DE947593C - Crankshaft drive with variable stroke by means of a helical crankshaft - Google Patents

Crankshaft drive with variable stroke by means of a helical crankshaft

Info

Publication number
DE947593C
DE947593C DET9025A DET0009025A DE947593C DE 947593 C DE947593 C DE 947593C DE T9025 A DET9025 A DE T9025A DE T0009025 A DET0009025 A DE T0009025A DE 947593 C DE947593 C DE 947593C
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
push rod
crankshaft
fork
axis
drive
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DET9025A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Werner Barkowski
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dr Thiedig GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Dr Thiedig GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dr Thiedig GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Dr Thiedig GmbH and Co KG
Priority to DET9025A priority Critical patent/DE947593C/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE947593C publication Critical patent/DE947593C/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B9/00Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members
    • F04B9/02Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being mechanical
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B1/00Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B1/04Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders in star- or fan-arrangement
    • F04B1/053Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders in star- or fan-arrangement with actuating or actuated elements at the inner ends of the cylinders
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H39/00Rotary fluid gearing using pumps and motors of the volumetric type, i.e. passing a predetermined volume of fluid per revolution
    • F16H39/04Rotary fluid gearing using pumps and motors of the volumetric type, i.e. passing a predetermined volume of fluid per revolution with liquid motor and pump combined in one unit
    • F16H39/06Rotary fluid gearing using pumps and motors of the volumetric type, i.e. passing a predetermined volume of fluid per revolution with liquid motor and pump combined in one unit pump and motor being of the same type
    • F16H39/08Rotary fluid gearing using pumps and motors of the volumetric type, i.e. passing a predetermined volume of fluid per revolution with liquid motor and pump combined in one unit pump and motor being of the same type each with one main shaft and provided with pistons reciprocating in cylinders
    • F16H39/16Rotary fluid gearing using pumps and motors of the volumetric type, i.e. passing a predetermined volume of fluid per revolution with liquid motor and pump combined in one unit pump and motor being of the same type each with one main shaft and provided with pistons reciprocating in cylinders with cylinders arranged perpendicular to the main axis of the gearing

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)

Description

Für Flüssigkeits- und Gasumlaufpumpen, in einigen Fällen auch für Gasverdichter, benötigt man Kurbeltriebwerke, deren Hub von Null bis zu einem Maximum kontinuierlich veränderbar ist. Durch eine solche Veränderung des Hubes kann man die geförderte Flüssigkeits- bzw. Gasmenge gut reproduzierbar einregulieren.- Für die Praxis ist hierbei wichtig, daß die Hubverstellung während des Betriebes erfolgen kann, damit eine bestimmte, den jeweiligen Betriebsverhältnissen angepaßte Fördermenge eingestellt werden kann.For liquid and gas circulation pumps, in some cases also for Gas compressors, you need crank drives whose stroke from zero to a maximum is continuously changeable. By changing the stroke like this, you can Adjust the amount of liquid or gas conveyed in a reproducible manner In practice, it is important that the stroke adjustment takes place during operation can, so a certain, the respective operating conditions adapted flow rate can be adjusted.

Es gibt für dieses Problem prinzipiell drei Lösungsmöglichkeiten: I. Die starre Verbindung zwischen dem Kurbeltrieb und dem Kolben wird unterbrochen, und der freie Hub des Kolbens wird durch einen einstellbaren Anschlag veränderlich gemacht. Die Rückholung des Kolbens wird durch eine starke Feder erzielt. Der Kolben kann jedoch der Schubstange nur so lange folgen, bis er auf den veränderlichen Anschlag trifft. Von da ab läuft die Schubstange allein bis zum hinteren Totpunkt und wieder vor, bis er den Kolben erreicht und gegen die Federkraft bis zum vorderen Totpunkt schiebt. Da der Anschlag auch während des Betriebes einstellbar ist, können mit dieser Methode die gestellten Forderungen erfüllt werden. Diese Methode kann nur für kleinere Leistungen angewendet werden, da die mögliche Rückholkraft der Feder beschränkt ist und die Flächenpressung am Kolben zu groß wird.There are basically three possible solutions to this problem: I. The rigid connection between the crank mechanism and the piston is interrupted, and the free stroke of the piston is variable by means of an adjustable stop made. The return of the piston is achieved by a strong spring. The piston however, the push rod can only follow until it hits the variable stop meets. From then on, the push rod runs alone to the rear dead center and again before until it reaches the piston and against the spring force to the front dead center pushes. Since the stop can also be adjusted during operation, you can use this method meets the requirements. This method can only can be used for smaller services because of the possible return force of the spring is limited and the surface pressure on the piston is too great.

2. Man verwendet einen Exzentertrieb, dessen Exzenterbolzen durch einen Spindeltrieb verschiebbare Keile, Nocken oder sonstige Mechanismen während des Betriebes verschiebbar ist. Der Aufbau derartiger Verstellmechanismen ist aber ziemlich kompliziert und störanfällig. Es können nur kleine Kolbenkräfte damit übertragen werden.2. One uses an eccentric drive, the eccentric pin through a spindle drive sliding wedges, cams or other mechanisms during of the operation is movable. The structure of such adjustment mechanisms is quite complicated and prone to failure. It can only transmit small piston forces with it will.

3. Bei einer anderen bekannten Lösung wird ein Pleuel von einer Exzenterscheibe betätigt, welche in Kraftschluß mit einer hülsenartig ausgebildeten, nicht verschiebbaren Antriebswelle gehalten wird, während sie in formschlüssiger Verbindung mit einem sich mit der Antriebshülse mitdrehenden schrägen, abgeflachten Verstellteil steht, welcher in der Hülse axial verschiebbar angeordnet ist. Durch Verschiebung des Verstellteiles wird die Exzentrizität der Exzenterscheibe und damit der Hub des mit dem Pleuel offenbar gelenkig verbundenen Pumpenkolbens verändert.3. In another known solution, a connecting rod is driven by an eccentric disk actuated, which in a frictional connection with a sleeve-like, non-displaceable Drive shaft is held while in positive engagement with a inclined, flattened adjustment part that rotates with the drive sleeve, which is arranged axially displaceably in the sleeve. By moving the adjustment part becomes the eccentricity of the eccentric disk and thus the stroke of the connecting rod apparently articulated pump piston changed.

Das dritte Verfahren hat den Vorteil, daß das gesamte Triebwerk stets kraftschlüssig ist. Man kann prinzipiell mit dieser Methode Triebwerke bis zu den größten Leistungen bauen. Die Schwierigkeit hierbei liegt nur in der Kraftübertragung von der Antriebswelle auf die Schubstange, da sich die Antriebshülse bei jeder Kurbelwellenumdrehung nicht nur auf einem Kreis in einer Ebene bewegt, sondern auch noch seine Winkelstellung zur Schubstangenachse in zwei Ebenen ständig ändert. Man ist daher gezwungen, in den Kraftweg von der Antriebswelle zur Schubstange zwei Kreuzgelenke oder zwei Kugelgelenke einzuschalten. Das ergibt eine Konstruktion, die nicht nur sehr teuer, sondern besonders auch sehr störanfällig ist.The third method has the advantage that the entire engine is always is frictional. In principle, this method can be used to drive up to the engines build greatest achievements. The only difficulty here is the power transmission from the drive shaft to the push rod, as the drive sleeve moves with every revolution of the crankshaft not only moves on a circle in a plane, but also its angular position to the push rod axis constantly changes in two planes. One is therefore forced to go into the power path from the drive shaft to the push rod is two universal joints or two ball joints to turn on. This results in a construction that is not only very expensive, but special is also very prone to failure.

Erfindungsgemäß weist die zwecks Erreichung einer Hubverstellung des Kolbens in axialer Richtung verschiebbare Kurbelwelle 6 einen Pleuelzapfen I auf, der mit der Kurbelwelle einen Winkel α bildet, wobei die Einzelelemente an sich bekannt sind und die Erfindung nur in der Kombination der verwendeten geläufigen Bauelemente bei einem Kurbeltrieb für hubveränderliche Kolbenpumpen und -kompressoren zu erblicken ist. Die Schubstange 9 ist an ihrem dem Kolbenende abgekehrten Ende mit einer Gabel Io versehen, in deren Augen 3 die am Pleuellager 5 angeordneten Gabelzapfen 4 gelagert sind. Die bei Verwendung dieser Bauelemente für die Bewegungsumformung erforderlichen Freiheitsgrade sind dadurch gewährleistet, daß die Gabelzapfen 4 in den Gabelaugen um mindestens das doppelte maximale Kröpfungsmaß verschiebbar und außerdem drehbar gelagert ist, während die Gabel Io abgesehen von der Verschiebbarkeit um die maximale Hubhöhe auch um den doppelten Bleuelzapfenwinkel drehbar ist. Die Schubstange 9 kann dann, falls der Kolben eine Drehbewegung ausführen darf, starr mit dem Kolben oder wenn dies nicht möglich ist, über ein Drehgelenk verbunden werden. Die bei der Verschiebung der Kurbelwelle 6 auftretenden Querkräfte werden von der Schubstangenführung 8 aufgenommen.According to the invention, in order to achieve a stroke adjustment of the Piston axially displaceable crankshaft 6 on a connecting rod pin I, which forms an angle α with the crankshaft, the individual elements at are known and the invention only in the combination of the familiar ones used Components in a crank drive for variable stroke piston pumps and compressors can be seen. The push rod 9 is at its end facing away from the piston end provided with a fork Io, in the eyes 3 of which are arranged on the connecting rod bearing 5 Fork pin 4 are mounted. When using these components for motion conversion The necessary degrees of freedom are guaranteed in that the fork pins 4 Slidable in the fork eyes by at least twice the maximum offset and is also rotatably mounted, while the fork Io apart from the displaceability can also be rotated by double the bleuel pin angle by the maximum lifting height. the Push rod 9 can then, if the piston is allowed to execute a rotary movement, rigid be connected to the piston or, if this is not possible, via a swivel joint. The transverse forces occurring during the displacement of the crankshaft 6 are of the Push rod guide 8 added.

Claims (1)

PATENTANSPRÜCHE: I. Kurbeltrieb für Kolbenpumpen und -kompressoren mit veränderlichem Hub und mit geradegeführter Schubstange, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daB die Kurbelwelle (6) axial verschiebbar ist und ihre Achse mit der Achse des Hubzapfens (I) einen spitzen Winkel bildet und daß die Schubstange (9) in einer Gabel (Io) endet, die um die Schubstangenachse drehbar ist, während das den Hubzapfen (i) umfassende Schubstangenlager (5) mit zwei Gabelzapfen (4) versehen ist, mittels deren es in Augen (3) der Gabel (i o) drehbar und senkrecht zur Schubstangenachse verschiebbar gelagert ist. a. Kurbeltriebwerk nach Anspruch i, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die an der Gabel angreifende Schubstange in einer Schubstangenführung (8) gelagert ist. In Betracht gezogene Druckschriften: Deutsche Patentschritt Nr. 754 174; schweizerische Patentschrift Nr. 233 64o; Beyer, »Technische Kinematik« (193z), S.88.PATENT CLAIMS: I. Crankshaft drives for piston pumps and compressors with variable stroke and with straight-guided push rod, characterized in that that the crankshaft (6) is axially displaceable and its axis with the axis of the Crank pin (I) forms an acute angle and that the push rod (9) in a Fork (Io) ends, which is rotatable about the push rod axis, while the crank pin (I) comprehensive push rod bearing (5) is provided with two fork pins (4) by means of whose eyes (3) of the fork (i o) are rotatable and perpendicular to the push rod axis is slidably mounted. a. Crank drive according to claim i, characterized in that that the push rod engaging the fork is mounted in a push rod guide (8) is. Documents considered: German Patent Step No. 754 174; Swiss U.S. Patent No. 233,640; Beyer, "Technische Kinematik" (193z), p.88.
DET9025A 1954-02-12 1954-02-12 Crankshaft drive with variable stroke by means of a helical crankshaft Expired DE947593C (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DET9025A DE947593C (en) 1954-02-12 1954-02-12 Crankshaft drive with variable stroke by means of a helical crankshaft

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DET9025A DE947593C (en) 1954-02-12 1954-02-12 Crankshaft drive with variable stroke by means of a helical crankshaft

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE947593C true DE947593C (en) 1956-08-16

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DET9025A Expired DE947593C (en) 1954-02-12 1954-02-12 Crankshaft drive with variable stroke by means of a helical crankshaft

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2829526A (en) * 1957-07-24 1958-04-08 Hugh E Riordan Mechanical oscillator
DE1121026B (en) * 1956-12-29 1962-01-04 Th Speckboetel Fa Multi-head wire stitching machine

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH233640A (en) * 1943-04-28 1944-08-15 Strasser Erwin Crank mechanisms, in particular for fuel pumps.
DE754174C (en) * 1942-05-09 1953-06-15 Forschungsanstalt Prof Junkers Swash plate gear for opposed piston machines

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE754174C (en) * 1942-05-09 1953-06-15 Forschungsanstalt Prof Junkers Swash plate gear for opposed piston machines
CH233640A (en) * 1943-04-28 1944-08-15 Strasser Erwin Crank mechanisms, in particular for fuel pumps.

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1121026B (en) * 1956-12-29 1962-01-04 Th Speckboetel Fa Multi-head wire stitching machine
US2829526A (en) * 1957-07-24 1958-04-08 Hugh E Riordan Mechanical oscillator

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