DE8420805U1 - Dowels - Google Patents

Description

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Dowels

The innovation concerns a dowel with an axial ^

Slidable element for wedging the dowel in a hole assigned to it and a sleeve for receiving a fastening means. V-

A dowel of the type described above is known, for example, from DE-As 21 14 596. Dowels of this type, which are referred to as expanding dowels, have the disadvantage that the diameter of the associated borehole is kept within a narrow tolerance to the dowel diameter must, because otherwise the desired |? Clamping effect does not occur and the dowel simply rotates when the fastening means, for example a screw, is screwed in too large a drill hole. In practice, however, it is almost the case with masonry of different densities and made of different stone profiles and hollow shapes impossible 3 borrowed the drill hole diameter suitable for a dowel {

to produce a nice tolerance. This is due to different \

't borrowed behavior of the masonry itself, as well as on the | Inaccuracy of the bevel of the j-drill used in each case. In addition to the cited reference, there have therefore been very numerous attempts to reliably prevent the dowel from turning or slipping off in a borehole that does not fit with sufficient accuracy. Usually this has been attempted with differently shaped ^ -. webs and barbs attached to the outside of the dowel, which are caught in the wall of the bore; should in order to prevent the dowel from turning. Reference should be made to DE-OS 26 25 172, or DE-AS 27 11 605 and DE-OS 29 09 294, for example. Further attempts at solving the problem are still ongoing

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recognizable in DE-OS 29 47 750 and in DE-OS 29 47 752. All dowels in the literature references mentioned do not work satisfactorily in practice, despite the large number in which they are used. Rather, it must in order to achieve at least a sufficient function, drilled material, bore diameter and Dowel shape must be matched to one another in order to ensure adequate protection against rotation or slipping of the To reach the dowel when inserting the fastener. This makes the handling of the known solutions extremely impractical, especially for bulk consumers.

The innovation is based on the task of designing a dowel of the type described above so that also in the case of larger hole diameter differences, the dowel of Is held in the bore so that it cannot twist at the beginning, and §

i even if the fastener is not yet

is used.

This object is achieved according to the invention and based on a dowel of the type described in that for the relative displacement of the axially displaceable element and the sleeve with a pulling element guided outwards towards the front Eye or handle piece is provided. In this way, the axially displaceable element can easily from The outside of the Zugelemtnt can be axially displaced in the necessary direction, thereby spreading the sleeve. As a result of this spreading, the sleeve sits firmly in the associated bore from the start and the fastening means can now be used be screwed in without having to fear that the dowel will rotate at the same time. at If necessary, the tension element, which does its job after the displacement of the axially displaceable elements, can be used has done, be removed, for example by pinching off the protruding ends.

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According to a further development of the innovation, it is proposed that the tension element have a predetermined breaking point for Separation of the tension element after the positioning of the axially movable element. This is a pinch of the tension element is no longer necessary, but it is sufficient that the axially displaceable element with the tension element to bring into position, so to wedge the sleeve in the bore, and it can then the tension element with a j strong jerk from the axially movable element

simply be demolished. At the same time, with the dimensioning of the predetermined breaking point, the axial force acting on the displaceable element is limited, so that inadmissible deformation of the individual elements the anchor can be prevented.

One embodiment of the innovation provides that the Tension element is at least partially guided in the sleeve in a longitudinal channel of the sleeve. This can result in § simply the tension element in the area of the sleeve wall

are held and does not protrude, so that the tension element does not interfere with exactly fitting holes.

Another embodiment of the innovation provides that at least the guided part is from the front outside has attainable approach to the axially displaceable element from its clamping position back into the starting position push back. This makes it possible to insert the dowel after the axially displaceable element has been positioned and thus to loosen and reposition again after its clamping in the associated bore, if z. B. at the first attempt at use the dowel was positioned with unsatisfactory accuracy.

Again an embodiment of the innovation provides that the tension element is designed as a U-shaped loop,

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its two legs approximately along the inner wall of the sleeve out and are connected at their ends to the axially displaceable element. This is a particularly simple one Formation of the tension element and at the same time enables favorable handling of the tension element by the loop shape. Since the legs of this loop are also guided on the inner wall of the sleeve, it remains the outer surface of the anchor completely undisturbed.

Again an embodiment of the innovation sees that

j the tension element is designed as a U-shaped loop,

its two legs axially approximately along the outer wall of the

f 'sleeve guided and with their ends with an axial

! movable element are connected. this is a

: particularly simple design because some additional Changes to the sleeve of the anchor itself! "Are no longer required. It is with this configuration It is even conceivable to produce a U-shaped loop and an axially displaceable element as a single part to be assigned to any already known dowel. It is only necessary to the axially displaceable element on Use the tapered end of the commercial dowel and the tension element designed as a U-shaped loop to lead from the outside over the sleeve.

Another embodiment of the innovation provides that to accommodate the two taverns? one each in the wall of the sleeve Longitudinal groove is provided. Such a longitudinal groove can be provided inside or outside in the wall and it succeeds in this way, the tavern of the U-shaped loop, which forms the tension element, can be completely accommodated in the wall, so that in turn an external disturbance of the surface of the

Sleeve can be avoided. At the same time this is te
achieves that the legs of the U-shaped loop are correctly positioned and when pressure is exerted for repositioning, these legs will buckle

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Another embodiment of the innovation provides that the tension element runs approximately centrally in the sleeve * In this way, the tension element can be used as a simple thread be formed with sufficient thickness, at its outwardly pointing, protruding end with an eyelet or is provided with a handle. The other end is on that axially movable element attached. For certain In the form of the axially displaceable element, this is a particularly favorable design of the connected tension element.

Again an embodiment of the innovation provides that at the transition from the axially displaceable element to the tension element a predetermined breaking point is provided. The relocation of the predetermined breaking point to the transition area from the axially displaceable Element to the tension element ensures that after tearing off the tension element within the sleeve of the Dowel no more remnants of the tension element are present.

Another embodiment of the innovation, in turn, provides that the axially displaceable element is designed as a flat wedge, which at its cutting edge with the pulling element connected is. The design of the axially displaceable element as a flat wedge is particularly simple and special effective. In addition, such a flat wedge is already available on the market, commercially available Dowels can be used, so that in particular 'in this embodiment of the flat wedge with the tension element as an additional part can be used with commercially available dowels.

A supplementary embodiment of the innovation provides that the flat wedge is inserted in the end area of the sleeve on the borehole side, which over a suitable area

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is divided lengthways speaking. Basically, the flat wedge Can be used at any point on the anchor, provided it is ensured that at the point of the Insert there is enough space for the flat wedge so that the sleeve of the dowel is not yet in the starting position is spread. However, it is particularly favorable if the flat wedge is simply attached to the end region of the sleeve on the borehole side is used because then special measures are no longer required in the area of the sleeve itself.

Another complementary embodiment of the innovation provides that half the wedge angle of the flat wedge is smaller than is the self-locking angle. In this way, a secure positioning of the flat wedge is achieved and it the clamping effect once achieved by the axial displacement of the flat wedge is definitely retained, so that with reliable security even if any tensile force is no longer exerted on the flat wedge the dowel is reliably held in the borehole and a rotation of the dowel in the borehole is screwed in of the fastener is not to be feared.

Furthermore, it is provided according to the innovation that the ends of the U-shaped tension element are wedge-shaped radially inwards or are designed thickened on the outside. In this way, a spreading element or with simple means several expansion elements by appropriate design of at least the ends of the legs of the U-shaped tension element be created. With this configuration of the U-shaped tension element, too, it is possible to "create a simple To create an additional part to commercially available dowels. It just has to be the U-shaped one designed in this way The tension element can be placed over a standard dowel like a clasp. The appropriately designed ends the legs of the U-shaped tension element then simply stand over the tapered end region of the

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commercial dowel and it will be this Commercially available dowels with the U-shaped tension element placed over them are inserted into the drill hole and the U-shaped Pulling element pulled axially outward while holding the sleeve axially in the bore. This will be the wedge-shaped ends of the U-shaped tension element are drawn between the sleeve wall and the bore wall and the sleeve or the commercially available dowel securely in the assigned hole even if the assigned hole is significant Has oversize, positioned.

Again an embodiment of the innovation provides that the U-shaped tension element with its legs in on the Outer surface of the sleeve extending longitudinal grooves is guided, each end of the legs with an associated Spreading element is connected. As a result, a reliable assignment of the sleeve and tension element is achieved again and it can at the same time, the tension element can be accommodated in the wall area of the sleeve, which makes the handling of the innovation according to the invention Dowel is simplified because now in this embodiment the legs of the tension element are not can slip off the sleeve body.

Another embodiment of the innovation provides that the expansion element by a radial and at least inward directed thickening of at least one leg end is formed. This is a particularly simple embodiment of the expansion element together with the associated tension element, which also works absolutely reliably.

A supplementary embodiment of the innovation provides that the outer surface is used as the counter surface for the expansion element of the tapered end portion of the sleeve is used. This allows any additional measures creative nature on the sleeve can be completely avoided.

- 14 The overall arrangement will thus be significantly simplified.

Another complementary design of the innovation sees before that the at least radially inwardly directed thickening by increasing the leg web height of the U-shaped tension element is formed * This is a particularly simple measure to achieve the desired goal and it succeeds in further simplifying the design of dowels, sliding elements (expansion elements) and tension element.

Another complementary embodiment of the innovation sees before that the expansion element is approximately spherical or conical spindle-shaped is trained. Spreading elements (axially displaceable elements) of this training are special easy to manufacture and can even be used as individual elements at almost any point on the sleeve or the end of the sleeve be arranged. An axial displacement of these elements always causes a rapid wedging of the 'sleeve, whereby the desired goal is achieved.

In addition, it is still proposed according to the innovation that the expansion element centrally and in a centrally extending A. receiving opening of the sleeve is inserted and is connected to a centrally located tension element. This too is a particularly simple design that allows dowels and axially displaceable elements to be used at the same time to design a structural unit.

Also according to a supplementary design of the innovation it is also provided that the expansion element is designed as a cross wedge and from the rear into the sleeve with the Pointing forward is inserted. The design of a cross wedge is also very simple and the Cross wedge itself exerts a great expansion force on the sleeve of the anchor when it is axially inserted with the tip first

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Sleeve is driven into it. This is done in a simple I.

Way by the | connected to the tip of the cross wedge

Tension element. · | IJ

Again an embodiment of the innovation provides that

the U-shaped tension element with one leg end at the |

Sleeve and with the other end of the leg on a spreading |

element is attached. Form that way?

Sleeve, expansion element and tension element a coherent i

Unit that is particularly easy to manufacture. ^

Another embodiment of the invention in turn provides
before that the outer or inner surface of the sleeve at least
in some areas at least one section inclined to the longitudinal axis. Has level on each of which one with a tension element | connected expansion element rests with a correspondingly inclined 'i surface, the inclined plane of the outer surface * converging to the longitudinal axis in the direction of the sleeve end and the
inclined plane of the inner surface diverges to the longitudinal axis in the direction t sleeve end. This is a simple design I of the sleeve of the dowel, with which the necessary wedge surfaces for the expansion element can be created. ί The expansion element lies with a correspondingly inclined
Surface on the inclined surface or surfaces of the sleeve. . \

An alternative embodiment of the innovation provides that

at least one axially displaceable element outside and inside

is arranged front region of the sleeve and with a

inclined surface converging towards the front end \

cooperates with the sleeve a forward outward )

Has guided tension element with eyelet or handle.

This configuration is essentially a reversal of the *

to see previous forms, As axially displaceable · i

Element is now used by the sleeve itself, which is connected to the |

Tension element is connected, whereas the second, outer, |

the element comprising the sleeve in its axial position in I.

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the associated hole is held. The wedge surfaces described, which rest against each other, ensure a axial displacement of the sleeve for its wedging in the bore.

Again an embodiment of the innovation provides that the sleeve along a plane inclined to the central axis is divided longitudinally, the axially displaceable element forming half with a forward outward guided tension element is equipped with an eyelet or handle. In this way, the sleeve itself can be used as a Spreading element or wedging element are used and it is not a separate axially displaceable element more required.

According to another embodiment of the innovation it is provided that the adjacent opposing surfaces of axially displaceable Element and sleeve are formed with interlocking teeth. In this way and Way can be ensured with simple means that even if the adjacent wedge surfaces a have greater than the self-locking angle, slipping back of the axially displaceable element and thus a renewed loosening of the sleeve is prevented. The position once assumed for the clamping of the sleeve is due to the toothing of the axially displaceable element safely retained.

Also according to one embodiment of the innovation it is also provided that at least the on the bore wall for The surface of the axially displaceable element coming into abutment has a profiling. This creates a further securing the position of the jammed anchor is achieved.

It is also still after a refinement of the innovation

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provided that the axially displaceable element as a spiral web displaceable on the outer surface of the Sleeve is arranged, wherein the rear end of the spiral web is connected to the sleeve and the front end of the spiral-shaped web as a pulling element with an eyelet or handle that is guided outwards to the front is trained. In this way, too, a simple jamming of the sleeve in the associated bore can be achieved can be achieved.

Likewise after an embodiment of the innovation, it is also proposed that the thickened ends by means of a sufficiently long connecting webs are connected to one another and / or to the sleeve at the end sides. Even this variant is particularly suitable as an additional device for customary dowels, but it is also good suitable to be molded in one piece.

Finally, according to one embodiment of the innovation, it is also proposed that the spreading element be cross-shaped Expansion anchor is formed and is connected to a centrally arranged tension element and in an end Cross slot of the sleeve is used, the expansion surfaces with correspondingly inclined surfaces at the bottom of the This type of construction is particularly suitable for use in soft building materials.

The innovation will now be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings that show various exemplary embodiments will.

They show: Figure 1 a-h, shape variants of axially displaceable elements (expansion elements)

Figure 2 a-k, schematic sketches of different types of sleeve, tension element and

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FIG. 3 shows a section through the sleeve and expansion element along the line A-A Figure 4

FIG. 4 view in the direction of arrow VI according to FIG. 3

FIG. 5 View like FIG. 4, but with the sleeve spread apart

FIG. 6 shows a section through a sleeve with an expansion element and a tension element the line B-B of Figure 7

FIG. 7 view in the direction of arrow VII according to FIG. 6

FIG. 8 View like FIG. 6, but after actuation of the pulling element

FIG. 9 tension element like FIG. 8 but with a modified design of the expansion pieces

FIG. 10 a section along the line C-C Figure ii

FIG. 11 view in the direction of arrow I according to FIG. 10

FIG. 12 longitudinal section through a dowel arranged in the borehole

FIG. 13 view in the direction of arrow II

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according to figure "12
FIG. 14 longitudinal section through a dowel

FIG. 15 view in the direction of the arrow ΙΪΪ ″ according to FIG

FIG. 16 longitudinal section of a dowel with spherical expansion elements and "Ü-shaped tension element

FIG. 17 longitudinal section through a dowel

FIG. 18 view in the direction of arrow IV according to FIG. 17

FIG. 19 longitudinal section of a dowel with a U-shaped tension element on the sleeve and longitudinally cut axially displaceable elements

FIG. 20 longitudinal section through a dowel inserted into a cavity wall

FIG. 21 longitudinal section through a dowel with axially displaceable dowels arranged on the inside Elements

Figure 22 longitudinal section through a dowel with a U-shaped tension element and the Circular shape adapted spreading elements

FIG. 23 View in the direction of arrow V according to FIG. 22

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- Figure 24 a-c, variants of the tension elements

FIG. 25 tension element and expansion piece with predetermined breaking point in longitudinal section

Figure 26 side view of a U-shaped • pulling element with push-back * - pieces

Figure 27 side view of a dowel with "toothed contact surfaces for axially displaceable element and from the axially displaceable element to the bore wall

FIG. 28 section through a sleeve with expansion anchor, in the starting position.

FIG. 29 Section like FIG. 28 but with the expansion anchor actuated

FIG. 30 variant with closed tension element and integrated expansion element

FIG. 31 variant like FIG. 30, but actuated.

FIG. 2 shows a basic representation of various embodiments of the idea according to the innovation. the Embodiment a shows (hatched) in longitudinal section a sleeve 31, the left side first in a Hole, for example a masonry, is used. The sleeve 31 can be parallel to the plane of the drawing opposite arrangement have two slots,

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the base area each forms the inclined plane 37. In a spreading element 45 is inserted into this slot, for example of the shape according to FIG. la with the Spread height 68. This spreading element 45 is connected to the front with a U-shaped tension element 43, so that in In the arrangement shown, both expansion elements 45 are held together via the U-shaped tension element 43. Will In this arrangement, if the U-shaped tension element 43 is pulled to the right, the expansion elements inevitably slide 45 on the inclined plane 37 upwards and thus radially outwards .. So that the sleeve 31 is in the associated Bore, even if it is considerably larger than permissible by the dowel dimension, securely wedged. It the pulling element 43 can then be removed, for example by pinching off the part protruding beyond the front of the wall will.

Figure 2b shows a very similar arrangement. It is merely moved in the axial direction on the sleeve 32, the inclined plane 38, so that now the spreading element 36 weaves is arranged more at the end of the sleeve 32, but \ somewhere in the middle. Again, through again

pulling out the tension element 43 to the right ensures that the expansion element 46 is on the inclined plane 38 slides along and thus radially outward. The spreading element or each spreading element 46 comes through here to rest on the. Assigned bore wall, whereby the sleeve 32 is wedged again.

A variant is shown in Figure 2d. Compared to the previously described embodiments are after Variant according to FIG. 2 d, extended spreading elements 48, which are also not guided in slots of the sleeve 34, but rather on inclined planes 40 so that the spreading elements 48 can have a shape, for example according to Figure 1 b. Such a form - let this be explicit

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However, it is also emphasized for the embodiments according to Figure 2 a and b possible

In Figure 2e, the reverse of the embodiment according to Figure 2d shown. The expansion elements 49 are arranged on the inside in the sleeve 35 here. The inclined plane 41 again ensures that when the tension element 44 is pulled to the right, the sleeve 35 is expanded radially outward Becomes and thereby becomes stuck in the associated hole.

A variation of the embodiment according to Figure 2a is shown with the sketch of Figure 2f here has a very similar shape as the sleeve 31, but it can be at the left end, that is, on the side that as first introduced into the bore, also be more pointed than the sleeve 31. The spreading elements 50 overlap very much strongly the end of the sleeve 36 and are both next to each other. The inclined plane 42 ensures that at a train on the tension element 43 to the right, the expansion elements 50 on this inclined plane 42 upwards, and thus slide radially outward and thereby clamp the sleeve 36 again in the associated bore and thereby create a reliable anti-twist device.

Another embodiment is sketched in Figure 2c. There is an expanding element 47 in the end of the sleeve 33 in the form of a pointed wedge, similar to Figure Ic, inserted The pointed wedge 47 is on its side with the snow connected to a tension element 44 and can be drawn into the sleeve 33 to the right by means of this tension element ″ 44 so that the sleeve 33 is expanded again radially via the inclined planes 39. This too is in turn causes a safe jamming and thus a safe anti-twist protection.

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Another design variant is also shown in FIG. 2g. In this variant, the sleeve 14 is itself along the inclined plane 18 divided so that the upper part of the sleeve 14 is used as an axially displaceable element 20 which is connected to a tension element 22 with an eyelet 23. The inclined plane 18 in which the sleeve 14 is divided, forms with the central axis 16 an angle which can be, for example, smaller than the self-locking angle. The upper part of the sleeve, which is now is used as an axially displaceable element 20, can have the shape of Figure If, for example. ! ' In this embodiment, too, a pull to the right, via eyelet 23 and pull element 22, ensures that the axial displaceable element 20 along the inclined plane 18 | slides and is displaced radially outward so that | again the desired wedge effect occurs. ? |

Another variant is shown in FIG. 2h. There is the outer surface 2 of the sleeve 3 with a

spiral-shaped web 1 wrapped around, with the higher out- J

formed the end of the web 1 at the left end of the sleeve 3 |

is attached, while the weaker second \

End of the spiral ridge 1 to the right outside as i

Pulling element 4 protrudes. If the pulling element 4 is pulled, lift

so the web is directed, the spiral around the sleeve 3 f is wound, and there is again a clamping · occurs.

Embodiments described in more detail in the description are also shown in FIGS. 2i, k. So shows z. B. '■ -, Figure 2k the use of an expansion element according to ■ Figure lh.

Figure 3 shows a longitudinal section through an execution | form of a sleeve 33. It can be seen, that as a wedge I trained expansion element 47 divided in the radial direction §

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is. In the outer region of the cutting edges 66 of each wedge 47 there is a respective leg of the U-shaped tension element. 43 attached, each leg of the U-shaped tension element 43 being guided in outer longitudinal grooves 67 of the sleeve 33. An arrangement as shown in FIG. 4 then results in the side view. If a pull to the right is now exerted on the U-shaped tension element 43, as shown in FIG. 5, the expansion element 47 is thereby drawn axially into the sleeve 33, so that the ends of the sleeve, as shown in FIG. 5, spread open. The sleeve 33 is hereby securely wedged in an associated borehole. A co-rotation of the sleeve 33 with a fastening means to be used, thus for example with a einzu- ι ^'1-setting screw is reliably prevented. j

In FIGS. 6 to 8, an embodiment according to FIG. 2a is shown enlarged. Here, FIG. 6 shows a | Longitudinal section, FIG. 7 a side view and FIG. 8 a longitudinal section like FIG. 6, but after actuation of the associated pulling element. The sleeve 31 again has longitudinal grooves 67 in which the legs of the U-shaped tension element 43 are guided, these legs of the U-shaped tension element 43 having the expansion elements 45 at their free ends. Actuation of the U-shaped tension element effects a spreading of the I spreading elements 45, as shown in FIG. 8 As a result, the sleeve 31 is again wedged securely in the associated bore.

FIG. 9 shows a modification of the U-shaped tension element 43 with molded expansion elements 48, for example according to the embodiment according to FIG. 2d.

A further embodiment is sketched in FIGS. 10 and 11. Instead of the flat wedge, a sleeve 56 is inserted expanding element 54 designed as a cone is used,

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whose cone tip is connected to a centrally arranged tension element 57. The sleeve 56 has a corresponding conically shaped, centrally running receiving opening 55. Now becomes the conically shaped expansion element 54 by actuating the centrally located pull! Mentes pulled to the right, the

individual segments of the sleeve 56 spread radially outward and thus in turn the sleeve 56 in the associated borehole clamped.

Figures' 12 and 13 show a dowel approximately after

j embodiment of Figure 2f, used in a not

specified borehole. Here, too, is the function

ι easy to recognize. A pull on the pulling element 43 causes

that the expansion elements want to move radially outward over the associated inclined surfaces and thus a Bring the dowel tight in the borehole.

Another variant is shown in FIGS. Here, too, is in the end area of the sleeve

; opposite arrangement each one expansion element,

: similar to that of Figure la, provided. Each of these

[The expansion element is in turn with a tension element 43

connected and a pull on the pulling element 43 in turn causes the spreading elements to slide onto the recognizable ones inclined planes and thus causes a radially outward movement of these expansion elements, whereby the Sleeve is clamped again in the associated borehole.

Another modification is shown in FIG. To

FIG. 16 does not show the outer areas of FIG

j designated sleeve gensierte grooves or surfaces on and

Balls or rollers 58, which are connected to the U-shaped tension element 43, are used as expansion elements. Will A train to the right via the U-shaped tension element 43 exercised, the balls or rollers 58 slide on the

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slightly inclined plane along the sleeve surface and

X move radially outwards at the same time, see above

ρ that in turn the sleeve in the assigned, not closer

designated hole, is clamped and thus secured against rotation.

According to an embodiment according to Figures 17 and 18 is a part of the sleeve 13 itself has been used as an axially displaceable element 19. The sleeve 13 is in the rear Area, so to speak along the inclined plane 17,

; i has been cut off and it is the resultant

. # axially displaceable element 19 with a tension element 21 and

fe this has been equipped with a handle 24. Here-

. through can the axially displaceable element 19 along the

inclined plane 17 shifted and thus moved radially outward, which in turn the sleeve 13 in the assigned hole is clamped against rotation.

Here, the angle that the inclined plane 17 forms with the central axis 15 of the sleeve 13, be smaller than the self-locking angle.

FIG. 19 shows a reversal of the previous proposed solutions. In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 19, the axially displaceable element no longer has, but the sleeve 27, for example, a U-shaped tension element 30, so that the sleeve 27 can be axially displaced with this U-shaped tension element 30. At the front right end, i.e. at the end of the sleeve 27 facing away from the borehole end, the sleeve 27 has inclined surfaces 28 and 29, for example in an opposing arrangement, on which axially displaceable elements 25 and 26, respectively, rest with correspondingly inclined surfaces. Will be ( 'ie sleeve 27 with the _(| axially shiftable elements 25 and 26 into a borehole

inserted, it is only necessary to attach the axially displaceable elements 25 and 26 to the borehole opening to be held in its axial position and by means of the

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Pulling element 30, the sleeve 27 axially out of the bore pull out j until over the inclined surfaces 28 And 29 axially held in their axial position displaceable elements 25 and 26 have been displaced radially outward to such an extent that the sleeve 27 again is clamped against rotation in the associated borehole.

In Figure 20 is a possible use of the innovation ^ according to the anchor in the design for example shown in Figure 2a. It can be seen here that the dowel is not can only be used as an insert for a drill hole completely surrounding the dowel, but that the dowel is in this design can also be used as a means for fastening in thin walls. It is only for this purpose necessary to let the entire dowel with the sleeve 31 at the front flush with the wall 69 and now over the U-shaped tension element 43 to pull the Spreizelmente 45 forward so far that the wedges in the hole in the wall 69 and thus wedge the sleeve 31 there again and secure it against rotation. The screwing in a fastener, for example a screw, now causes a clear in this arrangement Spreading open the unsupported rear area of the dowel, so that this together with the spreading elements 45, which wedge the dowel in the borehole of the wall 69, hold the fastener securely in the borehole of the wall 69.

FIG. 21 shows, in a somewhat enlarged representation, a dowel like FIG. 2e. The expansion elements 4S are here in the Inside the sleeve 35 relocated, which has corresponding inclined planes 41 to by means of the tension element 44 initiated axial movement of the expansion elements 49 to move them radially up to mutual contact and then in reverse movement the body of the sleeve

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35 at least partially expand radially so that it is again securely clamped in the associated bore.

FIG. 22 again shows, in an enlarged representation, a dowel, for example in the embodiment according to FIG. 2d. FIG. 23 shows the end face of this and thereby reveals the cross-sectional shape of the expansion elements 48, the approximately have the shape of Figure Ib.

Figures 24a-c shows different embodiments of tension elements. For example, the pulling element 51 Bent into a U-shape so that an eyelet 59 is created as a handle in the arch. The leg ends 52 and 53 of the U-shaped Tension element 51 can be connected to suitable expansion elements or axially displaceable elements be, or it is also conceivable to attach one of the two leg ends to a sleeve and only that equip the other end of the leg with an expansion element.

The embodiment according to FIG. 24b shows a: tension element 57, which is preferably used in a central arrangement. The free-standing end of the tension element 57 is here it is advantageously equipped with a handle 61. But it is also according to the embodiment possible according to Figure 24c, the centrally arranged tension element 57 at its free end with an eyelet 60 as a handle equip.

It can also be advantageous if, for example a tension element 43 is connected to a spreading element 45 such that at the transition between tension element 43 and Spreading element 45 - as FIG. 25 shows - a predetermined breaking point 62 is provided. The expansion element 45 can then with a maximum force that of the predetermined breaking point 62 is limited, can be pulled into an existing gap for wedging and it can then be

- 29 -

for example, by deliberately exceeding this force on the tension element 43, this tension element 43 over "the predetermined breaking point 62 to be torn off from the expansion element 45. The assigned sleeve is then also assigned The borehole is securely wedged and the previously necessary tension element can be removed and no longer prevents.

However, as FIG. 26 shows, a tension element 63 can also be used in addition to the predetermined breaking point 62 or alternatively be formed on its legs so that they have guided parts 64 with a projection 65, which is a The respective leg can be pushed backwards so that the jamming that has occurred can also be released again if necessary can be used to readjust the dowel.

Another embodiment is shown in FIG. According to Figure 27 is a sleeve 11 with a associated axially displaceable element 7 inserted into a bore wall 5 and it is the axially displaceable Element 7 already shifted so far that its radially directed surface 6 on the bore wall to Plant is coming. Here, the surface 6 of the axially displaceable surface that comes to rest on the bore wall 5 Element 7 has a profile 8, which better engagement of the axially displaceable element 7 on the Bore wall 5 guaranteed.

Since the radial movement of the axially displaceable element 7 by an AxiaJ.bewegung this element along a inclined plane takes place in mutual contact of the counter surface 9 and 10, these counter surfaces 9 and 10 have a interlocking teeth 12, with which it is achieved that the axially displaceable element 7 a once Reached axial and radial position is safely retained, even if the inclination of the opposing surfaces 9 and 10 is greater

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than is the self-locking angle.

Further variants are shown in FIGS. 28 to 31. The Bäüförm according to the · Figures 28 and 29 with a cross-shaped expansion anchor 71 (see also FIG. 1h) is particularly suitable for use in soft Building materials. By means of a ring on the centrally arranged tension element 57, the expansion anchor is secured by appropriate Ar. Position on the sleeve 72. Spread and something like this penetrates the soft or porous building material, which prevents the sleeve 72 from twisting via the cross slots will.

Figures 30, 31 show a modification of the embodiments, e.g. B. according to Figure 6 or 8. The expansion elements are connected to one another at their ends via a sufficiently long connecting web 70 and thus form with one another the tension element a closed ring. In this form they are good as additional equipment for conventional dowels usable. In this form, however, they can also be connected to the sleeve 31 and form particularly well with this a manageable unit.

The basic idea of the innovation, regardless of all the exemplary embodiments, is the sleeve of a dowel body to equip with an axially displaceable element for wedging the sleeve body in an associated bore, it is intended that this axially displaceable element can be actuated from the outside by means of a pulling element. It should through this can be achieved that the jamming of the anchor body in the associated hole no longer by a first Touching the fastener to be used is effected, but before inserting the fastener is already ensured. The previously known dowel bodies, which have an axially displaceable expansion element, are constructed in such a way that this axially displaceable expansion element is separated from the fastening means to be used

• * as * · · Ί ·

IB fill

- 31 -

is axially displaced, for which purpose the fastening means must perform a screwing movement. But this succeeds in As a rule, not because the frictional resistance that arises during the screwing movement is already the expansion element and the sleeve of the DUbel body rotates round in the associated borehole. As a result, the expansion element can be its actual No longer fulfilling the function.

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- 32 -

List of the reference symbols used

1 spiral bar

2 exterior surface

3 sleeve

4 tension element

5 hole wall

6 surface

7 axially displaceable element

8 Profiling

9 counter surface

10 mating surface

11 'sleeve

12 toothing

13 sleeve

14 sleeve

15 central axis

16 central axis

17 inclined plane

18 inclined plane

19 axially displaceable element

20 -axially displaceable element

21 tension element

22 tension element

23 eyelet

24 handle

25 axially displaceable element

26 axially displaceable element

27 sleeve

28 inclined surface

29 inclined surface

30 tension element

31 sleeve

Il I " 11 · ·· · ·

- 33 -

32 sleeve

33 sleeve

34 sleeve

35 sleeve

36 sleeve

37 inclined plane

38 inclined plane

39 inclined plane

40 inclined plane

41 inclined plane

42 inclined plane

43 tension element

44 tension element

45 expansion element

46 expansion element

47 expansion element

48 expansion element

49 Spreizeierm 'nt

50 expansion element

51 U-shaped tension element

52 end of leg

53 end of leg

54 expansion element

55 centrally running receptacle opening

56 sleeve

57 centrally arranged tension element

58 expansion element

59 'eyelet

60 eyelets

61 handle

62 predetermined breaking point

63 tension element

64 guided part

65 approach

66 cutting edge

67 longitudinal grooves (outer)

i * * «I ti ·· ··» * li> t 4 ti «·» ti t »· * I

Ii «11j! ·

- 34 -

68 increased leg web height

69 wall

70 connecting bridge

71 cross-shaped expansion anchor

72 sleeve

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t ·· i * 4 Ii * I tt

ii ii i <I 51 i illt

• ··! ·· I · Ii ti 4 I

i. I i i «llil« ·

Claims (1)

PATENT ADVERTISER MANFRED UERI ^ ANN ¹ : '· ■' EUROPEAN PATENT ATTORNEY APPROVED REPRESENTATIVE AT THE EUROPEAN PATENT OFFICE Düren - Josef-Schregel-Strasse 19 Patent attorney M. Liermann, Josef-Schregel-Str. 19, D-5160 Düren Rub in to the German Patent Office Zweibrückenstrasse 8000 Munich 2 Telephone (0 2421) 17446 Telegrams: Lierpalent Düren Postal check Cologne 305715-500 (BLZ 370100 50) Deutsche Bank AG Düren 811 0959 (BLZ 395 700 61) Deutsche Bank AG Erkelenz 774 0400 (BLZ 310 700 01) your signs Your message My characters (209) Düren July 11, 1984 PATTERN REGISTRATION Applicant: Dipl.-Ing. Jürgen Meyer Zehnthofweg 5100 Aachen '· Title: "Dowel" Protection claims: 1. Dowel with an axially displaceable element for wedging the dowel in an associated hole and a sleeve for receiving a fastening means, characterized in that for relative displacement, of axially displaceable element and sleeve with a pulling element which is guided outwards to the front Eyelet or handle is provided. 2. Dowel according to claim 1, characterized in that the tension element has a predetermined breaking point (62, Figure 25) has, for the separation of the tension element, after Positioning of the axially displaceable element. .; 3. Dowel according to at least one of claims 1 and 2 f characterized in that the tension element is at least partially in the sleeve in a longitudinal channel; , the sleeve. 4. Dowel according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that at least the guided Part (64, Figure 26) an accessible from the front outside \ bar approach (65) to the axially displaceable bare element from its clamping position back into '; To push back the starting position. 5. Dowel according to at least one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the tension element (44) as U-shaped loop is formed, the two legs of which are approximately along the inner wall of the sleeve out and are connected at their ends to the axially displaceable element. 6. Device according to at least one of claims 1 up to 5 characterized in that the tension element (43,51,63) is designed as a U-shaped loop, its two legs axially guided approximately along the outer wall of the sleeve and with their ends are connected to an axially displaceable element. 7. Dowel at least according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that for receiving the two legs a longitudinal groove is provided in the wall of the sleeve. I '. 8. Dowel according to at least one of claims 1 to 7 characterized in that _(that the tension element (57) • · a 1 · · runs approximately centrally in the sleeve (56). 9. Dowel according to at least one of claims ί to 8 characterized in that - that at the transition from the axially displaceable element (45) to the tension element (43, Figure 25) a predetermined breaking point (62) is provided. 10. Dowel according to at least one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the axially displaceable Element is designed as a flat wedge (47, Figure 2c; Figure 3-5) which is marked on its cutting edge (66) with ' the tension element (43) is connected. | 11. Dowel at least according to claim 10, characterized in that. the flat wedge in the borehole side End region of the sleeve (33) is inserted, which is divided lengthways accordingly over a suitable region is. 12. Dowel at least according to claim 10 or II thereby characterized in that half the wedge angle of the flat wedge (47) is smaller than the self-locking angle. 13. ' Dowel according to at least one of Claims 1 to 12 characterized in that the ends of the U-shaped tension element are wedge-shaped radially inwards or inwards thickened on the outside (Figures la, c) are designed (Figures 6-9, 12, 20, 25, 30, 31). 14. dowel according to at least one of claims 1 to 13 characterized in that the U-shaped tension element (43) -with its legs in on the outer surface the sleeve (33) extending longitudinal grooves (67), with each end of the legs with connected to an associated expansion element (47) - 4 is. 15. Dowel according to at least one of claims 1 to 14 characterized in that the expansion element (Figure la, c) by a radial and at least after inwardly directed thickening of at least one leg end is formed. 16. Dowel at least according to claim 15, characterized in that as a counter surface, for the expansion element the outer surface of the tapered end portion of the sleeve is used. 17. Dowel at least according to claim 15 and 16, characterized in that the at least radially inwardly directed thickening by increasing the leg web height (68, Figure la) of the U-shaped Tension element (43) is formed. 18. Dowel according to at least one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the expansion element (54,58) is approximately spherical (58) or conical spindle-shaped (54) (Figures Id, e; Figures 10,11,16). 19. Dowel at least according to claim 18, characterized in that the expansion element (54) is central and in a centrally running receiving opening (55) of the sleeve (56) is inserted and with a centrally ; arranged tension element (57) is connected. 20. Dowel at least according to claim 19, characterized in that the expansion element is a cross wedge (Figure Ig) and is inserted from the rear into the sleeve with the tip pointing forward. 2ii dowel according to at least one of claims 1 to 20 characterized in that the U-shaped tension element (51) with one leg end (52) on the sleeve and with the other leg end (53) on one Spreading element is attached. 22. Dowel according to at least one of claims 1 to 21 characterized in that the outer or inner surface of the sleeve (31-36) at least regionally has at least one plane (37-42) inclined to the longitudinal axis, on each of which one with a The expansion element (45-50) connected to the tension element (43,44) is in contact with a correspondingly inclined surface, wherein the inclined plane of the outer surface (37,38,40,42) to the longitudinal axis in the direction of the sleeve end converges and the inclined plane of the inner surface (39,41) to the longitudinal axis in the direction of the sleeve end diverges. 23. Dowel at least according to the generic term of claim 1, characterized in that at least an axially displaceable element (25, 26) is arranged on the outside and in the front region of the sleeve (27) and cooperates with an inclined surface (28,29) converging towards the front end, wherein the sleeve (27) has a pulling element (30) with an eyelet or handle, which is guided outwards to the front having. 24. Dowel according to at least one of claims 1 to 23, characterized in that the sleeve (13, 14) is longitudinally divided along a plane (17, 18) inclined to the central axis (15, 16), the axial displaceable element (19,20) forming half with a pulling element (21,22) guided to the front and outside is equipped with an eyelet (23) or handle (24). 25. Dowel according to at least one of claims 1 to 24 characterized in that the adjacent mating surfaces (9, 10) of the axially displaceable element (7) and sleeve (Ii) are formed with intermeshing teeth (12). 26. Dowel according to at least one of claims 1 to 25, characterized in »that at least the on the Bore wall (5) coming into contact with the surface (6) of the axially displaceable element (7) a profile (8). 27. Dowel according to at least one of claims 1 to 26, characterized in that the axially displaceable Element arranged as a spindle-shaped web (1) displaceably on the outer surface (2) of the sleeve (3) is, wherein the rear end of the spiral-shaped web (1) is connected to the sleeve (3) and the front end of the spiral-shaped web (1) as a pulling element (4) with an eyelet or an outwardly guided to the front Handle is formed. 28.. Dowel at least according to claim 13 characterized shows that the thickened ends (Figures 30,31) by means of a sufficiently long connecting web Sleeve (31) are connected. ■ · * (70) at the end sides with each other and / or with the |! 29. Dowel · at least one of claims 1 to 28 ; ^; characterized in that the expansion element as % cross-shaped locking anchor (71) is formed and with a centrally arranged tension element (57) is connected and is inserted into a cross slot at the end of the sleeve (72), the expansion surface work together with appropriately inclined surfaces at the bottom of the cross recess.