DE8529658U1 - spinning machine - Google Patents

Description

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Zinser Textilmaschinen GmbH 7333 Ebersbach

spinning machine

The invention relates to a spinning machine according to the preamble of claim 1.

Such a spinning machine produces yarns from two fiber bundles each, which run to a union point, from where they are twisted together to form a single yarn. The fiber bands can consist of any non-continuous fibers, preferably combed wool. The twist of the yarn can be produced by conventional means, preferably by means of a spindle that coaxially penetrates a spinning ring, on which a traveler dragged by the yarn can rotate. However, it is also possible to provide other devices for producing the twist and winding up the yarn, for example a rotating spinning pot, a wing spindle or the like.

Each work station on the spinning machine at which a yarn is produced is called a spinning station.

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In a known spinning machine of this type (DE-US 30 21 614), each spinning station is assigned a breakage monitor, which has a rotating arm resting on the union point as a sensor. If a fiber structure breaks, the arm tilts downwards and

XO triggers a subsequent yarn break by means of a clamping element that clamps the yarn and is firmly connected to the arm. This is desirable because the flow of the remaining fiber structure at the spinning station is generally not interrupted by the breakage of just one of the two fiber structures. A yarn of lesser strength, half the strength with the same subcomponents, would then be spun. This fault point could easily lead to yarn breaks and defective goods during subsequent processing of the yarn. This well-known breakage monitor does have the advantage that it only requires a single mechanical sensor. However, since this mechanical sensor formed by the arm rests on the union point, it can influence this and the yarn, for example by moving it downwards and increasing the risk of breakage, especially with fine yarns.

A spinning machine of this type is also known (DE-OS 30 28 453), which also has a single sensor, which, however, at a distance below the point where the two fiber bundles meet, senses a property of the yarn running downwards from the point where the two fiber bundles meet, which property changes noticeably when the yarn is only spun from one of the two fiber bundles. This property can be its capacitive

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This can be the mass/length to be measured or the thickness to be measured photo-optically. However, this requires the yarn to be very even, so that this measuring method can only be used to a limited extent. There is also the risk that fibre fly depositing on the measuring device can lead to incorrect measurements.

It is an object of the invention to create a spinning machine of the type mentioned at the beginning, in which only a single break sensor is required per spinning station, which, however, does not increase the risk of breakage of the fiber structures or the yarn and allows the spinning of any yarn, even very uneven yarns, without disadvantage.

This object is achieved according to the invention by a spinning machine according to claim 1.

This break sensor does not need to be sensitive to a changing property of the yarn, but only to the presence or absence of the yarn or the relevant fiber structure on its normal path. The yarn can therefore have any properties, in particular it can be very irregular and consist of any fibers, e.g. cotton fibers or similar short fibers. This sensor is therefore not or only slightly sensitive to fiber fly and can easily be designed so that no fiber fly can accumulate on it to a disturbing extent and if necessary it can also be easily cleaned of any fiber fly that is attached, e.g. using a conventional traveling blower. This sensor can

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preferably work without contact, but it is also possible to | the presence or absence of the yarn or the fiber &iacgr;

Association on the relevant normal route by means of \

of a mechanical sensor, since this is not I

rests on the junction point of the two fiber bundles, but only needs to contact the yarn or the fiber bundle laterally j slightly at a distance from the junction point I, so that it also does not increase the risk of breakage. |

Preferably, the sensor can be a photoelectric sensor, j

in particular a photoelectric sensor, be-;

A light sensor is particularly useful. It can also advantageously have at least one lens. However, other sensors, preferably those that work without contact, can also be used , such as capacitive sensors or the like.

j Contactless sensors can be easily constructed in such a way ^that they do not tend to collect flying fibres and can be easily cleaned, especially by blowing them off using a travelling

blow. According to a preferred development, the photoelectric sensor is designed as a light barrier, be it a one-way light barrier, a reflex light barrier or another light barrier. In a one-way light barrier the light transmitter and the light receiver are each facing each other

whereas in reflex light barriers the light transmitter and the light receiver are arranged next to each other and directed towards a reflector ^f which is located opposite them at a distance .

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f However, it is also possible to use the photoelectric sensor r

can also be designed differently, preferably as a reflex sensor. When designed as a reflex sensor, it also has _a light transmitter and a light receiver. The two Light transmitters of the sensing device are arranged in such a way that their light paths run in such a way that in the event of a fiber structure breaking, the remaining fiber structure reaches one of the two light paths of these light transmitters and thereby emitted by the light transmitter in question

Light is reflected to the associated light receiver, so that it senses the presence of this fiber structure in the light path of the light transmitter.

The photoelectric sensor also has the advantage that it does not require any mechanically moving parts and can be manufactured in a structurally simple, cost-effective and extremely reliable manner.

__ Since it can often take a relatively long time to repair a yarn break, or the yarn break is often only repaired after a take-off has been completed and during this time the slivers of fibres that continue to run out of the drafting system of the spinning cell in question are no longer used to make the yarn

are turned, it is advantageous if, following a 30

Fiber Association also announced the further delivery of

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slivers from the drafting system are automatically interrupted at the relevant spinning station. This can be achieved by controlling a yarn separating device for clamping, cutting, tearing or the like of the yarn and/or a roving stop device by means of a break signal. is- The yarn separating device is used to cut through the yarn that is still present after a break in one of the two fiber bundles at the relevant spinning station. This cutting can be done mechanically using a cutting device or electrically. by means of a glow wire or in another suitable way, e.g. by clamping the yarn, because as a result of clamping the yarn, a break occurs because it is no longer fed to the winding device. A roving stop device stops the further running of the the two fibre bands (slivers) leading to the drafting system of the relevant spinning station in any suitable manner, e.g. by clamping, opening the drafting system or similar.

The drawing shows embodiments of the invention.

Fig. 1 is a schematic, partial front view of a spinning station of a not further Details of the ring spinning machine, whereby part of the electronic equipment of this machine for automatically interrupting the spinning of the yarns when photoelectric sensors are activated in block diagram position is shown,

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5786 -&Igr;&Ogr;^ 5 Fig. 2 a schematic plan view of the photoelectro- 3 tric sensing device of the spinning station

, according to Fig. 1,

I Fig. 3 a modification of the sensing device according to Fig. 2,

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Fig. 4 shows a partial view of a Modification of the spinning station according to Fig. 1,

Fig. 5 is an enlarged partial section through Fig. 4 » 15 taken along the line 5-5, with all

The parts located below the union point 19 are not shown.

1 20 The spinning station shown in detail ⁱⁿ Fig. 1

a ring spinning machine has a drafting system 11 comprising several pairs of rollers I for drawing two

i Distance between adjacent fiber bands 17, 17*

S, whereby only the delivery roller

I 25 pair 14 is shown. The bottom roller 15 of this delivery I roller pair 14 can be in the usual way for spinning machines

, through a nearly entire length of the

> the side of this spinning machine, onto which a 30 top roller 16 is pressed at each spinning station. The two individual fiber bands 17, 17* running through the drafting system are held at a lateral distance by band guides (not shown).

i from each other and run after leaving the delivery

I roller pair 14 to a union point 19, which is

35 close above a one-way light barrier (Fig. 2)

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forming photoelectric sensor 21. These two fiber bundles 22, 22*, which still run out of the delivery roller pair 14 without being twisted, are twisted together from the union point 19 to form a yarn 23. This yarn 23 runs on its normal path, which is present when both fiber bundles 22/22' are present, through the sensor 21, which is arranged at a distance below the union point 19, and immediately afterwards through a yarn separating device 24, which can be designed, for example, as a cutting device with two knives.

This yarn separating device 24 can be electrically operated and, following each operation, the yarn 23 is cut. This operation is triggered by the sensor when it senses a break,

As long as the yarn separating device 24 is not activated, the yarn 23 passes through it without being cut by it. The yarn 23 then passes through a yarn guide 25 arranged at a distance above a spindle and from there, forming a thread balloon, to a rotating spindle 26, onto which a sleeve 27 is detachably attached, onto which the yarn 23 is wound to form a yarn winding body 29. On this path from the yarn guide 25 to the spindle 26, the yarn 23 passes through a traveler 30, which, dragged by the yarn, rotates on a spinning ring 31 coaxially penetrated by the spindle 26. This spinning ring 31 is located on a ring rail 32, which carries out lifting movements to lay the yarn 23 on the sleeve 27 to the winding body 29.

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&dgr; If one of the two fiber bundles 22, 22' breaks, the other fiber bundle moves sideways and the yarn 23 thereby comes out of the light beam of the light barrier 21 and is now twisted into the yarn alone. This remaining fiber bundle is designated in the drawing with 22a or 22a' and forms a yarn of correspondingly reduced thickness,

In the embodiment of the photoelectric sensor 21 as a light barrier shown in Fig. 2, its light transmitter 42 and its light receiver 44 are arranged on the two legs of a horizontal frame 41 that is C-shaped when viewed from above. The light transmitter 42 and the light receiver 44 are housed in corresponding holes in the frame 41 that forms a common housing for them. The light transmitter 42 and the light receiver 44 only protrude slightly with their lenses beyond the frame 41 that has a smooth outer circumference, so that the frame, including the light transmitter and light receiver 44 housed in it, has a smooth outer circumference on all sides, which does not provide any starting points for flying fibers to become stuck, and so this entire sensor 21 is not susceptible to contamination and in particular does not tend to hold flying fibers. Its smooth surface also makes it easy to clean, either mechanically or by blowing it out using a conventional travelling blower, as is known for pneumatic cleaning of spinning machines.

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The light receiver 44, which has a photodiode and an optic, for example, receives the light beam generated by the light transmitter 42, which has a light bulb, light-emitting diode or the like and an optic, in a straight beam path and converts it into a corresponding electrical signal. As long as the light beam is weakened by the yarn 23, the electrical output signal of the light receiver, which is amplified in an amplifier 43, is below the threshold value of a threshold detector 33 connected downstream of the amplifier 43, so that

Ii) this does not provide an output signal and the separating device 24 is not activated. However, if a remaining fiber structure, such as 22a or 22a ¹ , comes out of the light beam of the light barrier 21 as a result of a break in the other fiber structure - or in the case of a break in the yarn 23 - the radiation energy received by the light receiver 44 increases and, as described in more detail below, this triggers an electrical break signal which activates the separating device 24 to cut through the fiber structure 22a or 22a ¹ in the form of yarn and can possibly signal the break to an operator or an automatic thread attachment carriage for repair.

The light barrier 21 can also be designed as a reflection light barrier, i.e. the light emitted by the light transmitter 42 is reflected by a reflector on the opposite area of the frame 41 and received by a light receiver arranged next to it. The received light intensity increases accordingly^ if the yarn 23 is broken due to the breakage of any

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fiber structure 22, 22' from the light beam.

The threshold value of the detector 33 can be set by means of a threshold value selector 34 that is common to all spinning stations on the relevant machine or on the relevant machine long side, so that the threshold value of each threshold value detector 33 can be set to the thickness or number of the yarn being spun. Fig. 1 shows a few more threshold value detectors 33 that are assigned to other spinning stations on this spinning machine.

The spinning machine can, for example, have several hundred spinning stations. The threshold detector 33 is designed in such a way that it delivers an output signal as long as the output signal of the light receiver 44 assigned to it, amplified in the amplifier 43, exceeds its displayed threshold value, but does not deliver an output signal if the output signal of the amplifier 43 falls below the set threshold value. It can be expedient to provide that the exceeding of the threshold value is only signaled if this exceeding continues uninterrupted for a predetermined, short period of time, which is selected in such a way that it can no longer be caused by random deflections and vibrations of the yarn 23. This period of time can also be set by the threshold selector 34. The output signal of the threshold detector forms the break signal of the spinning station in question and is converted in an amplifier and pulse shaper stage 36.

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formed and reinforced and then fed to the yarn separating device to initiate a cutting process, so that the remaining yarn 22a'or 22a is cut by the yarn separating device 24 and thus the spinning of the yarn is interrupted.

In many cases, the sensor 21 can also be designed in a different way than as a light barrier, for example as a reflex sensor, as shown in an example in Fig. 3. Here, the photosensitive

&khgr; 5 sensor 21 has a light transmitter 42 and a light receiver which are arranged side by side on one leg of an angle bracket 41* fixed to the frame of the spinning machine in such a way that the light receiver always senses the yarn 23 when it enters the light beam

2Q of the light transmitter 42 to such an extent that the Light receiver 44 responds to the light reflected to it from the relevant fiber bundle. In this case, the amplifier 43 can expediently have a pulse shaper stage and a downstream negation element. such that the threshold detector 33 always then provides a break signal to activate the separating device if a fiber structure 22 or 22* is broken and the yarn formed by the remaining fiber structure 22a* or 22a is removed from the area of action of the

reflex sensor 21.

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Instead of arranging the photoelectric sensor in such a way that it scans the normal path of the yarn 23, i.e. in the presence of both fiber bundles 22, 22* at a distance below the union point 19 without contact, it can also be arranged in such a way that it scans the normal path of a of the two fiber bundles 22 or 22* for the absence of this fiber bundle 22 or 22*. This is shown schematically in an embodiment in Fig. 4, where a sensor 21 detects the normal path of the fiber bundle 22 at a distance above the union point 19, whereby, however, instead of a photoelectric sensor, a mechanical sensor 21 is arranged here. However, instead of the mechanical sensor 21, a photoelectric sensor, particularly expediently a light barrier or a Reflex sensor or, for example, a photoelectric sensor that detects the fiber bundle 22 that is only illuminated by the normal light of the room lighting of the relevant machine room, which in the latter case does not have a light transmitter, or another suitable A sensor can be provided that senses whether the fiber bundle 22 is missing from the normal path it is scanning. If this fiber bundle 22 is missing from its normal path, a break signal is triggered. In this embodiment,

3C in that the mechanical sensor 21 actuates an electrical switch 55, which can preferably only be a touch switch, which thus signals each time the sensor 21 comes into contact with it, and in this embodiment directly an electrical break signal to a separating device 24, which is then activated by this signal energizes the remaining yarn 22a or 22a ¹ is severed.

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In this embodiment, this sensor 2J has an arm 57 which is rotatably mounted on a carrier 56 which is fixedly arranged on the frame of the spinning machine (not shown), and which forms the mechanical sensor 21. It is spring-loaded by a spring 58 in the direction of arrow A and receives the fiber structure 22 in a fork 59 arranged at the free end at a distance above the union point 19. The spring 58 is only very weak, so that the arm 57 rests on the fiber structure 22 with only very little force and does not disturb its running. If, however, the fiber structure 22 or the yarn 23 breaks, this arm 57 is pressed by the spring 58 into the position shown in dash-dotted form in Fig. 5 until it rests against the touch switch 55, so that this switch 55 then triggers a » break signal indicating the break for actuating the separating device 24 to sever the remaining fiber structure 22a* and, if necessary, also to actuate an alarm device to call an operator or a yarn attachment carriage. If, on the other hand, it is not the fiber structure 22 and the yarn 23 that break, but the fiber structure 22', then the path of the fiber structure 22 shifts from its normal path to the path assigned to the now only remaining fiber structure 22a, so that this remaining fiber structure 22a forming a yarn also pivots the sensor 2'. into the position shown in dash-dotted lines in Fig. 5, in which the arm 57 again rests against the touch switch 55 and thereby also triggers the separating device 24 for severing the remaining fiber structure 22a.

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5 The mechanical sensor 23 can also, if necessary, take the place of the photoelectric sensor 21 in Fig. 1, or a photoelectric sensor 23 can take the place of the mechanical sensor 21 and the electrical switch 10 associated with it in the embodiment according to Figs. 4 and 5.

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Claims (1)

- 1 - claims 1· Spinning machine/preferably ring spinning machine, for spinning yarns, with a plurality of spinning stations, whereby at each spinning station two textile fiber bundles running out of a drafting system at a distance from one another as still untwisted fiber bands run to a union point and from there are twisted together to form the yarn, which runs to the spindle or the like that gives it the twist, whereby each spinning station is assigned a sensor that responds to the breakage of either of the two fiber bundles as well as to the breakage of the yarn formed from them, characterized in that the sensor (21) _monitors either the normal path of one of the two fiber bundles (22; 22') above the union point (19) or the normal path of the yarn (23) below the union point (19) for the presence of the fiber bundle or yarn in question and triggers a breakage signal if the monitored fiber bundle or yarn is suddenly missing from its normal path during operation. 5786 - 2 - &iacgr; P 2. Spinning machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the sensor (21) is a photoelectric sensor, preferably a light sensor. 3. Spinning machine according to claim 2, characterized in that the sensor (21) is designed as a light barrier. 4. Spinning machine according to claim 2, characterized in that the sensor is designed as a reflex sensor. 5. Spinning machine according to one of claims 2-4, characterized characterized in that the sensor (21) is associated with a threshold value detector device (33) which responds to changes in the output signal of a Light receiver (44) of the photoelectric sensor (21) responds by emitting a break signal. 6. Spinning machine according to claim 5, characterized in that the threshold detector device (33) only detects a break in a fiber structure (22; 22') signaled when the exceedance or undershoot of its threshold value triggered by such a break (22a, 22a ¹ ) continues uninterrupted for a predetermined period of time. 30 35 &bull;«&bull;«&bull;&bull;ti·· 5786 - 3 - 6 7. Spinning machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the sensor (21) is a mechanical sensor. 8. Spinning machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sensor (21) stop device can be controlled.