DE94452C - - Google Patents

Description

IMPERIAL

PATENT OFFICE,

Attempts have been made in various ways, through apparatus and through a line measure flowing steam; either you chose impellers, similar to the water knife, or one used the force of force of the flowing steam by using non-return valves or switched check valves into the line, the respective stroke of which was registered.

Both constructions, however, cannot be controlled; they are easily displaced and the slightest Differences in the weight and friction of these parts of movement in apparatus of the same size lead to different and useless results. In addition, each such apparatus would have to go through a large row be weighed down by costly evaporation attempts, what this construction alone makes useless for practice. Also with the inevitable wear and tear the return organs wrong the results.

In order to avoid these inconveniences, it is necessary to determine the amount of steam which one Steam line flows through, serve the apparatus described below.

There are formulas according to which the quantity of one vessel is diverted into another the flowing steam can be calculated precisely. The basic requirement here is knowledge of the Vapor pressure in both vessels. The well-known formula is used here as an example

G = 420 * F

P-v

can be taken, where G is the weight of the steam flowing out in the second, ν the

Volume in cbcm per kg, F the area of the outflow opening in qm, P the larger, absolute tension, ρ the tension of the medium surrounding the outflow opening.

In order to bring about a voltage drop, a constriction ν is first made in the line; the spaces in front of and behind this constriction are connected to an expansion body n> - in the drawing a cylinder similar to that of the indicators is selected - in such a way that the movable expansion wall (piston) expresses the pressure differences in the respective spaces in front of and behind the constriction brings; this is done in the drawing by the levers α and b, which are connected by the shaft c . The lever b pushes the rod d back and forth according to the piston travel. A Curvenlineäl f is attached to this rod, the curve of which is determined as follows.

The formula is broken down into two factors, one of which is mainly the pressure difference, the other brings out the working voltage of the steam (boiler pressure).

So z. B.

F. ι / ( ^ι ■ fY 420 ^J -p) ^ρ I '(P- -P) P P.

If you choose the first form, you get z. B. for a pressure differential of 0.01 to

Claims (1)

ο, ΐ Atm. the curve, the abscisses of which are the pressure differences, whose ordinates are the relevant values of indicate. If one also takes as a basis a certain outflow opening in the constriction on, then this quantity, as well as the constant = 420, can easily be brought into the curve and then obtained in the same the values of 420 · F (P-p) p One end of the equal-armed lever g, the pivot point h of which is displaceable, slides on the curved surface; the movement that one arm of g makes, following the curve line, is transferred, as long as the fulcrum h is in the middle, to the other arm and the pen i passed through the latter, which is responsible for the curve movements concerned, i.e. the Values of the formula 420 · F (P-p) p recorded on a rotating drum, similar to the indicator and so on. With regard to the curve corresponding to this formula, however, the following should also be noted: the values of differ for the Pressure P from 1 to 10 atm. by approx. 0.3 pCt., for voltage differences (P - p) of 0.01 to 0.1; this difference is mediated 0.15 pCt. and because of its small size, it is irrelevant in practice. The pen i thus initially only draws the value PO · Fig /. (P-P) P However, this is still subject to change by the size ν , either as I / - _ r ν multiplier or divisorily by] / y. If the former is assumed again, a curve is obtained for this factor for the various voltages P. If the point of rotation h, which can be moved laterally on a slide, is approached to the curve ruler f, the deflection of the pen becomes greater, so a multiplication occurs here; this ■ is now carried out under the influence of a second curve J / - by the curve- X ν sliding surface r acts displaceably against the pivot point h; here of course the ordinates have to be converted according to the arm length of the lever g , "so that the units are shifted from the fulcrum h to match. If z. B. the Werth = ι, 2, the total length of the lever is g = (44-4) = 8 cm, the fulcrum must be shifted 0.363 cm after the first Curve_ / and the relevant ordinate must be 0.363 cm long. The shifting of this multiplication curve is effected by a second cylinder 0, on whose piston - as with the indicator - the pressure P acts, so that with increasing pressure the multiplication curve is pushed further forward and thereby the pivot point h is brought closer to the first curve. The lever g accordingly changes its deflection and that of this. Movement following the pen expresses the respective value of the main formula graphically on the paper strip of the rotating roller. Instead of multiplication, division can also be used by determining the curve according to j / ν and letting it act vice versa on the pivot point. This facility can be made in a similar manner for many formulas. the The rotating roller is set in rotation in a known manner by a clockwork and the paper strip divided in such a way, "that one can easily obtain the quantum of steam that has flowed through for each time can read. The ordinates in question on paper always indicate how many kilos Steam in units of seconds passed through the line. By planimetry, like with the indicator, you get exactly the amount of steam you are looking for for a certain period of time. Patent claim: A steam meter with a constriction body v connected to the steam line, from both sides of which channels lead to a stationary cylinder, around the spring loaded piston located in it, the respective difference between the tension in front of and behind the constriction, i.e. also in front of and behind the Piston, set accordingly and thereby set a curve in motion, the ordinates of which represent the values of the formulas for calculating the overflow of steam from one vessel into another. 1 sheet of drawings.