DE8904243U1 - Spacers - Google Patents

Description

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Spacers

The innovation relates to a spacer for use in the manufacture of concrete walls and similar concrete components.

When making concrete walls, it is usual to use spacers made from a length of pipe and also referred to as "wall thickness" which keep the two formwork walls used for this purpose at the required distance from each other during the concreting of a concrete wall. The tightness of such a concrete wall against water and moisture depends entirely on the spacers used being tightly integrated into the concrete wall.

The innovation is based on the task of demonstrating a spacer that ensures an absolutely watertight transition to the surrounding concrete.

To solve this problem, a spacer is designed according to the invention in accordance with the characterizing part of claim 1.

Preferably, the spacer according to the innovation is made of fiber-reinforced concrete, i.e. of a cement-bound material containing fibers, so that the use of this material alone ensures that the spacer or the pipe section is embedded tightly and tightly in the concrete. The respective sealing area made of the material that swells under the influence of moisture or water is therefore only effective if, possibly due to improper processing, the respective spacer cannot be embedded tightly in the concrete. When the spacer is made of fiber-reinforced concrete, the at least one sealing area is designed in such a way that it only takes up a very small part of the entire axial length of the pipe section, so that on the remaining area, which is covered by the

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The possibility of an intimate connection between the spacer and the surrounding concrete exists in the part of the length not occupied by the sealing material.

Further developments of the innovation are the subject of the subclaims.

The innovation is explained in more detail below using the figures and examples of implementation. They show:

Fig. 1 shows a partial cross-section through a concrete wall, together with a tubular spacer provided in this concrete wall;

Fig. 2 shows an enlarged detailed view and a longitudinal section of the spacer according to Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 shows a further embodiment in a similar representation to Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a similar representation to Fig. 1, but together with a spacer of a further embodiment according to the innovation;

Fig. 5 shows an enlarged detail and a section of the spacer according to Fig. 4.

In the figures, 1 is a concrete wall that was produced in the usual way using a formwork with two formwork walls arranged parallel to each other and at a distance from each other, which (formwork walls) are indicated in Fig. 1 with broken lines 2. In order to keep the two formwork walls 2 at a distance from each other that corresponds to the thickness or strength of the concrete wall 1, tubular spacers 3 are used, the length of which is equal to the thickness of the concrete wall 1 and which are therefore often referred to as "wall thicknesses". Each spacer 3 rests against a formwork wall 2 at both ends. Tensioning elements that pass through the tubular spacers 3

The formwork walls 2 are braced together using the spacers 3. After the concrete wall 1 has been completed, the spacers 3 remain in the concrete of this concrete wall. With the help of prefabricated plugs and, if necessary, using adhesives and sealants, the openings or channels in the concrete wall 1 formed by the spacers 3 are closed. In order to avoid foreign bodies in the concrete of the concrete wall 1, the spacers 3, as well as the plugs used to close them, etc., are made of fiber-reinforced concrete, i.e. from a material containing appropriate fibers, produced by molding, preferably extrusion.

The quality of the tightness of the concrete wall 1 against the penetration of water and moisture is determined, when the openings formed by the spacers 3 are properly closed, essentially by whether the spacers 3 are actually embedded tightly in the concrete of the concrete wall 1 on their outer surface and, in particular, whether no cavities remain under the spacers 3 when the concrete wall 1 is being concreted. In order to guarantee a high degree of safety here, the spacer 3 is provided in the area of its two ends, but in each case at a distance of jsds™ Erids, with a sealing region 4 which projects radially outwards in a yoke-like _manner over the circular cylindrical peripheral surface of the spacer 3 and which is formed by several turns and/or layers of a band- or cord-like sealing material 5. The sealing material 5 swells when it comes into contact with water, but this swelling is delayed so that it cannot already begin to swell when the concrete wall 1 is being poured. The sealing material 5 is formed, for example, by a wick-like or tube-like carrier material made of concrete, which is filled with a material that swells when exposed to moisture, ie a hydrophilic material, ie for example bentonite, or to which such a hydrophilic material is added. Natural or synthetic rubber or another elastic plastic can also be used as the carrier material, to which the hydrophilic material is then added as a filler. A

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Such material preferably consists of modified rubber with a hydrophilic component, which absorbs water molecules when it comes into contact with water or moisture, thereby causing the material to swell.

The sealing areas 4 can also be produced by applying a mass of rubber or rubber-like material, which forms the sealing areas 4 after setting and swells under the influence of moisture. In order to delay the swelling of the sealing area 4 or the sealing material 5 there, the cord or band-shaped sealing material 5 and/or the area 4 are coated with a layer 6 which is formed from a delayed water-soluble material, for example PV acetate.

Fig. 3 shows a modified embodiment of a spacer 3a, which is provided in the areas 4 with an annular groove 7 open towards the peripheral surface, into which the sealing material 8, which swells slowly under the influence of moisture or water, is introduced. This sealing material is in turn either a thread- or cord-shaped material or a sealing compound, for example the aforementioned rubber material or rubber compound with hydrophilic components.

While in the previously described designs or spacers 3 and 3a the areas 4 occupied by the sealing material 5 or 8 only have an extremely small axial length compared to the total length of the spacer 3 or 3a, so that over the vast majority of the axial length of the spacer or 3a the fiber material can form a direct connection with the concrete of the concrete wall 1, Fig. 4 and 5 show a further embodiment of a spacer 3b which is provided on its entire peripheral or outer surface with a layer 9 made of a material which swells under the influence of water or moisture, the layer 9 being covered by a further layer 10 which prevents the delayed response or swelling

of the sealing material forming layer 9. In particular, the spacer 3b can also be made of plastic.

The innovation was described above using an exemplary embodiment. It goes without saying that changes and modifications are possible without thereby departing from the inventive concept underlying the innovation.

Claims (9)

Protection claims 1. Spacer for use in the manufacture of concrete walls and similar concrete components, consisting of a pipe section, characterized in that the pipe section (3, 3a, 3b) is provided on its outer surface over at least part of its axial length with a ring-like sealing area (4, 9) made of a sealing material (5, 8) that swells under the influence of water or moisture. 2. Spacer according to claim 1, characterized in that the sealing area (4) which swells under the influence of moisture or water is formed by winding a cord-like sealing material onto the pipe section (3). 3. Spacer according to claim 1, characterized in that the sealing area which swells under the influence of moisture or water is formed by applying a layer (6, 9) of a sealing material which swells in the presence of water or moisture. 4. Spacer according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the sealing material which swells under the influence of moisture or water is at least partially accommodated in a circumferential groove (7) of the round piece (3a). 5. Spacer according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the sealing material which swells under the influence of moisture or water forms a layer covering the entire outer surface of the pipe section (3b). ■ «■ · · · - ff 6. Spacer according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the sealing material which swells under the influence of moisture or water consists of a carrier material and at least one hydrophilic component, where the carrier material is preferably bitumen or natural or synthetic rubber and/or bentonite is preferably used as the hydrophilic component. 7. Spacer according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the sealing material which swells under the influence of moisture or water is covered with a water-soluble layer (6, 10) made of gelatin or PV acetate. 8. Spacer according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by its manufacture from fiber concrete. 9. Spacer according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by its manufacture from plastic.