DE947419C - Metal working fluids made from natural or synthetic lubricating oils - Google Patents

Description

Metalworking fluids made from natural or synthetic Lubricating oils It is well known that when there is high pressure between the tool and the workpiece, such as he z. -B. occurs on machine tools with high machining or cutting performance, the oil film easily ruptured. This leads to destruction. the, surface of the workpiece and premature wear of the tool.

The invention relates to metalworking fluids from natural or synthetic lubricating oils due to their special composition excellent properties in terms of wear and abrasion resistance the cutting and non-cutting deformation.

It has been found that lubricating oils of natural or synthetic origin can be obtained by adding, based on the lubricating oil, x to 15 percent by weight of a sulfur-containing organic compound according to Patent 925 192, 929 38q., .G26 68o, 926 681 and 927 or 927 87.0, further from o, ooi to 0.05 weight percent of an oil-soluble acidic ester of the acids of phosphorus, also from o, o2 to 2 weight percent of a solubilizer according to patent 929 384 and from o, = to 2 weight percent of a corrosion inhibitor, expediently according to U.S. Patent 933,048, maintains excellent metalworking fluids.

Suitable lubricating oils are of natural or synthetic origin z. B. paraffinic, naphthenic hydrocarbons, polymerized olefins, alkylated Aromatics, esters from dicarboxylic acids and aliphatic, polyhydric alcohols. she can also be fatty oils with lubricant character, z. B. castor oil, rapeseed oil, etc., in amounts up to about zo percent by weight.

Particularly suitable sulfur-containing organic compounds are organic Disulfides, such as those produced by the oxidation of ethyl, propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, Amyl xanthates with persulfates or sodium hypochlorite by known methods can be obtained, furthermore, polysulphides of xanthates, which are obtained from the alkali salts the "di- and trithiocarbonic acid and chlorosulfur can be obtained (cf. Patent 925 r92).

Also useful are: z. - Organic sulfur compounds of the general Formula R- (S) n- R, in which, R: hydrogen or an alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, Aralkyl or heterocyclic radical means straight-chain or branched, saturated or unsaturated, substituted or unsubstituted and optionally still contains metals, for example tin or zinc, and n is a number from z to 5 or higher means e.g. B: thiodiglycol, thiodiglycolic acid ester, thiodipropionic acid butyl ester, Didodecyl disulfide, diamyl trisulfide, Di ß, ß'-oxäthyldisulfid, Diethylöxäthyldisulfid, Di - (- thiopropionic acid butyl ester), diben-yl disulfide, dihexylphenol disulfide, di-tert-butylcresol disulfide, Dibenzolthiazole disulfide (Patent 929,384).

z. Sulfurized low molecular weight olefins by aromatic residues are substituted, such as styrene, Stuben, monophenylbutadiene, diphenylbutadiene, mononaphthylbutadiene, Dinaphthylbutadiene (see patent 926 68o).

3. Sulfurized esters of unsaturated carboxylic acids and one or polyhydric alcohols; such as ethyl acrylate, butyl crotonate, allyl crotonate, the ethyl, propyl, butyl, amyl, octyl, glycol, propylene glycol, butylene glycol, Ethyl diethylene glycol and dicyclopentadienol esters of oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid (see patent 926 68i).

4. Sulphurized. unsaturated alcohols, e.g. B. allyl alcohol, allyl carbinol, Octene diol ,. Dicyclopentadienol, α- and ß-terpineol and others (see patent 927 8 = 9), 5. Sulphurized liquid, non-cyclic olefins, such as dipropylene, tripylene, diisobutylene, Hexene, ethylhexene and other olefins with a boiling range of about 7o to 16o ° (see patent 927 82o). , The amount to be used of the above sulfur-containing organic compounds depends on the sulfur content of the single molecule. Consequently must - in order to achieve the desired effect - the compounds mentioned under z to 5 in. Somewhat larger amounts are added to the base oil than the xanthogen compounds. -As oil-soluble acidic esters der- acids of phosphorus come into question acidic esters ortho-, meta- and pyrophosphoric acid, phosphorous and hypophosphorous Acids, such as the mono- and diphosphates of butanol, hexanol, octanol, lauryl alcohol, Phenol, the cresols of 4-chlorobenzyl alcohol or the corresponding mono- and Diesters of phosphorous and hypophosphorous acids. Even Trieste, as far as they are under the respective conditions - react acidic, z. B. the conversion products of phosphorus trihalides with compounds containing oxido groups, e.g. B. ethylene oxide, such as tri- (chloroethanol) phosphorous acid ester, tri- (phenylchloroethanol) phosphorous acid ester, have proven to be useful.

As a solubilizer, who in addition to a good solution - for the additives and a good solubility in the snow oils, the flash point of the mixtures do not reduce and, if possible, additionally the corrosion-preventing properties the corrosion protection agents mentioned in the following group are intended to strengthen, Saturated, branched or unbranched aliphatic, substituted ones come into question or unsubstituted cycloaliphatic, aromatic, araliphatic alcohols, the with so much alkylene oxide; z. B. ethylene, propylene, butylene oxide and / or mixtures thereof. have been implemented that viscous products with molecular weights of about zooo and more arise. Suitable alcohols are e.g. B. Ethyl-r, g-hexanediol, 2-methyl-pentanediol-i, 4, 2-ethylhexanolol, Lauryl alcohol; of these, in turn, are ethylhexyl reacted with propylene oxide or lauryl alcohol with a molecular weight of 250 or mixtures thereof are particularly suitable because of their excellent solvent power (see patent 927 8z9).

A possible attack on those to be processed and lubricated Metal surfaces by foreign, z. B. atmospheric influences is by adding. encountered an anti-corrosion agent. This has proven to be particularly beneficial such hydroxyl-containing organic compounds have been found, their hydroxyl groups are bound to different carbon atoms connected by ether oxygen and wherein one of the hydroxyl groups is esterified by a fatty acid, e.g. B. diglycol, Triglycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, tripropylene glycol, glycerine, diglycerine, Sorbitol, sorbitan, hexanetriol, pentaerythritol monooleate, stearate, etc. (see patent 933 048).

The amounts to be added vary depending on the intended use of the metal working fluids. of sulfur-containing organic compounds, acidic esters of the acids of phosphorus, solubilizers and anti-corrosion agents within certain limits. The preferred range of the amounts to be added is 3 to 6 percent by weight, based on the lubricating oil, particularly in the case of the additives containing xanthogen compounds. In detail, the composition can be about the following:. Amount in percent by weight I Preferred range i. Organic compounds containing sulfur ..... i to 15 2 to 5 2. Acid esters of the acids of phosphorus ...... o, ooi to 0, o5 0.0025 to 0.025 3. Solubilizer .......................... o, 2 to 2.0 0.5 to i, o 4. Corrosion protection agents ..................... o, i to 2, o o, 5 to i, o 5. Lube oil ................................. remainder remainder It is generally advisable to first mix the additives with one another and only then to add them to the lubricating oil. However, the additives can also be added individually to the lubricating oil, in which case additives that are difficult to dissolve are expediently used in conjunction with the solubilizer. But even if the additives dissolve in the lubricating oil without the aid of solubilizers, the use of the solubilizers brings considerable advantages, since they enable the additives to remain clear and clear in the base oil even in the cold and without significant expenditure of labor and energy to solve.

Besides the above compounds the metalworking fluids can other from time to time - the means for. B. antioxidants, agents for lowering the pour point, for preventing foam formation or for changing the viscosity, may be added.

The new metalworking fluids are distinguished from the known agents by their superior properties in terms of corrosion resistance, resistance to pressure and sliding. A comparison of these metal working fluids with common cutting oils resulted in the following: On a testing machine according to Krekeler-Honsberg, machinability studies were carried out using the piercing method (cf. Technical Bulletin 46 [i953], pages 45 to 51) in comparison with known, commercially available cutting oils carried out using a high-speed automatic tool steel sag S 2o "of 10 mm fö as the cutting material and a grooving chisel made of high-speed steel Böhler SRE 214 as the tool. The amount of cutting oil was set to 2.31 / min. The cutting speeds were Va = 100 m / min Tdi = 30 m / min Vm = 65 m / min with a feed rate of S = 0.014 mm / rev. and a penetration depth of C = 3.5 mm. When using a metalworking fluid according to the following example i, after 80 ° punctures, an average of three tests each resulted in a wear mark width of 0.088 mm compared to 0.129 mm when using a commercial cutting oil of the best quality. With the specified test method, the cutting performance can be determined from the armature current consumption of the drive motor. If the armature current consumption during dry cutting is set equal to 100 0/0, the result for the metal working fluids is a value of 61% compared to 78% for a commercially available cutting oil.

The new metalworking fluids are also characterized by excellent miscibility and compatibility with common lubricants, z. B. for the bearings of the machine tools.

Particularly suitable corrosion-resistant metalworking fluids are listed in the following examples: Example i 30 /, di-butylxanthogenic acid disulfide with 1.290 /, sulfur, 0.0150 /, monoethylhexylphosphoric acid ester, 0.75% monoethylhexyl ether of polypropylene glycol with a molecular weight of 750, 1% mixture of diglycol monooleate and i , 2-propylene glycol monooleate, the remainder mineral oil at 2.5 ° E / 50 ° C.

Example 2 5% diethylhexylxanthogenic acid disulfide with 1.44% S, 0.015% tri (chloroethanol) phosphite, 0.5 0/0 monoethylhexyl ether of polyethylene glycol with a molecular weight of 750, a, 5% sorbitol monooleate, the remainder synthetic mineral oil based on polymerized olefins . Test result: wear mark width 0.087 mm. Example 3 80 /, sulfurized styrene according to patent 82668o, 0.08% monolauryl phosphate, 0.75) /, monooctyl ether of polypropylene glycol with a molecular weight of 1050, 0.5% diglycerol oleate, the remainder mineral oil at 2.5 ° E / 50 ° C . Test result: wear mark width o, ogo mm. EXAMPLE 4 10% sulphurized butyl crotonate according to Patent 926 681, 0.025% dibutyl phosphate, 0.75% monolauryl ether of polypropylene glycol with a molecular weight of 1250, 0.504 sorbitol monooleate, the remainder is synthetic ester oil from dicarboxylic acids and aliphatic polyhydric alcohols. Test result: wear mark width 0.085 mm.

Example 5 7% sulfurized triisobutylene (S-Geh. 32.4) / o) according to patent 927 82o, 0.0150 /,) 4-chlorobenzyl monophosphate, 1.50 /, monolauryl ether of polyethylene propylene glycol with a molecular weight of 750, 0.50 / 0 Diglycerol monooleate, remainder mineral oil 2.5 ° E / 500 C. Test result: Wear mark width 0.088 mm.

Claims (1)

PATENT CLAIM: Metal working fluids made from natural or synthetic lubricating oils, containing x to 15 percent by weight, based on the lubricating oil, a sulfur-containing organic compound according to Patent 925 192, 97.9 384, 926 68o, 9 26 68 1 , 927 81g or 927 82o, further o , oo = to 0.05 percent by weight of an oil-soluble acidic ester of the acids of phosphorus, o, o2 to 2 percent by weight of a solubilizer according to patent 927 8rg and o, r to 2 percent by weight of an anti-corrosion agent, expediently according to patent 933 o48.