DE9284C - Hot air machine - Google Patents

Description

1879.

Class 46.

M. P. W. BOULTON in LONDON. Hot air machine.

Patented in the German Empire on July 24, 1879.

Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section, partly in view, Fig. 2 shows a cross section along the line XX, Fig. 3 shows a cross section along the line YY and Fig. 4 shows a basic outline, partly in section. A is a cylinder which is provided with the piston α and the extension a ^l . The latter serves to prevent the conduction of heat from the rear part of the cylinder to the front part in which the piston works airtight.

The piston rod is connected by means of a connecting rod a ² to a crank axle S on which the flywheel s sits. This crank ax carries several eccentrics for moving valves and other parts of the machine.

B is an air tank of a cylindrical shape connected to the front end of the cylinder A through the channel b and to a cargo space C through the channel b '. The channel b has a slide b ² which is moved by the eccentric disk i ² , and the channel b ¹ has a slide b ^s which is moved by the eccentric disk c ³ . In b ¹ there is an opening which is provided with a suction valve b ⁱ .

Although the air reservoir B and its ducts are used in a certain mode of operation of the machine, these parts can also be omitted in a second mode of operation to be described later. The cargo space C has the shape of a section of a circle and contains a piston c, which works as a displacer by moving back and forth in space C on an axis e '. This movement is caused by an eccentric disk .S ¹ , which acts against a weight or a spring that is located on a lever c ² . This lever is connected to an arm c ³ located on the axis c ¹ . ·

The cargo space C could also be of a cylindrical shape. It is connected to the rear part of the cylinder A by a channel c ⁴ which is provided with a shut-off valve i ⁵ which is moved by the eccentric c ⁵ . C is also connected to one end of the boiler room D by means of the channel c ^e and through the channel c ″ and the regenerator E to the other end of D. Both channels c ⁶ and c ″ ¹ are provided with shut-off valves c ^s , which together by means of a by the eccentric s ^s moving the toggle lever to be moved.

The boiler room D consists of two horizontal tubes dd, which are connected to one another by a number of curved tubes d *. Flames flow around the latter in order to get from the fire chamber d ² to the chimney d ³ . The heating surface can be increased by attaching other tubes <f ⁴ to ι / '. Partial walls d ^{s are} placed in the tubes d , which compels the air to flow through the tubes d ¹ instead of directly through d. The boiler room is enclosed in masonry d ⁵ , which forms the foundation of the machine.

The regenerator consists of a container in which a number of rods or perforated plates or wire mesh are mounted, which provide a significant surface for conducting heat. The cylinder A has an automatic suction valve α ^{3 at the front and an escape slide α 4} at the rear end, which is driven by the eccentric i ⁴ .

If the machine is fed with air under atmospheric pressure, the cylinder A is open at the front and the air tank B and the valves b ² and b ³ are omitted.

If the piston a is located at the front or left end of the cylinder A, while the displacer c is also located at the left end of the cargo space C , the connection between C and A is established through the channel c ^{4 in} that the valve c ^{s is} open . The valve a ⁴ is also open.

The piston α then goes back and expels the air behind it through a ⁴ ; the displacer c also goes back and on its right side displaces the air, which in the process passes through c ⁴ into the cylinder A and escapes with the air in the latter. At the same time, the displacer c sucks in air on the left-hand side through the valve b ″ through its return movement. When c has completely or almost reached the end of this stroke, valve c ^{5 is} closed, the two valves c ⁸ are opened, and thus the connection between space D on both sides of displacer c is established. The air from D flows to C and compresses the

lent air. The air which flows from D through the channel c " ¹ is cooled by the regenerator E , while the air which flows through c ^B enters C fully heated.

The displacer c now moves to the left again, with the same or almost the same pressure on both sides. On the left-hand side, it drives the air to the heating room D through the regenerator E. When passing through the latter, the air is warmed up by the heat given off earlier. On the right-hand side, the displacer is followed by hot air, which enters from D through c °.

At the end of this stroke, C is filled with air at the highest pressure and temperature. While c makes the two strokes described above, the piston α has completed its stroke from left to right and discharged ^{the used air through valve 4.} This valve, as well as the two valves c ^s, are now closed, the valve c ^% is opened. The displacer c stands still, hot air flows from the cargo space C to the cylinder A and expands by pushing the piston α forward. This condition exists during the working stroke of the piston, and at the end of this the condition occurs with which it was started above.

If the complete machine with the air tank B is used, the mode of operation is as follows. When the displacer c has completed its stroke from left to right and the connection between cargo space C and cylinder A is completed, the connection between air tank B and cargo space C is established by opening valve i> ³ , the air flows from B to C and thus increases the pressure in C. The valve fr ³ is then closed, the two valves c ^s are opened, as already described above.

The compression of the air is effected by the piston α in the following way. When the piston α moves from left to right, it draws in air through suction valve a ³ , and in the following stroke from right to left it compresses this air and drives it through valve b ¹ into the air reservoir B.

The amount of air sucked in through a ³ can be regulated by changing the time at which valve b ² closes. During the first part of the piston retraction this valve is open, so that air from B enters the cylinder and drives the piston. At a certain point in time, valve b ^{2 is} closed and the pressure drops so that air is sucked in through valve a ³ towards the end of the stroke.

The closing of valve i> ² can be regulated by the pressure in container B.

Claims (3)

Patent Claims: ι. The Heifsluftmaschine described, in which included in a cargo space C successive charges of cold air or other gas, through the motions of a displacer c only in a heating chamber D and then be driven again in the Ladimgsraum C before they enter into the cylinder A in which they exercise their driving force. 2. The attachment of a regenerator E between the boiler room D and the cargo space C of the hot air machine operating in the manner indicated above, whereby one side of the cargo space is kept cool, as described. 3. The connection of an air container B together with connections in which the air is compressed and from which the air is let into the cargo space C , with the under i. and 2. described hot air machine, as is explained by drawing and description. For this purpose 2 sheets of drawings.