DE972060C - Circuit with a cathode ray tube to steer the beam into various stable positions - Google Patents
Circuit with a cathode ray tube to steer the beam into various stable positionsInfo
- Publication number
- DE972060C DE972060C DEP33347D DEP0033347D DE972060C DE 972060 C DE972060 C DE 972060C DE P33347 D DEP33347 D DE P33347D DE P0033347 D DEP0033347 D DE P0033347D DE 972060 C DE972060 C DE 972060C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- cathode ray
- bundle
- ray tube
- deflection
- change
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 230000008685 targeting Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/51—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used
- H03K17/88—By the use, as active elements, of beam-deflection tubes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J31/00—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes
- H01J31/02—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes having one or more output electrodes which may be impacted selectively by the ray or beam, and onto, from, or over which the ray or beam may be deflected or de-focused
- H01J31/04—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes having one or more output electrodes which may be impacted selectively by the ray or beam, and onto, from, or over which the ray or beam may be deflected or de-focused with only one or two output electrodes with only two electrically independant groups or electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J31/00—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes
- H01J31/02—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes having one or more output electrodes which may be impacted selectively by the ray or beam, and onto, from, or over which the ray or beam may be deflected or de-focused
- H01J31/06—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes having one or more output electrodes which may be impacted selectively by the ray or beam, and onto, from, or over which the ray or beam may be deflected or de-focused with more than two output electrodes, e.g. for multiple switching or counting
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K29/00—Pulse counters comprising multi-stable elements, e.g. for ternary scale, for decimal scale; Analogous frequency dividers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q3/00—Selecting arrangements
- H04Q3/42—Circuit arrangements for indirect selecting controlled by common circuits, e.g. register controller, marker
- H04Q3/52—Circuit arrangements for indirect selecting controlled by common circuits, e.g. register controller, marker using static devices in switching stages, e.g. electronic switching arrangements
- H04Q3/525—Circuit arrangements for indirect selecting controlled by common circuits, e.g. register controller, marker using static devices in switching stages, e.g. electronic switching arrangements using tubes in the switching stages
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Details Of Television Scanning (AREA)
- Cathode-Ray Tubes And Fluorescent Screens For Display (AREA)
- X-Ray Techniques (AREA)
- Video Image Reproduction Devices For Color Tv Systems (AREA)
- Measurement Of Radiation (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Electron Tubes, Discharge Lamp Vessels, Lead-In Wires, And The Like (AREA)
- Pyridine Compounds (AREA)
Description
In dem Hauptpatent 970 182 ist ein Schaltung mit einer Kathodenstrahlröhre behandelt, die nur eine Vorrichtung zur Ablenkung des Elektronenstrahlbündels in einer einzigen Ebene, der mittelbar oder unmittelbar Impulse zur Verlagerung des Bündels zugeführt werden, sowie eine erste und wenigstens eine weitere Fangelektrode besitzt, die so angeordnet sind, daß die Mitte des Bündels bei der Ablenkung die Elemente des ersten und die der weiteren Fangelektroden abwechselnd trifft, wobei die erste Fangelektrode über einen Widerstand mit dem positiven Pol einer Spannungsquelle und mit einer der Ablenkelektroden verbunden bzw. so gekoppelt sind, daß das Bündel eine Anzahl stabiler Lagen einnehmen kann, in denen eine Stromverteilung zwischen den Fangelektroden auftritt.In the main patent 970 182 is a circuit treated with a cathode ray tube, which only has a device for deflecting the electron beam in a single level that directly or indirectly stimulates the shifting of the Bundle are fed, and has a first and at least one further collecting electrode which are arranged so that the center of the beam when deflected, the elements of the first and those of the alternately meets further targeting electrodes, the first targeting electrode with a resistor the positive pole of a voltage source and connected or so coupled to one of the deflection electrodes are that the bundle can assume a number of stable positions in which a current distribution occurs between the collecting electrodes.
Bei dieser Schaltung weist die Stromstärke in wenigstens einem mit einer an der Stromverteilung teilnehmenden Elektrode verbundenen Kreis als Funktion der Bündelablemkung eine Anzahl von so Maxima und Minima auf, deren Werte sich in, Abhängigkeit von der Ablenkung monoton und im gleichen Sinne ändern.In this circuit, the current intensity has at least one with one on the current distribution participating electrode connected circle as a function of the beam deflection a number of so Maxima and minima, the values of which are monotonous and im depending on the deflection same sense change.
Bei einer solchen Schaltung ist es nun notwendig, das Kathodenstrahlbündel von einer Lage in die andere zu lenken; dafür sind in dem HauptpatentWith such a circuit it is now necessary to move the cathode ray beam from one position to the directing others; for this are in the main patent
909 512ΛΒ909 512ΛΒ
bereits mehrere Lösungen angegeben, welche im wesentlichen die Spannungsänderung an den Ablenkplatten oder die Stromänderung in den. Ablenkspulen benutzen.several solutions have already been given, which essentially change the voltage on the baffles or the change in current in the. Use deflection coils.
Die vorliegende Schaltung bezieht sich auf eine weitere Lösung dieses Problems, und erfmdungsgemäß wird daher zur Bewegung des Kathodens.trahlbündels aus einer Lage in die andere die Stromstärke des Kathodenstrahlbündels derart geändert, daß die Zahl der stabilen Einstellungen des Bündels auf höchstens zwei herabgesetzt wird, und die Stromstärkeänderung wird aufgehoben, sobald die von ihr herbeigeführte Änderung in der Ablenkung des Kathodenstrahlbündels nahezu gleich der zum Erreichen der gewünschten Lage erforderlichen Ablenkung ist.The present circuit relates to a further solution to this problem, and according to the invention is therefore used to move the Kathodens.trahlbündels from one position to the other Amperage of the cathode ray beam changed so that the number of stable settings of the Bundle is reduced to a maximum of two, and the change in amperage is canceled as soon as the change it brings about in the deflection of the cathode ray beam is almost the same the distraction required to achieve the desired location.
Die Schaltung gemäß der Erfindung wird an Hand der Zeichnung näher erläutert.The circuit according to the invention is explained in more detail with reference to the drawing.
Die Kathodenstrahlröhre 1 in Fig. 1 enthält an ao sich bekannte, hier nur schematisch dargestellte Mittel zur Erzeugung eines Kathodenstrahlbündels, einen Plattensatz 2 zur Ablenkung des Bündels sowie zwei Auffangelektroden 3 und 4. Die Elektrode 3 ist derart ausgebildet, daß wenigstens ein Teil des Bündels bei der Ablenkung entweder die Elektrode 3 oder die Elektrode 4 trifft. Sie kann zu diesem Zweck z. B. mit geeignet gewählten öffnungen versehen sein.The cathode ray tube 1 in Fig. 1 includes ao known, shown here only schematically Means for generating a cathode ray beam, a plate set 2 for deflecting the beam and two collecting electrodes 3 and 4. The electrode 3 is designed such that at least one Part of the bundle hits either electrode 3 or electrode 4 when deflected. You can too for this purpose z. B. be provided with suitably selected openings.
Über eine Leitung 5 ist die Elektrode 3 mit der positiven Klemme einer Spannungsquelle verbunden, deren negative Klemme mit der Kathode der Kathodenstrahlröhre in Verbindung steht. Die positive Klemme dieser Spannungsquelle ist auch über einen Widerstand 6 und eine Leitung 7 mit der Auffangelektrode 4 verbunden; das von der Spannungsquelle abgekehrte Ende des Widerstandes 6 ist mit einer der Ablenkplatten verbunden.The electrode 3 is connected to the positive terminal of a voltage source via a line 5, whose negative terminal is connected to the cathode of the cathode ray tube. the positive terminal of this voltage source is also via a resistor 6 and a line 7 with the Collecting electrode 4 connected; the end of the resistor 6 facing away from the voltage source is connected to one of the baffles.
Bei einer solchen Schaltung weist der Strom ia in dem Kreis 7 als Funktion der herbeigeführten Ablenkung, welche durch den Spannungsunterschied V zwischen den Ablenkplatten bedingt wird, mehrere Maxima und Minima auf, wie sie in Fig. 2 durch die Kurve 8 dargestellt sind. Bei geeigneter Wahl der öffnungen in der Elektrode 3 nehmen sowohl die Werte der Maxima als auch der Minima bei Zunahme der Ablenkspannung monoton ab.In such a circuit, the current i a in the circuit 7 as a function of the deflection caused, which is caused by the voltage difference V between the deflection plates, has several maxima and minima, as shown in FIG. 2 by the curve 8. With a suitable choice of the openings in the electrode 3, both the values of the maxima and the minima decrease monotonically as the deflection voltage increases.
Die an den Ablenkplatten auftretende Spannung V, welche dem Widerstand 6 entnommen wird, steht ferner in linearem Verhältnis zu dem diesen Widerstand durchfließenden Strom ia; diese Beziehung ist durch die Widerstandslinie 9 in Fig. 2 angegeben. Der Widerstand 6 ist dabei derart gewählt, daß die Linie 9 die Kurve 8 in einer Zahl von Punkten schneidet. Wie es in dem Hauptpatent erklärt wurde, ergeben die Schnittpunkte 10 bis 14 einschließlich stabile Lagen für das Kathodenstrahlbündel. Die zwischen diesen Punkten liegenden Schnittpunkte sind labil. Angenommen wird, daß das Kathodenstrahlbündel eine Lage einnimmt, welche dem Schnittpunkt 12 der Kurve 8 und der geraden Linie 9 entspricht. Dieser Lage entspricht eine Ablenkspannung V1. Soll sodann das Bündel in einer Lage benutzt werden, welche dem Schnittpunkt 11 entspricht, der mit einer Ablenkspannung F2 übereinstimmt, so kann dies mittels der vorliegenden Schaltung auf folgende Weise durchgeführt werden: The voltage V occurring at the deflection plates, which is taken from the resistor 6, is also in a linear relationship to the current i a flowing through this resistor; this relationship is indicated by the resistance line 9 in FIG. The resistor 6 is chosen such that the line 9 intersects the curve 8 at a number of points. As explained in the main patent, the points of intersection 10 to 14, inclusive, result in stable positions for the cathode ray beam. The intersection points between these points are unstable. It is assumed that the cathode ray beam assumes a position which corresponds to the intersection point 12 of the curve 8 and the straight line 9. A deflection voltage V 1 corresponds to this position . If the bundle is then to be used in a position which corresponds to the point of intersection 11, which corresponds to a deflection voltage F 2 , this can be carried out by means of the present circuit in the following way:
Einer Steuerelektrode 15 der Kathodenstrahlröhre ι wird ein positiver Spannungsimpuls^ zugeführt, der z. B. die bei 16 angegebene Form aufweisen kann. Folglich nimmt die Stromstärke des Kathodenstrahlbündels zu, wodurch auch der Strom im Ausgangskreis 7 zunehmen wird, so daß dieser größeren Stromstärke eine Kurve der in Fig. 2 mit 17 angedeuteten Form entspricht. Die meisten der ursprünglich vorhandenen Schnittpunkte 10 bis 14 einschließlich kommen hierdurch in Fortfall, mit Ausnahme des linken Schnittpunktes, der nur verschoben wird·, und gegebenenfalls des bei der größten Ablenkspannung liegenden Schnittpunktes. Infolge der Stromzunaihme hat auch der Spannungsabfall an dem Widerstand 6 zugenommen, so daß die wirksame Gesamtablenkspannung herabgesetzt und das Bündel sich nach links bewegen wird. Die Dauer des Impulses 16 muß derart gewählt werden, daß die Stromzunahme ungefähr in dem Augenblick beendet wird, in dem das Bündel sich über einen nahezu dem Spannungsunterschied V1-Vz entsprechenden Abstand nach links bewegt hat. Da dann die ursprüngliche Kurve 8 wieder auftritt und daher auch der stabile Punkt 11 wieder vorhanden ist, wird sich das Bündel in der gewünschten Lage einstellen.A control electrode 15 of the cathode ray tube ι a positive voltage pulse ^ is fed to the z. B. can have the form indicated at 16. As a result, the current intensity of the cathode ray beam increases, as a result of which the current in the output circuit 7 will also increase, so that a curve of the shape indicated by 17 in FIG. 2 corresponds to this greater current intensity. Most of the originally existing intersection points 10 to 14 inclusive are thereby omitted, with the exception of the left intersection point, which is only shifted, and possibly the intersection point located at the greatest deflection voltage. As a result of the increase in current, the voltage drop across the resistor 6 has also increased, so that the effective total deflection voltage is reduced and the beam will move to the left. The duration of the pulse 16 must be chosen such that the increase in current is terminated approximately at the moment in which the beam has moved to the left over a distance almost corresponding to the voltage difference V 1 -Vz. Since the original curve 8 then occurs again and therefore the stable point 11 is also present again, the bundle will adjust itself in the desired position.
Es kann noch bemerkt werden^ daß die Einstellung der richtigen Impulsdauer nicht kritisch ist, da, wie es in der Kurve 8 mit Pfeilen angedeutet ist, zu beiden Seiten eines stabilen Punktes die Neigung zur Einstellung im stabilen Punkt bestehen wird. Sobald das Bündel eine Lage einnimmt, welche einer Ablenkspannung kleiner als Vs entspricht (diese Spannung entspricht dem labilen Schnittpunkt 18), so wird bereits die Neigung zur Bewegung zum stabilen Punkt 11 bestehen. Es ist aber vorteilhaft, dafür zu sorgen, daß die Zeitdauer des Impulses derart gewählt wird, daß die Ablenkung am Ende dieses Impulses einer Spannung entspricht, welche zwischen F4 und V5 liegt, die den beiden Extremen der Kurve 8 zu beiden Seiten der gewünschten stabilen Einstellung 11 entsprechen. It can also be noted that the setting of the correct pulse duration is not critical, since, as indicated in curve 8 with arrows, there will be a tendency to set the stable point on both sides of a stable point. As soon as the bundle assumes a position which corresponds to a deflection voltage less than V s (this voltage corresponds to the unstable intersection point 18), the tendency to move to the stable point 11 will already exist. However, it is advantageous to ensure that the duration of the pulse is chosen so that the deflection at the end of this pulse corresponds to a voltage which is between F 4 and V 5 , which corresponds to the two extremes of curve 8 on either side of the desired correspond to stable setting 11.
Falls eine Änderung der Lage in der anderen Richtung gewünscht wird, also z. B. von dem Punkt 12 zu dem Punkt 13, so1 kann dies dadurch erreicht wenden, daß der Steuerelektrode 15 ein negativer Impuls solcher Größe zugeführt wird, daß die meisten stabilemEinstallungen verschwinden, woraus sich das Bündel nach rechts bewegen wird und wieder in der Nähe der gewünschten Einstellung ' durch Beendigung dieses Impulses aufgefangen werden kann.If a change in the position in the other direction is desired, e.g. B. from the point 12 to the point 13, so 1, this can turn achieved in that the control electrode 15 of such size is fed to a negative pulse that most stable my stables disappear, resulting in the bundle will move to the right and again near the desired setting 'can be caught by ending this pulse.
Claims (2)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NL278394X | 1946-10-23 | ||
NL2532738X | 1948-03-20 | ||
NL2561057X | 1948-05-05 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE972060C true DE972060C (en) | 1959-05-14 |
Family
ID=32234026
Family Applications (3)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DEP25645A Expired DE970182C (en) | 1946-10-23 | 1948-12-21 | Circuit with a cathode ray tube to steer the beam into various stable positions |
DEP33347D Expired DE972060C (en) | 1946-10-23 | 1949-02-05 | Circuit with a cathode ray tube to steer the beam into various stable positions |
DEP39075D Expired DE972028C (en) | 1946-10-23 | 1949-04-07 | Circuit with a cathode ray tube to steer the beam into various stable positions |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DEP25645A Expired DE970182C (en) | 1946-10-23 | 1948-12-21 | Circuit with a cathode ray tube to steer the beam into various stable positions |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DEP39075D Expired DE972028C (en) | 1946-10-23 | 1949-04-07 | Circuit with a cathode ray tube to steer the beam into various stable positions |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (3) | US2591981A (en) |
BE (3) | BE478917A (en) |
CH (3) | CH278394A (en) |
DE (3) | DE970182C (en) |
FR (3) | FR59153E (en) |
GB (5) | GB684574A (en) |
NL (3) | NL75979C (en) |
Families Citing this family (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BE495017A (en) * | 1949-04-09 | |||
NL154187B (en) * | 1949-06-29 | Kamlet Edna Yadven | METHOD FOR PREPARING AN ARTIFICIAL MANURE PRODUCT AND FORMED ARTIFICIAL MANURE PRODUCTS OBTAINED UNDER THIS METHOD. | |
NL151656B (en) * | 1950-02-14 | 1955-10-15 | Du Pont | PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING ARTICLES FROM A FINE DISTRIBUTED POWDER OF A LINEAR, AROMATIC POLYMERIC RESIN AND ARTICLE MADE BY THE PROCESS. |
US2644909A (en) * | 1950-03-06 | 1953-07-07 | Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co | Circuit-arrangement comprising a cathode-ray tube |
US2806173A (en) * | 1951-01-09 | 1957-09-10 | Philco Corp | Signal amplitude limiting circuits |
US2807747A (en) * | 1952-07-05 | 1957-09-24 | Nat Union Electric Corp | Pulse-counting systems |
DE961643C (en) * | 1952-10-06 | 1957-04-11 | Guenther H Krawinkel Dr Ing | Electronic switch |
US2875372A (en) * | 1953-03-30 | 1959-02-24 | Itt | Information location circuit |
US2816231A (en) * | 1953-09-29 | 1957-12-10 | High Voltage Engineering Corp | Method and apparatus for imparting a scanning movement to a beam of charged particles |
US2882443A (en) * | 1955-01-27 | 1959-04-14 | Roy E Nather | High speed pulse counting circuits |
US2905854A (en) * | 1955-06-06 | 1959-09-22 | Hazeltine Research Inc | Electron-discharge device |
US2887612A (en) * | 1956-10-17 | 1959-05-19 | Gen Dynamics Corp | Coding and decoding device utilizing a cathode ray type tube |
US3355620A (en) * | 1963-12-02 | 1967-11-28 | Tektronix Inc | Pulse counter tube employing voltage feedback from target to beam deflection electrodes isolated from any d. c. reference voltage |
US3793551A (en) * | 1970-06-01 | 1974-02-19 | Ind Electronic Engineers | Display tube |
GB1547964A (en) * | 1975-07-11 | 1979-07-04 | Emi Ltd | Electron beam deflection arrangements |
Family Cites Families (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1257971A (en) * | 1917-02-17 | 1918-03-05 | Joseph Bethenod | Generator of sustained electric oscillations. |
US2011920A (en) * | 1930-07-31 | 1935-08-20 | Rca Corp | Oscillator |
US2107410A (en) * | 1936-07-30 | 1938-02-08 | Rca Corp | Automatic gain control circuit |
DE708516C (en) * | 1938-07-24 | 1941-07-23 | Fernseh Gmbh | Method for frequency division by means of a cathode ray tube |
US2204055A (en) * | 1938-11-25 | 1940-06-11 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Telephone system |
US2224677A (en) * | 1939-03-23 | 1940-12-10 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Signaling system |
US2395299A (en) * | 1939-11-13 | 1946-02-19 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Electron discharge apparatus |
GB549358A (en) * | 1941-04-01 | 1942-11-18 | Ruben Hadekel | Improvements in or relating to telegraph apparatus |
US2446945A (en) * | 1942-08-25 | 1948-08-10 | Rca Corp | Electronic computing device |
US2390250A (en) * | 1942-11-03 | 1945-12-04 | Rca Corp | Cathode ray tube and circuit |
US2436677A (en) * | 1942-12-31 | 1948-02-24 | Rca Corp | Incremental deflection of cathoderay beam |
US2404106A (en) * | 1943-08-13 | 1946-07-16 | Rca Corp | Electronic calculating device |
BE464957A (en) * | 1945-05-02 | |||
US2463535A (en) * | 1946-03-22 | 1949-03-08 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Electron discharge device |
US2473691A (en) * | 1947-08-05 | 1949-06-21 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Stabilization of cathode beam tubes |
-
0
- BE BE488847D patent/BE488847A/xx unknown
- NL NL80422D patent/NL80422C/xx active
- FR FR957510D patent/FR957510A/fr not_active Expired
- BE BE487996D patent/BE487996A/xx unknown
- BE BE478917D patent/BE478917A/xx unknown
- NL NL77382D patent/NL77382C/xx active
- NL NL75979D patent/NL75979C/xx active
-
1947
- 1947-11-25 CH CH278394D patent/CH278394A/en unknown
- 1947-12-10 US US790874A patent/US2591981A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1947-12-16 GB GB26249/50A patent/GB684574A/en not_active Expired
- 1947-12-16 GB GB33132/47A patent/GB684552A/en not_active Expired
-
1948
- 1948-12-21 DE DEP25645A patent/DE970182C/en not_active Expired
-
1949
- 1949-02-05 DE DEP33347D patent/DE972060C/en not_active Expired
- 1949-02-17 US US76924A patent/US2532738A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1949-03-17 GB GB7319/49A patent/GB697642A/en not_active Expired
- 1949-03-18 CH CH293922D patent/CH293922A/en unknown
- 1949-03-18 FR FR59153D patent/FR59153E/en not_active Expired
- 1949-04-07 DE DEP39075D patent/DE972028C/en not_active Expired
- 1949-04-30 US US90602A patent/US2561057A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1949-05-02 GB GB13681/53A patent/GB702263A/en not_active Expired
- 1949-05-02 GB GB11650/49A patent/GB702198A/en not_active Expired
- 1949-05-03 FR FR60631D patent/FR60631E/en not_active Expired
- 1949-05-03 CH CH293923D patent/CH293923A/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR59153E (en) | 1954-05-06 |
GB684574A (en) | 1952-12-17 |
CH293922A (en) | 1953-10-15 |
FR957510A (en) | 1950-02-23 |
NL77382C (en) | |
DE972028C (en) | 1959-05-06 |
US2591981A (en) | 1952-04-08 |
GB697642A (en) | 1953-09-30 |
BE478917A (en) | |
CH293923A (en) | 1953-10-15 |
GB702263A (en) | 1954-01-13 |
BE487996A (en) | |
FR60631E (en) | 1954-11-22 |
US2532738A (en) | 1950-12-05 |
BE488847A (en) | |
GB684552A (en) | 1952-12-17 |
NL80422C (en) | |
NL75979C (en) | |
US2561057A (en) | 1951-07-17 |
DE970182C (en) | 1958-08-28 |
CH278394A (en) | 1951-10-15 |
GB702198A (en) | 1954-01-13 |
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