DE854073C - Method for producing bubble-free quartz glass - Google Patents
Method for producing bubble-free quartz glassInfo
- Publication number
- DE854073C DE854073C DEP3267D DEP0003267D DE854073C DE 854073 C DE854073 C DE 854073C DE P3267 D DEP3267 D DE P3267D DE P0003267 D DEP0003267 D DE P0003267D DE 854073 C DE854073 C DE 854073C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- quartz glass
- pressure
- hydrogen
- melting
- free quartz
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
- C03B5/225—Refining
- C03B5/2252—Refining under reduced pressure, e.g. with vacuum refiners
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Glass Melting And Manufacturing (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
Description
Verfahren zum Herstellen von blasenfreiem Quarzglas Das bisher am meisten angewendete Verfahren, Quarzglas zu erschmelzen, bestand darin, daß mau an ein vorhandenes Quarzglas- oder Quarzgutrohr in mühsa iner _\rheit kleine Bergkristallstücke im Wasserstoff-Sauerstoff-Gebläse anklebte und diese verglaste. Hierbei entstand ein einigermaßen blasenfreies Quarzglas erst nach mehrmaligem Durchschmelzen des aufgebauten Quarzglaskörpers. Versucht inan, Quarzglas in einem Schmelzgefäß zu erschmelzen, so entsteht meist ein sehr stark mit Wasen <ltirclisetzter Schnielzling. Es ist daher bereits vorgeschlagen worden, kleinkörnigen Bergkristall txler aber auch körnige Kieselsäure in einem elektrisclic@n Vakuumofen zu erschmelzen. Auch hierbei wurden jedoch ausreichend blasenfreie Quarzglaskörper nicht erhalten, weil bei der h.rschinelzting unter Vakuum eine starke Verdampfung der Kieselsäure eintrat und die hierdurch entstandeneii großen Blasen aus der zähen Quarzschmelze nicht genügend entweichen konnten. Uni dies zu vernicid@n hat man schon vorgeschlagen, beim Vakuumschmelzen von Bergkristall nach Erreichen der Schmelztemperatur die Schmelze der I:inwirkun:r eines unter einem Überdruck von 8 bis 12 Atin. und mehr stehenden Gases, insbesondere Kohlensäure, auszusetzen. Auch dieses Verfahren befriedigte jedoch nicht, da zwar durch die Druckeinwirkung des Gases die beim Schmelzvorgang entstandenen sehr kleinen Gasblasen beseitigt, größere jedoch nur auf kleinen Raum zusammengedrängt wurden, so daß als Endergebnis ein immerhin noch in gewissem Maße Gasblasen enthaltendes Quarzglas entstand.Method for producing bubble-free quartz glass The so far on Most of the methods used to melt quartz glass consisted of mau to an existing quartz glass or quartz tube in laboriously small pieces of rock crystal stuck in the hydrogen-oxygen blower and glazed them. This resulted in a somewhat bubble-free quartz glass only after the built-up quartz glass body. Try to put quartz glass in a melting pot melt, the result is usually a Schnielzling very strongly mixed with water. It has therefore already been suggested to txler small-grain rock crystal though also to melt granular silica in an electric vacuum furnace. Even here, however, sufficiently bubble-free quartz glass bodies were not obtained because During the h.rschinelzting, strong evaporation of the silica occurred under vacuum and the resulting large bubbles from the viscous quartz melt do not were able to escape sufficiently. Uni to vernicid @ n has already been suggested, in the vacuum melting of rock crystal after reaching the melting temperature the melt the I: effect: r one under an overpressure of 8 to 12 atins. and more standing Gas, especially carbon dioxide. This procedure was also satisfactory but not, because the pressure of the gas causes the melting process resulting Eliminates very small gas bubbles, but compresses larger ones only in a small space so that the end result is still a gas bubble to a certain extent Quartz glass was created.
Erfindungsgemäß kann praktisch blasenfreies 0uarzglas auf einfache und sichere Weise erhalten werden, wenn in dem zum Schmelzen des Ausgangsstoffes, etwa kleinkörniger Bergkristall oder körnige Kieselsäure, dienenden elektrisch beheizten Ofen bis zum Erreichen der Schmelztemperatur und auch noch während des mindestens io Minuten währenden .eigentlichen Schmelzvorganges eine unter einem Druck von io bis i5o Torr stehende Wasserstoffatmosphäre aufrechterhalten wird, deren Druck nach Beendigung des Schmelzvorganges auf etwa i bis 2 Atm. erhöht wird. Der zum Schmelzen dienende Ofen muß in bekannter Weise mit einem Vakuumanschluß versehen sein, um vor Einleitung des Wasserstoffes ihn weitgehend entlüften zu können. Der Ofen wird in einem Zeitraum von rund i Stunde von Zimmertemperatur bis auf die Schmelztemperatur des Ausgangsstoffes, die üblicherweise etwa 2ooo bis 22oo° beträgt, hochgeheizt. Die Schmelztemperatur wird vorzugsweise für eine Dauer von 15 bis 20 :Minuten aufrechterhalten. Der im Ofen während des Hochheizens und auch während der eigentlichen Schmeizzeit eingeleitete Wasserstoff steht vorzugsweise unter einem Druck von .5o Torr. Durch den Druck des schön beim Hochheizen des Ofens vorhandenen Wasserstoffes wird die Kieselsäureverdampfung des Ausgangsstoffes stark unterdrückt, so daß es nicht zur Bildung großer Kieselsäureverdampfungsblasen kommen kann. Der 1\'asserstoff dringt zwar andererseits in die Quarzschmelze ein und füllt auch die zwischen den einzelnen Ausgangskörnern vorhandenen kleinen Zwischenräume an, was jedoch nicht weiter von Schaden ist, da durch die nach Beendigung des Schmelzvorgailges stattfindende Erhöhung des Wasserstoffdruckes auf etwa i bis 2 Atm. die Schmelze etwas zusammengepreßt und der Druck in den Gasbläschen auf annähernd i Atm. erhöht wird. Da der in der Schmelze schon früher absorbierte M'asserstoff jedoch nur unter einem Druck von beispielsweise 5o Torr steht, wird der in den Bläschen vorhandene, auf höheren Druck gekommene Wasserstoff von der Schmelze praktisch restlos absorbiert, zumal es sich nur um sehr kleine Wasserstoffmengen handelt. Diese Absorption des Wasserstoffes wird dabei durch den Umstand, daß Wasserstoff von allen Gasen am leichtesten in Quarz hineindiffundiert, besonders unterstützt.According to the invention, practically bubble-free acrylic glass can be produced in a simple manner and safely obtained if, in the process of melting the starting material, Small-grain rock crystal or granular silica, for example, are used electrically heated Furnace until the melting temperature is reached and also during the at least 10 minutes of the actual melting process, one under a pressure of 10 until 15o Torr a standing hydrogen atmosphere is maintained, the pressure of which after End of the melting process to about 1 to 2 atm. is increased. The one to melt Serving furnace must be provided in a known manner with a vacuum connection in order to to be able to largely vent it before introducing the hydrogen. The furnace will in a period of around 1 hour from room temperature to the melting temperature of the starting material, which is usually about 2ooo to 22oo °, heated up. The melting temperature is preferably maintained for a period of 15 to 20 minutes. The one in the oven during heating up and also during the actual melting time introduced hydrogen is preferably under a pressure of .5o Torr. By the pressure of the hydrogen, which is present when the furnace is heated up, becomes the Silica evaporation of the starting material is strongly suppressed, so that it does not lead to Formation of large silica evaporation bubbles can occur. The hydrogen penetrates on the other hand into the quartz melt and also fills the between the individual Starting grains present small gaps, which, however, is not further from Damage is due to the increase occurring after the end of the melting process the hydrogen pressure to about 1 to 2 atm. the melt compressed a little and the pressure in the gas bubbles to approximately 1 atm. is increased. Since the in the However, melt previously only absorbed hydrogen under a pressure of for example 50 Torr, the pressure present in the vesicles is at a higher pressure Any hydrogen that has come into the melt is practically completely absorbed, especially since it is is only a very small amount of hydrogen. This absorption of hydrogen is made possible by the fact that hydrogen is the easiest of all gases in Quartz diffused into it, especially supported.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DEP3267D DE854073C (en) | 1941-12-07 | 1941-12-07 | Method for producing bubble-free quartz glass |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DEP3267D DE854073C (en) | 1941-12-07 | 1941-12-07 | Method for producing bubble-free quartz glass |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE854073C true DE854073C (en) | 1952-10-30 |
Family
ID=7358625
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DEP3267D Expired DE854073C (en) | 1941-12-07 | 1941-12-07 | Method for producing bubble-free quartz glass |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE854073C (en) |
Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE953557C (en) * | 1953-08-01 | 1956-12-06 | Siemens Ag | Process for the production of quartz glass which essentially suppresses the ozone-forming radiation, in particular of covers for ultraviolet emitters |
US10618833B2 (en) | 2015-12-18 | 2020-04-14 | Heraeus Quarzglas Gmbh & Co. Kg | Preparation of a synthetic quartz glass grain |
US10676388B2 (en) | 2015-12-18 | 2020-06-09 | Heraeus Quarzglas Gmbh & Co. Kg | Glass fibers and pre-forms made of homogeneous quartz glass |
US10730780B2 (en) | 2015-12-18 | 2020-08-04 | Heraeus Quarzglas Gmbh & Co. Kg | Preparation of a quartz glass body in a multi-chamber oven |
US11053152B2 (en) | 2015-12-18 | 2021-07-06 | Heraeus Quarzglas Gmbh & Co. Kg | Spray granulation of silicon dioxide in the preparation of quartz glass |
US11236002B2 (en) | 2015-12-18 | 2022-02-01 | Heraeus Quarzglas Gmbh & Co. Kg | Preparation of an opaque quartz glass body |
US11299417B2 (en) | 2015-12-18 | 2022-04-12 | Heraeus Quarzglas Gmbh & Co. Kg | Preparation of a quartz glass body in a melting crucible of refractory metal |
US11339076B2 (en) | 2015-12-18 | 2022-05-24 | Heraeus Quarzglas Gmbh & Co. Kg | Preparation of carbon-doped silicon dioxide granulate as an intermediate in the preparation of quartz glass |
US11492282B2 (en) | 2015-12-18 | 2022-11-08 | Heraeus Quarzglas Gmbh & Co. Kg | Preparation of quartz glass bodies with dew point monitoring in the melting oven |
US11492285B2 (en) | 2015-12-18 | 2022-11-08 | Heraeus Quarzglas Gmbh & Co. Kg | Preparation of quartz glass bodies from silicon dioxide granulate |
US11952303B2 (en) | 2015-12-18 | 2024-04-09 | Heraeus Quarzglas Gmbh & Co. Kg | Increase in silicon content in the preparation of quartz glass |
-
1941
- 1941-12-07 DE DEP3267D patent/DE854073C/en not_active Expired
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE953557C (en) * | 1953-08-01 | 1956-12-06 | Siemens Ag | Process for the production of quartz glass which essentially suppresses the ozone-forming radiation, in particular of covers for ultraviolet emitters |
US10618833B2 (en) | 2015-12-18 | 2020-04-14 | Heraeus Quarzglas Gmbh & Co. Kg | Preparation of a synthetic quartz glass grain |
US10676388B2 (en) | 2015-12-18 | 2020-06-09 | Heraeus Quarzglas Gmbh & Co. Kg | Glass fibers and pre-forms made of homogeneous quartz glass |
US10730780B2 (en) | 2015-12-18 | 2020-08-04 | Heraeus Quarzglas Gmbh & Co. Kg | Preparation of a quartz glass body in a multi-chamber oven |
US11053152B2 (en) | 2015-12-18 | 2021-07-06 | Heraeus Quarzglas Gmbh & Co. Kg | Spray granulation of silicon dioxide in the preparation of quartz glass |
US11236002B2 (en) | 2015-12-18 | 2022-02-01 | Heraeus Quarzglas Gmbh & Co. Kg | Preparation of an opaque quartz glass body |
US11299417B2 (en) | 2015-12-18 | 2022-04-12 | Heraeus Quarzglas Gmbh & Co. Kg | Preparation of a quartz glass body in a melting crucible of refractory metal |
US11339076B2 (en) | 2015-12-18 | 2022-05-24 | Heraeus Quarzglas Gmbh & Co. Kg | Preparation of carbon-doped silicon dioxide granulate as an intermediate in the preparation of quartz glass |
US11492282B2 (en) | 2015-12-18 | 2022-11-08 | Heraeus Quarzglas Gmbh & Co. Kg | Preparation of quartz glass bodies with dew point monitoring in the melting oven |
US11492285B2 (en) | 2015-12-18 | 2022-11-08 | Heraeus Quarzglas Gmbh & Co. Kg | Preparation of quartz glass bodies from silicon dioxide granulate |
US11708290B2 (en) | 2015-12-18 | 2023-07-25 | Heraeus Quarzglas Gmbh & Co. Kg | Preparation of a quartz glass body in a multi-chamber oven |
US11952303B2 (en) | 2015-12-18 | 2024-04-09 | Heraeus Quarzglas Gmbh & Co. Kg | Increase in silicon content in the preparation of quartz glass |
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