DE928842C - Process for making electrets - Google Patents

Process for making electrets

Info

Publication number
DE928842C
DE928842C DEE7515A DEE0007515A DE928842C DE 928842 C DE928842 C DE 928842C DE E7515 A DEE7515 A DE E7515A DE E0007515 A DEE0007515 A DE E0007515A DE 928842 C DE928842 C DE 928842C
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
formation
electrets
electret
stresses
substance
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DEE7515A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Joachim Dr-Ing Euler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to DEE7515A priority Critical patent/DE928842C/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE928842C publication Critical patent/DE928842C/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01GCAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G7/00Capacitors in which the capacitance is varied by non-mechanical means; Processes of their manufacture
    • H01G7/02Electrets, i.e. having a permanently-polarised dielectric
    • H01G7/021Electrets, i.e. having a permanently-polarised dielectric having an organic dielectric
    • H01G7/023Electrets, i.e. having a permanently-polarised dielectric having an organic dielectric of macromolecular compounds

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)

Description

Unter einem Elektreten versteht man einen Körper, der von einem dauernden elektrischen Feld umgeben, ist. Solche Elektrete werden üblicherweise dadurch hergestellt, daß man bestimmte geschmolzene Substanzen, wie Harze, Wachse, Gläser oder Kunststoffe, in einem elektrischen Feld erstarren läßt. In der geschmolzenen Substanz sind die vorhandenen Ionen bzw. die elektrischen Dipole gut beweglich, so daß sie von dem elektrischen Feld getrennt bzw. ausgerichtet werden können. Nach dem Erstarren. können sie nur sehr langsam in ihre ungeordnete Lage zurückkehren, so daß ein permanentes elektrisches Feld zurückbleibt, das auch nach außen wirkt.An electret is a body that is permanent electric field is surrounded. Such electrets are usually made by that certain molten substances, such as resins, waxes, glasses or plastics, solidifies in an electric field. In the molten substance are those existing ions or the electrical dipoles are easily movable, so that they are of the electrical field can be separated or aligned. After solidification. they can only return to their disordered position very slowly, so that a permanent electric field remains, which also acts to the outside.

Bei dem Verfahren nach der Erfindung wird die Trennung der Ionen bzw. die Ausrichtung der Dipole in gelöstem bzw. stark gequollenem Material vorgenommen. Hierdurch wird der erhebliche technische Vorteil erzielt, daß man mit Substanzen arbeiten kann, die sich nicht unzersetzt oder ohne Zunahme ihrer elektrischen Leitfähigkeit schmelzen lassen. Weiterhin kann man unmittelbar den Polymerisationsvorgang im elektrischen Feld vor sich gehen lassen und so unmittelbar ausgerichtete Elektrete gewinnen, die sich durch besonders hohe Lagerfähigkeit auszeichnen.In the method according to the invention, the separation of the ions or the alignment of the dipoles is carried out in dissolved or heavily swollen material. This has the considerable technical advantage that you can use substances which does not decompose or increase its electrical conductivity let melt. Furthermore, you can directly the polymerization process in the electrical Let the field go in front of you and thus obtain directly aligned electrets, which are characterized by a particularly long shelf life.

Für die Durchführung des Verfahrens nach der Erfindung benutzt man die in Fig. i dargestellte Einrichtung. In dem Formierungstrog d sind die heraushebbaren Hochspannungselektroden angeordnet, die mit 1VIetallfolien b überzogen sind und zwischen denen das gelöste bzw. gequollene oder zu polymeris erende Material c sich befindet. Nach dem Herausheben lassen sich die Metallfolien b leicht von den Elektroden a trennen und bleiben als Armierung am Elektretren sitzen. Die Herstellung von Elektreten für hohe elektrische Spannung erfolgt gemäß der Erfindung nach Fig. 2 durch Aufeinanderlegen mehrerer beiderseitig mit Folien b armierter scheibenförmiger Elektrete. Dieses Verfahren setzt die zu Formierung benötigten Spannungen 'herab und erlaubtes, :die Feldverteilung in einem Hochspannungselektreten weitgehend zu beeinflussen. Man kann so z. B. an den Enden niedrige Feldstärken lokalisieren, um Sprühverluste zu vermeiden.To carry out the method according to the invention one uses the device shown in Fig. i. In the formation trough d are the ones that can be lifted out Arranged high-voltage electrodes, which are covered with 1VIetallfolien b and between which the dissolved or swollen or to be polymerized material c is is located. After being lifted out, the metal foils b can easily be removed from the electrodes a and stay on the electrics as reinforcement. The manufacture of electrets for high electrical voltage is carried out according to the invention according to FIG. 2 by laying one on top of the other several disc-shaped electrets reinforced on both sides with foils. This Procedure reduces the voltages required for formation and allows: the To largely influence the field distribution in a high-voltage electret. Man can so z. B. localize low field strengths at the ends to reduce spray losses avoid.

Claims (3)

PATENTANSP$ÜCHE: i. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Elektreten aus wasserabstoßenden; Kunststoffen oder Naturwachsen und Harzen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Formierung in der gelösten oder stark gequollenen Substanz, z. B. in Kohlenwasserstoffei stark gequollenem Polystyrol, durchgeführt wird. PATENT APPLICATIONS: i. Process for making electrets from water-repellent; Plastics or natural waxes and resins, characterized in that the formation in the dissolved or highly swollen substance, e.g. B. strong in hydrocarbons swollen polystyrene. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch i, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Lösungsmittel der Quellungsmittel bei Anwendung von Temperaturen unter dem vorhandenen Zersetzungspunkt bzw. dem Punkt, bei dem eine erhebliche Leitfähigkeitszunahme zu beobachten ist, unter Verwendung von Vakuum entfernt wird. 2. The method according to claim i, characterized characterized in that the solvent of the swelling agent when using temperatures below the existing decomposition point or the point at which there is a significant increase in conductivity observed is removed using vacuum. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch i und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein geeigneter Kunststoff, z. B. Perlon, unmittelbar im Gleichfeld polymerisiert wird. q.. Verfahren nach Anspruch i bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwischen die Hochspannungselektroden und die Elektretensubstanz Metallfolien eingeschoben werden, die ein reibungsloses Entfernen der Formierungselektroden gewährleisten und als Armierung bzw. Ableitung am fertigen Elektreten verbleiben. 5. Verfahren nach Anspruch i bis q., dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mehrere Elektrete mit gleich großer oder unterschiedlicher Feldstärke zu einem Stapel vereinigt werden, so daß sehr hohe' Spannungen ohne den Aufwand entsprechend hoher Formierungsspannungen erreicht werden.3. Procedure according to Claim i and 2, characterized in that a suitable plastic, e.g. B. Perlon, is polymerized directly in the constant field. q .. The method according to claim i to 3, characterized in that between the high voltage electrodes and the electret substance Metal foils are inserted, which allows a smooth removal of the formation electrodes ensure and remain on the finished electret as reinforcement or discharge. 5. The method according to claim i to q., Characterized in that several electrets are combined into a stack with the same or different field strengths, so that very high 'stresses without the expense of correspondingly high formation stresses can be achieved.
DEE7515A 1953-07-09 1953-07-09 Process for making electrets Expired DE928842C (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEE7515A DE928842C (en) 1953-07-09 1953-07-09 Process for making electrets

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEE7515A DE928842C (en) 1953-07-09 1953-07-09 Process for making electrets

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE928842C true DE928842C (en) 1955-06-13

Family

ID=7067180

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DEE7515A Expired DE928842C (en) 1953-07-09 1953-07-09 Process for making electrets

Country Status (1)

Country Link
DE (1) DE928842C (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2603642A1 (en) * 1975-02-03 1976-08-19 Kureha Chemical Ind Co Ltd METALIZED PLASTIC FILMS
DE3033163A1 (en) * 1979-09-04 1981-03-12 Union Carbide Corp., 10017 New York, N.Y. ELECTRICITY AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF.
DE3125776A1 (en) * 1980-06-30 1982-05-27 Tokyo Shibaura Denki K.K., Kawasaki, Kanagawa Electret device

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2603642A1 (en) * 1975-02-03 1976-08-19 Kureha Chemical Ind Co Ltd METALIZED PLASTIC FILMS
DE3033163A1 (en) * 1979-09-04 1981-03-12 Union Carbide Corp., 10017 New York, N.Y. ELECTRICITY AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF.
DE3125776A1 (en) * 1980-06-30 1982-05-27 Tokyo Shibaura Denki K.K., Kawasaki, Kanagawa Electret device

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