DE868094C - Centrifugal dust collector - Google Patents

Description

Centrifugal dust collector It is known that the simple cyclones are not very suitable for separating finer dust, since the latter in particular comes into contact with the purified air again due to the formation of eddies, unless that it is bound by wetting with oil or the like. Let higher efficiencies This is not the case with such dry, simple cyclone dust separators achieve.

Several simple cyclone dust separators have therefore been connected in series. the dust gas flow being deflected in a tangential direction when entering each cyclone was to increase the efficiency. The practical evaluation of such systems but failed because with two cyclones connected in series the The volume resistance for the dust gases was much too high. It became more numerous on hand Experiments found that when two or more are connected in series arranged cyclone guide housings a significant reduction in volume resistance can thereby be achieved that, according to the invention, the dust gases only the first guide housing are fed tangentially, while they are axially to the or the following guide housing in a circling direction without deflection, each guide housing having a dust discharge chamber assigned.

The required tangential swirl of the dust air in the individual conical or cylindrical baffles can be made by short spiral baffles be renewed, or the generation or renewal of the swirl of the dusty air is by rotating rollers, discs, centrifugal blades or the like. Caused which in the single conical or cylindrical. Guide housings centric or are arranged eccentrically circumferentially. The entry speed of the Dust air may be considerably lower in the interest of low resistance can be selected than with conventional cyclones.

The dust-separating effect can also be increased by that the conical, any steeply inclined guide housing itself in more or less rapid rotation are offset, due to the inclination of the conical guide housing the dust applied to it in the individual dust recovery chambers, if necessary over separate dust bags, hikes. If necessary, the conical circumferential Guide housing received concentric drum inserts.

A device for separating dust from gas is already known in which a swirl body is arranged in the axial inlet pipe of the separator and the pipe cross-section is suddenly expanded to a settling space and furthermore the clean gas is discharged centrally in the direction of flow, and several such devices can also be connected in series . In this case, the dust gas emerging from the relatively narrow inlet pipe only moves in a narrow spiral column through the settling space, which of course does not result in good dust discharge.

Various exemplary embodiments of the subject matter of the invention are shown in the drawing shown.

According to Fig. I and: 2, the dust air flow passes through the tangential Nozzle i in an appropriately conically designed guide housing 2 and is thereby moved into the required circular flow. From the guide housing 2 is the Dust is ejected into the dust failure housing 3 and from the same through the lock ¢ discharged. The circulating dust air flow travels through the conical guide housing 5 and 6, which in turn eject the dust separated here into the housings 7 and 8, while the purified air is sucked through the pipe 9 by the fan io. The guide housing 2, 5 and 6 can be inserted into one another as far as desired, they can also different in diameter and length depending on the type of dust to be separated Dimensions received.

Fig. 3 shows a further embodiment in which the dust air flow enters the pre-separator housing 12 through a tangential connection piece i i to get into the guide housing 13. This can be done by helical short Baffles 14 the required twist reinforced or renewed.

The device can be inclined as desired, such as can be seen in Fig. 4.

Fig. 5 shows an embodiment in which the through the tangential Nozzle 16 supplied dust air flow first enters the pre-separator housing 17, to then through a rotating hollow shaft arranged in the guide housing ig with centrifugal vanes ig offset in the required circular flow. will. The -conical hollow core 2o with centrifugal blades 21 is adapted to the inclination of the guide housing 22 and supported the casting-throwing effect. The clean air comes through the fixed suction nozzle 23 in the suction box 24 and via pipe 25 to the outside.

Fig. 6 shows the hollow shaft 18 with the centrifugal blades i9 in another Opinion.

Fig.7 shows an embodiment in which the guide housings 26 and 27 themselves are attached to the drive shaft 28 and in corresponding revolutions be moved. In doing so, the dust applied to the guide surfaces 26 and 27 is in the dust failure chambers 29 and 30 or thrown into a dust bag 31 and discharged through the lock 32. The rotating guide surfaces can be any for example, concentric inserts 33 are obtained. About a sticking in particular Preventing damp dust on the rotating baffles is an example A stationary scraper 34 is arranged at the guide surface 26, which cleans the surfaces holds.

Fig. 8 shows the rotating guide surface 35, which goes into the dust chamber 36 ejected and then rotating conical guide surfaces 37 and 38, the are arranged inclined to each other and ejected into the dust chambers 39 and 4o, while the clean air through the pipe 41 into the discharge chamber 42 with the tangential Nozzle 43 reaches.

It has now been shown that with such explanations with a great deal lower entry velocities of the dust gases better efficiencies. achieved than is usual with normal cyclones. Used in the latter one has an entry speed of the gases from 2o to 25 m / sec, while with the described dust separators entry speeds of 8 to 12 m / sec have proven to be absolutely sufficient. Because of these low entry speeds the required power requirement and the total resistance is considerably lower and obviously avoided the occurrence of disturbing turbulence.

The fixed conical guide housing can be set up to be adjustable so that the tangential influx of the dust gases or the helical baffles can be adjusted in an optimal way to regenerate the twist.

The guide housing can optionally also, in particular in inclined systems, be reverse conical, so that the dust air enters tangentially in the larger cross section of the guide housing, wherein by its narrowing an acceleration of the gas flow and an increased one dust-separating centrifugal effect takes place before entry into the dust failure housing.

Claims (5)

PATENT CLAIMS: i. Centrifugal dust separator, consisting of two or several series-connected and through which the gas stream flows one after the other, stationary guide housings that widen conically in the flow direction, thereby marked, that only the first guide housing the dust gas tangentially is fed, while it is the next guide housing circling axially without deflection flows in, a dust discharge chamber being assigned to each guide housing. : 2. Centrifugal dust collector according to claim i, characterized by short spiral guide plates in the inlet of the second and possibly the following guide housing to increase the twist of the axially circulating dust gas. 3. Centrifugal dust separator according to the claims i and 2, characterized by revolving bodies with or without centrifugal vanes in the guide housing to renew and strengthen the swirl of the gas flow. q .. Centrifugal dust separator according to claims i to 3, characterized in that that the guide housing itself are set in rotation. 5. Centrifugal dust separator according to claims i to q., Characterized in that sling bars are mounted in the rotating guide housings. Cited publications: German Patent Specifications No. 598 163, 688 803; U.S. Patent Nos. 948,062, 1,735,298.