DE854213C - Process for the polymerisation of hydrocarbons - Google Patents
Process for the polymerisation of hydrocarbonsInfo
- Publication number
- DE854213C DE854213C DEB6602D DEB0006602D DE854213C DE 854213 C DE854213 C DE 854213C DE B6602 D DEB6602 D DE B6602D DE B0006602 D DEB0006602 D DE B0006602D DE 854213 C DE854213 C DE 854213C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- hydrocarbons
- silica
- polymerisation
- catalysts
- advantageously
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 title claims description 6
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron Chemical compound [H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M (3-methylphenyl)methyl-triphenylphosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CC1=CC=CC(C[P+](C=2C=CC=CC=2)(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 BNGXYYYYKUGPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium chloride Substances [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000539 dimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013638 trimer Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms
- C07C2/02—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by addition between unsaturated hydrocarbons
- C07C2/04—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by addition between unsaturated hydrocarbons by oligomerisation of well-defined unsaturated hydrocarbons without ring formation
- C07C2/06—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by addition between unsaturated hydrocarbons by oligomerisation of well-defined unsaturated hydrocarbons without ring formation of alkenes, i.e. acyclic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
- C07C2/08—Catalytic processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms
- C07C2/02—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by addition between unsaturated hydrocarbons
- C07C2/04—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by addition between unsaturated hydrocarbons by oligomerisation of well-defined unsaturated hydrocarbons without ring formation
- C07C2/06—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms by addition between unsaturated hydrocarbons by oligomerisation of well-defined unsaturated hydrocarbons without ring formation of alkenes, i.e. acyclic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
- C07C2/08—Catalytic processes
- C07C2/14—Catalytic processes with inorganic acids; with salts or anhydrides of acids
- C07C2/20—Acids of halogen; Salts thereof ; Complexes thereof with organic compounds
- C07C2/22—Metal halides; Complexes thereof with organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F10/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2521/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium
- C07C2521/06—Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
- C07C2521/08—Silica
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Description
Verfahren zur Polymerisation von Kohlenwasserstoffen Es wurde gefunden, daß man die Polymerisation von Kohlenwasserstoffen vorteilhaft in Gegenwart von Katalysatoren durchführen kann, die Kieselsäure und mindestens zwei zweckmäßig bei der Herstellung der Kieselsäure zugesetzte Metallverbindungen enthalten und bei deren Herstellung das So], aus dein die Kieselsäure als Gel abgeschieden wird, eine Wasserstoff-Ionen-Konzentration pK zwischen 3 und 7, zweckmäßig zwischen 3,5 und 6,5 besitzt. Die Durchführung der Polymerisation geschieht wie mit anderen Katalysatoren bei erhöhter Temperatur und vorzugsweise unter erhöhtem Druck. Die Temperaturen liegen im allgemeinen zwischen 130 und 27o°, vorteilhaft zwischen i8o und 23o', die Drücke zweckmäßig oberhalb 2o at, am besten zwischen 70 und 22o at. Man kann aber auch bei gewöhnlichem Druck arbeiten.Process for the polymerisation of hydrocarbons It has been found that the polymerisation of hydrocarbons can advantageously be carried out in the presence of catalysts which contain silica and at least two metal compounds expediently added in the production of the silica and in their production the so] from which the silica is used Gel is deposited, has a hydrogen ion concentration pK between 3 and 7, expediently between 3.5 and 6.5 . The polymerization is carried out as with other catalysts at elevated temperature and preferably under elevated pressure. The temperatures are generally between 130 and 27o °, advantageously between 180 and 23o, the pressures expediently above 20 atm, preferably between 70 and 220 atm. However, normal pressure can also be used.
Die in der beschriebenen Weise hergestellten Katalysatoren haben gegenüber anderen kieselsäurehaltigen Katalysatoren den Vorteil einer besonders hohen Selektivität hinsichtlich der gebildeten Erzeugnisse. d. h. von den Erzeugnissen siedet ein größerer Anteil innerhalb eines engeren Siedebereichs. Sie enthalten z. B. bei Einhaltung einer bestimmten Polymerisationstemperatur mehr Dimere des Ausgangsolefins oder bei Einhaltung einer höheren Temperatur mehr Trimere usw. als dies bei Anwendung anderer kieselsäurehaltiger Katalysatoren unter entsprechenden Bedingungen der Fall ist. Dies bedingt neben einer erhöhten Ausbeute an den eigentlich gewünschten Erzeugnissen noch den weiteren Vorteil, draß infolge der wesentlichen Verringerung der Bildung hochpolymerer Produkte, die die Katalysatorwirkung herabsetzen, die Lebensdauer der neuen Katalysatoren wesentlich länger ist, Beispiel 1,3 1 Wasserglaslösung, die 26 % Si 02 enthält, wird mit io 1 Wasser verdünnt und mit 43occm konzentrierterSalzsäureversetzt. ZudieserLösungwerden 3,95 kg Aluminiumnitrat [AI(NO3)3-9H20], 6o g Eisenchlorid (Fe C13 - 6H2.0) und 18 g Magnesiumchlorid [MgCl, # 6 H20] in io 1 Wasser gelöst zugegeben. Zu 31 Wasser, das durch Ammoniakzusatz auf das gewünschte PH von 5,5 eingestellt ist, wird unter starkem Rühren das so hergestellte klare Sol und eine 2oo/oige Ammoniaklösung so zufließen gelassen, daß in der Flüssigkeit, gemessen mit einer Antimonelektrode, der pH-Wert 5,5 dauernd aufrechterhalten bleibt. Die ausgefällte Masse wird filtriert, mit auf ph = 5,5 eingestelltem Wasser chlorfrei gewaschen und getrocknet. Über diesen Katalysator wird ein vorwiegend aus Olefinen. bestehendes Gemisch gasförmiger Kohlenwasserstoffe bei 200° und unter einem Druck von ioo at geleitet. 9o °/o der Olefine werden dabei zu flüssigen, vorwiegend unterhalb 200° siedenden Kohlenwasserstoffen umgesetzt. Die Octanzahl der bis zu i8o° siedenden Benzinfraktion ist 98 (nach der Researchmethode).The catalysts prepared in the manner described have the advantage over other silica-containing catalysts of a particularly high selectivity with regard to the products formed. ie a larger proportion of the products boils within a narrower boiling range. They contain z. B. when maintaining a certain polymerization temperature more dimers of the starting olefin or when maintaining a higher temperature more trimers, etc. than is the case when using other silica-containing catalysts under appropriate conditions. In addition to an increased yield of the actually desired products, this also results in the further advantage that, as a result of the substantial reduction in the formation of high-polymer products which reduce the catalytic effect, the life of the new catalysts is significantly longer, Example 1.3 1 waterglass solution, which is 26% Si 02 contains, is diluted with 10 l of water and treated with 43 cm of concentrated hydrochloric acid. ZudieserLösungwerden 3.95 kg of aluminum nitrate [Al (NO3) 3-9H20], 6o g ferric chloride (Fe C13 - 6H2.0) and 1 8 g of magnesium chloride [MgCl, # 6 H20] was added io dissolved in 1 water. The clear sol prepared in this way and a 2oo% ammonia solution are added to water, which has been adjusted to the desired pH of 5.5 by the addition of ammonia, with vigorous stirring so that the pH in the liquid, measured with an antimony electrode, is Value 5.5 is maintained permanently. The precipitated mass is filtered, washed free of chlorine with water adjusted to pH = 5.5 and dried. This catalyst is made up of predominantly olefins. existing mixture of gaseous hydrocarbons passed at 200 ° and under a pressure of 100 atm. 90% of the olefins are converted into liquid hydrocarbons, which predominantly boil below 200 °. The octane number of the gasoline fraction boiling up to 180 ° is 98 (according to the research method).
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEB6602D DE854213C (en) | 1938-12-24 | 1938-12-24 | Process for the polymerisation of hydrocarbons |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEB6602D DE854213C (en) | 1938-12-24 | 1938-12-24 | Process for the polymerisation of hydrocarbons |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE854213C true DE854213C (en) | 1952-10-30 |
Family
ID=6954756
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEB6602D Expired DE854213C (en) | 1938-12-24 | 1938-12-24 | Process for the polymerisation of hydrocarbons |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE854213C (en) |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE571122C (en) * | 1920-02-28 | 1933-02-23 | Silica Gel Corp | Process for the production of catalytically active gels |
| US2068016A (en) * | 1933-03-06 | 1937-01-19 | Gen Motors Corp | Method of polymerizing olefins |
| FR826790A (en) * | 1936-10-07 | 1938-04-08 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Process for the production of liquid hydrocarbons from gaseous olefins |
-
1938
- 1938-12-24 DE DEB6602D patent/DE854213C/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE571122C (en) * | 1920-02-28 | 1933-02-23 | Silica Gel Corp | Process for the production of catalytically active gels |
| US2068016A (en) * | 1933-03-06 | 1937-01-19 | Gen Motors Corp | Method of polymerizing olefins |
| FR826790A (en) * | 1936-10-07 | 1938-04-08 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Process for the production of liquid hydrocarbons from gaseous olefins |
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