DE904255C - Combustion chamber for jet engines - Google Patents

Combustion chamber for jet engines

Info

Publication number
DE904255C
DE904255C DED6815D DED0006815D DE904255C DE 904255 C DE904255 C DE 904255C DE D6815 D DED6815 D DE D6815D DE D0006815 D DED0006815 D DE D0006815D DE 904255 C DE904255 C DE 904255C
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
combustion chamber
air inlet
jet engines
air
inlet openings
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DED6815D
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Dr-Ing Eugen Gruennagel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Daimler Benz AG
Original Assignee
Daimler Benz AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Daimler Benz AG filed Critical Daimler Benz AG
Priority to DED6815D priority Critical patent/DE904255C/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE904255C publication Critical patent/DE904255C/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23RGENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/02Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the air-flow or gas-flow configuration
    • F23R3/04Air inlet arrangements
    • F23R3/06Arrangement of apertures along the flame tube
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23RGENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R2900/00Special features of, or arrangements for continuous combustion chambers; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23R2900/03042Film cooled combustion chamber walls or domes

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf Brennkammern von Strahltriebwerken, insbesondere zum Antrieb von Flugzeugen. Bei solchen Triebwerken ist die Brennkammer dasjenige Organ, das zur Erlangung der Mindestmaße für die Stirnwiderstände, Baugewicht und Abmessungen besonders hinderlich ist. Zweck der Erfindung ist, in dieser Hinsicht Vorteile zu schaffen und insbesondere eine rasche Verbrennung und kleine Abmessungen zu erzielen.The invention relates to combustion chambers of jet engines, especially for propulsion of airplanes. In such engines, the combustion chamber is the organ that is required to obtain the minimum dimensions for the frontal resistances, structural weight and dimensions is particularly cumbersome. The purpose of the invention is in this regard To create advantages, and in particular, rapid combustion and small dimensions to achieve.

Es ist bekannt, zu diesem Zweck die Verbrennungsluft tangential in die Brennkammer einzuführen, was eine Drehbewegung des Kammerinhaltes zur Folge hat. Diese Drehbewegung verursacht eine gute Mischung von Luft und Brennstoff. Außerdem wird dadurch ein gutes und gleichmäßiges Temperaturfeld über den ganzen Brennkammerquerschnitt angestrebt.It is known that the combustion air tangentially in for this purpose introduce the combustion chamber, which results in a rotary movement of the chamber contents Has. This rotation creates a good mixture of air and fuel. aside from that this creates a good and uniform temperature field over the entire cross-section of the combustion chamber aimed at.

Erfindungsgemäß wird vorgeschlagen, die Luft tangential in entgegengesetzten Richtungen einströmen zu lassen. Zu diesem Zweck sind die tangentialen Einströmöffnungen entweder reihenweise oder gruppenweise oder evtl. auch einzeln einander entgegengerichtet. Dadurch wird die Vermischung von Luft und Brennstoff und die Ausbildung eines gleichmäßigen Temperaturfeldes begünstigt, da zusätzlich zu der Drehbewegung noch eine radiale Aufrichtung der Luft- bzw. Gemischströme erfolgt.According to the invention it is proposed that the air tangentially in opposite directions To let directions flow in. The tangential inflow openings are for this purpose either in rows or in groups or possibly also individually directed opposite each other. This ensures the mixing of air and fuel and the formation of a uniform Favored temperature field, since in addition to the rotary movement there is also a radial movement The air or mixture flows are straightened out.

Zum Kleinhalten von Strömungsverlusten und zur besseren Richtungsgebung können die Lufteintrittsquerschnitte düsenartig gestaltet sein und unter einem bestimmten Anstellwinkel zur Brennkammerachse liegen.For keeping flow losses small and for better directionalization the air inlet cross-sections can be designed like a nozzle and under a certain Angle of incidence to the combustion chamber axis.

Vorteilhaft ist ferner, alle Zonen der Brennkammer sich dadurch gleichmäßig am Mischvorgang beteiligen zu lassen, daß die Lufteintrittsöffnungen einen verschieden großen Durchlaßquerschnitt haben und entsprechend gestaffelt sind.It is also advantageous that all zones of the combustion chamber are thereby uniform to let participate in the mixing process that the air inlet openings one different have a large passage cross-section and are staggered accordingly.

In der Zeichnung ist die Erfindung an Ausführungsbeispielen dargestellt, und zwar zeigt durchweg schematisch Abb. i eine Brennkammer für Turbinenantriebswerke im Längsschnitt, Abb. 2 und 3 eine einzelne Lufteintrittsöffnung nach dem Ausführungsbeispiel von Abb. i im Längsschnitt und Querschnitt, Abb. 4., 5 und 6 Querschnitte durch die Brennkammer nach den Linien IV-IV, V-V und VI-VI von Abb. i, Abb. 7 die weitere Ausführungsform einer Brennkammer im Längsschnitt, Abb. 8 und 9 Querschnitte durch die Brennkammer nach den Linien VIII-VIII und IX-IX von Abb. 7.In the drawing, the invention is shown in exemplary embodiments, Fig. i shows a combustion chamber for turbine engines throughout in longitudinal section, Fig. 2 and 3, a single air inlet opening according to the embodiment of Fig. i in longitudinal section and cross-section, Fig. 4., 5 and 6 cross-sections through the combustion chamber according to lines IV-IV, V-V and VI-VI of Fig. i, Fig. 7 the other Embodiment of a combustion chamber in longitudinal section, Fig. 8 and 9 cross sections through the combustion chamber along lines VIII-VIII and IX-IX of Fig. 7.

Die Brennkammeranordnung nach Abb. i besteht aus einem konisch sich verjüngenden Mantelrohr i, in welchem die eigentliche Brennkammer 2 angeordnet ist.The combustion chamber arrangement according to Fig. I consists of a conical itself tapering jacket tube i, in which the actual combustion chamber 2 is arranged.

Diese wird begrenzt durch ein konisches Rohrstück 3, an welchem durch Einschnitte und Ausprägungen tangentiale Eintrittsschlitze q. geschaffen sind, wie Abb. 2 und 3 im Längs- und Querschnitt zeigen. Die Hauptluft tritt durch den Brennkammerquerschnitt 5 bei der Brennstoffeinspritzdüse 6 ein.This is limited by a conical pipe section 3, on which through Incisions and impressions tangential entry slots q. are created like Fig. 2 and 3 show in longitudinal and cross-section. The main air passes through the cross section of the combustion chamber 5 at fuel injector 6.

Infolge der einander entgegengerichteten Tangentialströme ergibt sich dort, wo zwei Tangentialströme miteinander in Berührung gelangen, eine radiale Aufrichtung der Strömung, wie sie in _@bb. 6 veranschaulicht ist.As a result of the opposing tangential currents where two tangential currents come into contact with each other, a radial erection of the flow, as it is shown in _ @ bb. 6 is illustrated.

Auf diese Weise entsteht zwischen jeder Schlitzreihe eine Aufrichtströmung. `Nährend bei dem bisher beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispiel die Eintrittsmündungen die Brennkammerachse senkrecht kreuzen, liegen die Eintrittsschlitze 7 beim Ausführungsbeispiel nach Abb. 7 schräg zu dieser. Dadurch ergeben sich geringere Strömungsverluste, weil die eintretende Spülluft bereits angenähert in der Richtung des durch die Brennkammer hindurchtretenden Hauptluftstromes einmündet.In this way, an upright flow is created between each row of slots. `In the case of the embodiment described so far, the inlet mouths intersect the combustion chamber axis perpendicularly, the inlet slots 7 are in the embodiment according to Fig. 7 obliquely to this. This results in lower flow losses, because the incoming purge air is already approximated in the direction of the through the combustion chamber passing through the main air flow opens.

Die obenerwähnte Luftzuführung ist auch nicht nur, wie beschrieben, für sogenannte Gleichstromkammern, sondern auch für Verpuffungskammern von Vorteil, in denen eine mehr explosionsartige Verbrennung auftritt. In diesem Fall wird der Luftzutritt zweckmäßig durch geeignete Absperrglieder in an sich bekannter Weise gesteuert.The above-mentioned air supply is also not only, as described, for so-called direct current chambers, but also advantageous for deflagration chambers, in which more explosive combustion occurs. In this case the Air admission expediently through suitable shut-off elements in a manner known per se controlled.

Claims (2)

PATENTANSPRÜCHE: i. Brennkammer für Strahltriebwerke, insbesondere Zweikreistriebwerke zum Antrieb von Luftfahrzeugen, bei der die Lufteintrittsöffnungen tangential in die Brennkammer einmünden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Lufteintrittsöffnungen entweder einzeln, gruppen-oder reihenweise einander entgegengerichtet sind, um eine radiale Aufrichtung der in die Brennkammer eintretenden Luftstrahlen zu begünstigen. z. Brennkammer für Strahltriebwerke nach Anspruch i, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Lufteintrittskanalmündung an der Brennkammer düsenartig ausgebildet ist. 3. Brennkammer für Strahltriebwerke nach Anspruch i und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Lufteintrittsöffnungen einen verschieden großen Durchlaßquerschnitt haben und derart gestaffelt sind, daß die äußeren und inneren Zonen der Brennkammer gleichmäßig am Luftmischen beteiligt sind. Angezogene Druckschriften: Schweizerische Patentschriften Nr. 199869, 200570, 213792, 214837, 218,8-92, :219484, 226 308, 229 027, 229 158; USA.-Patentschriften Nr. 2 1l0 2o9, 2174266; Lueger, »Lexikon der gesamten Technik«, 2. Aufl., igo4, Bd. i, S. 6o und Bd. PATENT CLAIMS: i. Combustion chamber for jet engines, in particular dual-circuit engines for propelling aircraft, in which the air inlet openings open tangentially into the combustion chamber, characterized in that the air inlet openings are either individually, in groups or in rows facing each other in order to promote a radial alignment of the air jets entering the combustion chamber . z. Combustion chamber for jet engines according to Claim i, characterized in that the air inlet duct opening on the combustion chamber is designed like a nozzle. 3. Combustion chamber for jet engines according to claim i and 2, characterized in that the air inlet openings have a different size passage cross-section and are staggered in such a way that the outer and inner zones of the combustion chamber are evenly involved in the air mixing. Cited publications: Swiss Patent Specifications No. 199869, 200570, 213792, 214837, 218.8-92 ,: 219484, 226 3 0 8, 229 0 27, 229 1 58; U.S. Patent Nos. 2110209, 2174266; Lueger, "Lexicon of entire technology", 2nd ed., Igo4, vol. I, p. 6o and vol. 2, S. 27q..2, p. 27q ..
DED6815D 1944-07-12 1944-07-12 Combustion chamber for jet engines Expired DE904255C (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DED6815D DE904255C (en) 1944-07-12 1944-07-12 Combustion chamber for jet engines

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DED6815D DE904255C (en) 1944-07-12 1944-07-12 Combustion chamber for jet engines

Publications (1)

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DE904255C true DE904255C (en) 1954-02-15

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Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE959580C (en) * 1951-01-27 1957-03-07 Steinmueller Gmbh L & C Combustion chamber with pulsating combustion
DE966644C (en) * 1956-07-02 1957-08-29 Basf Ag Process for operating hot gas turbines
DE1029196B (en) * 1955-10-01 1958-04-30 Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm Annular combustion chamber for internal combustion turbines, especially aircraft internal combustion turbines
DE1059719B (en) * 1955-06-16 1959-06-18 Jan Jerie Dr Ing Cooled wall of a combustion chamber, especially for gas turbines
DE1123163B (en) * 1958-05-23 1962-02-01 Gen Electric Recoil engine with afterburners
DE1164751B (en) * 1958-09-29 1964-03-05 Garrett Corp Combustion device
DE1179663B (en) * 1957-12-31 1964-10-15 Rudolf O Bracke Dipl Ing Oil burner
DE1246325B (en) * 1953-06-27 1967-08-03 Snecma Incinerator
EP0236625A2 (en) * 1986-03-10 1987-09-16 Sol-3 Resources, Inc. A variable residence time vortex combustor
DE4012923A1 (en) * 1990-04-23 1991-10-24 Skoog Kurt DEVICE FOR BURNING FLUID, IN PARTICULAR LIQUID FUELS, LIKE OIL OR THE LIKE.
WO1993018832A1 (en) * 1992-03-20 1993-09-30 Schneider-Sanchez Ges.M.B.H. Small gas turbine
EP0676590A1 (en) * 1994-04-08 1995-10-11 ROLLS-ROYCE plc Gas turbine engine combustion apparatus
EP1195559A3 (en) * 2000-10-03 2002-05-15 General Electric Company Combustor liner having cooling holes with different orientations
FR2920221A1 (en) * 2007-08-24 2009-02-27 Snecma Combustion chamber for turbine engine, has deflector extending annular wall towards interior of chamber and downstream, and diverting air from exterior towards interior and downstream of chamber
JP2013253767A (en) * 2012-06-05 2013-12-19 General Electric Co <Ge> Combustor with brief severe quench zone

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2110209A (en) * 1934-10-13 1938-03-08 Baker Perkins Co Inc Furnace
CH199869A (en) * 1937-08-20 1938-09-15 Sulzer Ag Two-stroke internal combustion engine.
CH200570A (en) * 1936-09-30 1938-10-15 Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm Cylinders for internal combustion engines with piston-controlled inlet openings.
US2174266A (en) * 1937-06-15 1939-09-26 Jackson Thomas Internal combustion turbine
CH213792A (en) * 1939-09-29 1941-03-15 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Combustion chamber made of metal for the generation of heating and propellant gases of moderate temperature.
CH214837A (en) * 1959-10-08 1941-05-15 Sulzer Ag Gas turbine plant.
CH218822A (en) * 1939-07-04 1941-12-31 Sulzer Ag Gas turbine plant.
CH219484A (en) * 1941-02-03 1942-02-15 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Equipment on gas turbine system with constant pressure combustion and air cooling for starting the same and for idling operation.
CH226308A (en) * 1955-01-27 1943-03-31 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Combustion turbine system with constant pressure combustion and air cooling.
CH229027A (en) * 1942-09-21 1943-09-30 Sulzer Ag Device for mixing two gases at different temperatures.
CH229158A (en) * 1942-09-21 1943-10-15 Sulzer Ag Combustion chamber, especially for pressurized firing.

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2110209A (en) * 1934-10-13 1938-03-08 Baker Perkins Co Inc Furnace
CH200570A (en) * 1936-09-30 1938-10-15 Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm Cylinders for internal combustion engines with piston-controlled inlet openings.
US2174266A (en) * 1937-06-15 1939-09-26 Jackson Thomas Internal combustion turbine
CH199869A (en) * 1937-08-20 1938-09-15 Sulzer Ag Two-stroke internal combustion engine.
CH218822A (en) * 1939-07-04 1941-12-31 Sulzer Ag Gas turbine plant.
CH213792A (en) * 1939-09-29 1941-03-15 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Combustion chamber made of metal for the generation of heating and propellant gases of moderate temperature.
CH219484A (en) * 1941-02-03 1942-02-15 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Equipment on gas turbine system with constant pressure combustion and air cooling for starting the same and for idling operation.
CH229027A (en) * 1942-09-21 1943-09-30 Sulzer Ag Device for mixing two gases at different temperatures.
CH229158A (en) * 1942-09-21 1943-10-15 Sulzer Ag Combustion chamber, especially for pressurized firing.
CH226308A (en) * 1955-01-27 1943-03-31 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Combustion turbine system with constant pressure combustion and air cooling.
CH214837A (en) * 1959-10-08 1941-05-15 Sulzer Ag Gas turbine plant.

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE959580C (en) * 1951-01-27 1957-03-07 Steinmueller Gmbh L & C Combustion chamber with pulsating combustion
DE1246325B (en) * 1953-06-27 1967-08-03 Snecma Incinerator
DE1059719B (en) * 1955-06-16 1959-06-18 Jan Jerie Dr Ing Cooled wall of a combustion chamber, especially for gas turbines
DE1029196B (en) * 1955-10-01 1958-04-30 Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm Annular combustion chamber for internal combustion turbines, especially aircraft internal combustion turbines
DE966644C (en) * 1956-07-02 1957-08-29 Basf Ag Process for operating hot gas turbines
DE1179663B (en) * 1957-12-31 1964-10-15 Rudolf O Bracke Dipl Ing Oil burner
DE1123163B (en) * 1958-05-23 1962-02-01 Gen Electric Recoil engine with afterburners
DE1164751B (en) * 1958-09-29 1964-03-05 Garrett Corp Combustion device
EP0236625A2 (en) * 1986-03-10 1987-09-16 Sol-3 Resources, Inc. A variable residence time vortex combustor
EP0236625A3 (en) * 1986-03-10 1989-03-22 Sol-3 Resources, Inc. A variable residence time vortex combustor
DE4012923A1 (en) * 1990-04-23 1991-10-24 Skoog Kurt DEVICE FOR BURNING FLUID, IN PARTICULAR LIQUID FUELS, LIKE OIL OR THE LIKE.
WO1993018832A1 (en) * 1992-03-20 1993-09-30 Schneider-Sanchez Ges.M.B.H. Small gas turbine
US5528903A (en) * 1992-03-20 1996-06-25 Schneider-Sanchez Ges.M.B.H. Small gas turbine
EP0676590A1 (en) * 1994-04-08 1995-10-11 ROLLS-ROYCE plc Gas turbine engine combustion apparatus
US5590530A (en) * 1994-04-08 1997-01-07 Rolls-Royce Plc Fuel and air mixing parts for a turbine combustion chamber
EP1195559A3 (en) * 2000-10-03 2002-05-15 General Electric Company Combustor liner having cooling holes with different orientations
FR2920221A1 (en) * 2007-08-24 2009-02-27 Snecma Combustion chamber for turbine engine, has deflector extending annular wall towards interior of chamber and downstream, and diverting air from exterior towards interior and downstream of chamber
JP2013253767A (en) * 2012-06-05 2013-12-19 General Electric Co <Ge> Combustor with brief severe quench zone

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