkoitlee »seeersteff, ferzssgsweiee tri— efelorbeBsol, estbSlt » 1710/1 Jö / S ©. ». 9 «Mi» <ätasg miasäi den · Ifi ^ iritefesa I -S dadixreh ge .k @ 2mEaieto @t ». ös.s # die ä & m KlQptm. Bleiirerfe-Iii-- Ätuag tetröÄtfejrlliiei let ,: