DE828610C - Electrical computing device, preferably for punch card machines - Google Patents

Description

Electrical computing device, preferably for punch card machines In computing devices it is very common to use the digits to be introduced by motion quantities of mechanical elements and the results obtained by the to reproduce different setting positions of mechanical elements. So z. B. in calculating machines in general the values to be introduced by the movement reproduced by counting wheels, their movement by the size of the key stroke or, by the setting of button-controlled stop links is determined. Even in electrical computing devices that are either only motor-driven or with in which the calculated quantities are determined by electrical values, is in general the calculation process is determined by the composition of mechanical movement processes. Even with punched card machines, regardless of whether they are mechanical or electrical Punch card machines are involved, the value is indicated in the counters by the rotary movement the wheels determined, and the item reproduced on the punch card is through the position of the hole is determined physically, so to speak. Forms in the evaluation the distance of the hole from the edge of the card is a measure of the size of the numbers that are displayed on the calculator is transmitted.

In contrast, the object of the invention is to provide a computing device to create in which the arithmetic process itself takes place in a purely electrical manner, d. H. the individual items or the set result and the new item will be brought together purely electrically and give the new result as an electrical quantity: According to the invention, this purely electrical calculation proceeds as follows: that the introduction mechanism converts the item to be introduced into a current intensity which corresponds to the count value of the relevant value point shows that the result setting is also in a current strength representing the same is implemented and that from the old one Result and the current strength resulting from the new item to be introduced the result work sets in accordance with the new result amperage. The aggregation takes place in the usual way for each value point, d. H. with the decimal number system becomes one decimal place of the old result with the assigned decimal place of the new item added up, but, as it corresponds to the essence of the invention, just add the current strengths of the result and the item and the new one Result current strength adjusts the result mechanism according to the result: The invention is therefore a complete departure from the purely mechanical Calculation process. Rather, as mentioned, the calculation process is converted into electrical values dissolved, and the electrical result value readjusts the result.

However, it is now known per se, different amperages to use to control movement or arithmetic processes. With none of these : known suggestions will, however, be a result setting in a result stream implemented, even less the old result stream can be added to the item stream and from this a new stream of results will be formed, which will restore the work of results adjusts accordingly. Rather, it is the known proposals just about using the different currents as a substitute for the setting Different sized mechanical adjustment paths are used, which in turn are a measure of represent the figures to be offset.

The addition of electrical currents per se is of course also known, in the simplest embodiment, for example, in electricity meters. With these, however, a further adjustment is only made by the newly added current of the display organ causes. In addition, such meters cannot meet the accuracy requirements are sufficient that are placed on calculating machines, whereas the electrical calculation principle according to the invention such requirements fully meet. That is not based Finally, on the fact that the invention enables the individual values to be in the decimal system, so to be reproduced and offset by decimal places. the Embodiment according to the invention also makes it possible to be absolutely precise in units to calculate and not only to take these units precisely from the result set, but also the exact result after electrical addition of the item again in to adjust the result work.

A preferred embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawings illustrated.

Fig. I shows a front view of the result work, which by the different Setting of lockable chopsticks reflects the value setting and the .der For the sake of simplicity, it can be referred to as a stick counter, although the counting process even done purely electrically; Fig. Z shows a section through the result set according to Figure i and a side view of the electrical adjustment device; Fig. 3 Fig. 3 is a top plan view of the electric stick counter adjuster; Fig. Q. is a section through the writing device not further illustrated in detail for printed reproduction of the result set in the stick counter.

Fig. 5 shows the key that is used with the punch cards comes, which control the computing device in the embodiment; Fig.6 is an embodiment of a translator relay; as in the translation direction is used to add the currents; Fig.7 shows the circuit diagram of a Working coil of a translation relay in its interconnection with the sensing brushes the punch cards and the contacts controlled by the meter sticks.

Fig. 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d and 8e are to be placed one below the other and joined together. They show the entire circuit diagram of the machine.

Before the tabulating machine designed as a punched card controlled Embodiment of the invention will be explained in detail, should first be general Their mode of action will be outlined.

The result set consists of a number of stick counters, each of which has lockable meter sticks that are locked by their locking determine the value.

The punch card is scanned in columns one after the other, and starting from the column with the lowest significance. The feeling result is determined by the partial values of the individual holes (additive hole combination system) certainly. .The arrangement is made such that each hole combination has one of their Meaning according to the strength of different current triggers. This stream is fed into a current adder from the sensing brushes, but takes the current @ strength adder also sends a current from the assigned value point at the same time of the stick counter. The two currents add up in the current adder, and the result stream gives rise to a different one corresponding to its meaning Readjustment of the respective chopstick counter. It must of course also for the possibility of a carryover of ten precautions must be taken, what will happen as a result, that when the relative current value io is exceeded, the relevant bar counter only adjusted to the excess over io and the chopsticks counter next higher value is set one unit higher.

The setting device, which is movable transversely to the counter positions, feels when the total is drawn the individual chopsticks counters one after the other, and accordingly the sensing result becomes typewriter-like, which is also movable along the paper web trained printing unit controlled. Resulting work Every stick counter position exists from rods i i (Fig. 2), which sit on a common plate 15 as a carrier, which makes it possible to replace the individual stick counters to accommodate in a frame. In this way, counters can be different Capacity can be compiled by checking the individual chopsticks under the appropriate Gaps are used in groups in the frame.

The value setting of the individual sticks is done by everyone Chopsticks counters place a shared carriage that gradually slides over the chopsticks and arrange for them to be discontinued. Through the provided on the underside of the trolley Contacts takes place the sensing of the set meter stick while at the same time a new stick counter setting electromechanically from above takes place below Use of the old value setting for a new value formation, after which the new value setting the trolley can be switched to the next decimal place.

In the case of the counter setting device shown in the drawing and description the counter sticks are set combinatorially. The representation of the digits o to 9 takes place in accordance with the socket wrench shown in Fig. 5, where each number consists of one or more holes of the basic values I, II, III, IV composed.

The four counter sticks embodying the result setting are denoted by i i (Figs. i and 2). The corresponding four metering point positions of the Combination keys are marked with the corresponding indices I, II, III, IV. The 5th counter stick with the index Z is used to carry over tens.

The counter sticks ii are under the influence of springs i2, which on the one hand lie against a nose 13 of the sticks and on the other hand a loose U-shaped rail 14, which extends over all the counter sticks, serves as a counter bearing -A circuit board is used to summarize all parts of the stick counter 15 is provided, the angle piece 16 of which is used to guide the rods and whose hook-shaped lugs 17 receive the rail 14, the position of which is secured by positioning pins 18. The rail 14 serves not only as a counter-support for the springs 12, whereby it is pressed against the lugs 17, but at the same time also serves as a further guide for the meter rod ii. As a result of the now loosely inserted rail 14, the chopsticks can be easily removed by lifting the rail 14. A locking rail i9, which is mounted longitudinally displaceably between guide pins 20, is constantly pushed to the right (FIG. 2) by a leaf spring 21 for the purpose of determining the set counter sticks ii. The counter sticks are locked immediately after they have been pressed with their specially shaped lugs 23 through the longitudinal slots 22 of the locking rail. The individual rods counter places may conveniently in a frame 24 to result plants of different capacity are connected together, as i shown for example in Fig. By the result stations A, B, C, D. The bars of the frames 24 are provided with slots to accommodate the stick counter plates, and resilient pawls 26 serve to fix the stick counter plates inserted up to a stop bar 25. In this way, the handy and convenient interchangeability of the individual stick counter units is achieved.

The carriage 27 sliding over the stick counters is driven by rollers guided on the frame 24 and is designed so that he the latter on the one Page includes. On the underside of the carriage 27 has a rack 28; with meshes with a gear 29, the drive of which is via a step-by-step mechanism known per se he follows. To adjust the meter sticks i i, the carriage has 27 electromagnets M, which we with their armature levers 31 on spring-loaded adjustment pins 32. ken, in turn, when the magnets M are excited, the setting of the counter sticks i i make. In addition to this electromechanical setting, the car also has contacts Ka, which are arranged so that they come to lie below the counter sticks. A total of four contacts Ka and one contact Ka are provided. The contacts Ka are used to sense the actual counter sticks that represent the counter value i i, while the contact Kz is sensing the Z transfer rod. Because the ten transfer stick is assigned to the next higher one on each board, is the contact Ka set back by one computing point compared to the other contacts Ka in the Way that he sensed at the same time with the sensing of the value place assigned to him will. The contacts Ka are set in their lower position when they are sensed Counter sticks closed.

The counter sticks are set to a new value using the current adder to be described, which adds the new item to that of adds sensed old value to contacts Ka. That in the amperage adder newly formed result is forwarded to the setting magnets M of the trolley; which make the new value setting of the counter sticks from above, whereby at the same time, the old value is deleted by moving the locking bar i9 takes place.

Writing mechanism The writing mechanism for reproducing the result. is shown schematically in FIG. The writing carriage 40 runs by means of the rollers 41 and 42 on the cross members 43 and 44. During this transverse movement, which in the exemplary embodiment is assumed to only take place during the total printing, its control magnets 50 are monitored by the contacts Ka, which are pressed down on the Counter sticks slide by and be steered. The counter sticks set in different combinations control a translator, which in turn selects one of ten lines in a known manner that lead to one of the ten writing magnets 5o. Each writing magnet 50 is designed as a solenoid which, when excited, pulls the core 49 inward against the action of a spring and thereby brings the associated type lever 46 to a stop against the ink ribbon 55 or the platen 45 via an articulated connection 48, 47. In this way, the result set in the stick counter is written. Various devices are also provided for the transverse movement of the carriage, which need not be discussed here, however, since they do not affect the subject matter of the invention in any more detail.

Current adder The current adder, the, associated with Auxiliary relay and contacts, including a back translator, is from Fig.8b up to 8d.

Figure 7 illustrates a single coil of the current adder in their interconnection with the sensing contacts of the stick counter and the sensing brushes the punch cards.

The amperage adder (Fig. 8a to 8e) consists of nineteen relays LR 5, ZR 15, LR 25, ZR 35, LR 45, LR 55, LR65, LR75, LR85, LR95, LR io5, LR arranged in a row ii 5, LRi 25, ZR 135, LR 145, ZR 155, LR 1 65, LR 1 75, ZR 185, and a further nineteen relays arranged in a row RR 15, RR25, RR35, RR45, RR55, RR65, RR 75, RR 85, RR 95, RR io5, RR 115, RR 125, RR 135, RR 145, RR 155, RR 165, RR 175, RR 185, RR 195. Each relay has a working coil T on which the in Fig. 7 illustrated windings are applied. The work coil T consists of four windings Wz 4 connected in parallel that are connected to the contact Ka IV, three windings connected in parallel that are connected to the contact Ka III, two windings connected in parallel Wz 2 that are connected to the contact Ka II , and a winding Wz i, which is connected to the contact Ka I; furthermore four or three or two or one winding Wa, which are connected in the same way to the brushes B, the groups again being connected in parallel with one another. Finally, the contact Kz of the stick counter for the tens transfer is connected to another winding Waz of the work coil.

The parallel connection of the windings results in the sensing the contacts or the holes in the card through the brush a different Amperage. If a position IV of rod contact is sensed, it is as a result of the four resistors connected in parallel, which are all the same size under each other are, in the assigned line a four times as strong a current as in the Line assigned to position I, in which there is only a single, equally large resistance is located.

From the rod contacts Ka and the brushes B, the lines lead, as described above, into the work coil T of the relay ZR 185, from there via all equivalent work coils T of the LR series to the LR 5; From this left row of relays, the lines lead via the work coil T of the relay RR 15 of the right row to the relay RR 195, and from there via the lines B i and K 3 to the main line zoo of the power source.

While all relays of the series LR 185 to ZR 5 and RR 15 to RR 195 have the same working coils T, the holding coils P are dimensioned differently. They are also connected in series, but are graduated in their number of turns, as can be seen from the ratios drawn on the relay coils in FIGS. 8b to 8d. It can be seen that the ratios from 185 to 5 or 195 to 15 are only ever graduated by ten units. This gradation, combined with the reverse arrangement of the relay contacts and the staggered arrangement of the two rows of relays to one another, ensures that a certain current strength, regardless of whether it comes from the brushes or from the rod contacts or from the summation of both, only certain one Line path between the line L 300 via a contact U, the line h, the contact W, the line Z to the return line Zoo closes.

For example, if a current flows through the work coils T of the relative current of six units, this current becomes the effect the holding coils P with the ratio 65 and greater cannot cancel, however this current will overcome all holding windings with the ratio 55 and smaller and toggle the associated contact. So it arises when the cam contact N 2 closes the circuit during a machine game that is caused by this amperage only one way via the closed contact U 55, line V 6, contact W 65 and line Z 6 is selected.

In a similar manner, each other current intensity selects a line Z i to Z i9 assigned to it in accordance with the ratio. The lines Z i to Z i9 are bundled in a cable Z and are then distributed again to the auxiliary relays r i to r i9, in such a way that the contact W 15 is connected to the auxiliary relay r i by the line Z i the contact W25 through the line Z 2 with r 2 and so on, until the contact W 195 is connected to the auxiliary relay r i9 via the line Z i9. If such a line is selected as a result of a current strength obtained from the punch card or from the meter stick or through result formation, the associated auxiliary relay is energized, which initially forms a holding circuit by closing its associated contact rk i to rk i9, which through at the end of the work cycle the cam N 3 is interrupted again. However, contacts so, s I, s 11, s 11I, s IV are assigned to each of the relays ri to r i9 in different combinations. l) the contact corresponds to the tens contact, while the rest of the contact arrangement is made according to the same combination key, as corresponds to the perforation according to FIG. The contacts so, s I, s 1I, s III and s IV are connected in parallel to each other for each position and connected by lines M i to the setting magnets M for the counter bars. It follows from the fact that the result current, which excites one of the relays r i to r i9, via the associated contact combination so to s IV causes the setting of the counting rods when the cam contact N, 4 receives an impulse during a machine game sends.

The Sc'haltbil'd shows that the contact combination for the relays r i to r 9 and for the relays r i to r i9 in positions I, 1I, I11, IV is the same. In the case of the relays r io to r i9, however, the tens contact is also added, which in turn acts on the tens magnet MZ. This tens magnet places the tens stick on the same plate as the other sticks at this point, but this tens stick actually belongs to the next higher plate. To achieve a staggered effect, des'lialb is the ten stick. Sensing contact KZ shifted by one place. Zero shutdown According to the key shown in Fig. 5, the number o is composed of all four basic values 1, 1I, III and IV. In order to avoid that if an o is perforated in the card to be sensed, that is to say that all four basic values are perforated, the four brush pulses are fed to the translator relay R 105 and an io is added, a zero cutoff is built in.

If all four sensing brushes B close during a machine game through the four perforated basic values of the card LK via the contact roller i io the sensing circuit, the four zero relays NR i to NR 4 are excited and hold themselves via the line 200, their now closed contacts HK, line 400, cam contact N i, card lever contact, line ioo. By energizing all four zero relays NR i to NR 4, the associated zero contacts NK i, NK 2, NK 3, NK 4 and the four switch-off contacts BK are opened, so that if the connection contacts AK are now closed by the cam N 6, no sensing pulse can be passed on to the converter relay via lines B. If a number i to 9 is punched according to the hole key; so that one, two, three or four partial values are loaded in one place, the zero relays NR assigned to the sensing brushes are energized. Since, however, at least one zero relay remains in its rest position except in the case of zero holes, the power supply to the contact roller i io is maintained via one of the contacts NK i to NK 4 connected in parallel.

Overall mode of operation of the arrangement The punch card LK is passed under the brushes B in columns, at the same time the carriage 27 (FIG. I) provided with the setting magnet M moves step by step over the stick counters. The corresponding line Z is selected by the current adder for each value point, specifically those lines for the first card which correspond to the hole value of the card in each value point. As a result, the associated relays r are energized, the contacts s set up in the same combination, and when the cam N 4 is closed, the magnets M set the counter sticks in the same way, so that the first setting of the result mechanism is exactly the same The hole on the first card.

After the first card has passed through, the car moves back into its starting position and leads again when sensing the next card a transverse run. In doing so, however, are set by the first card Meter stick closed the associated contacts Ka, and it flows into the im Corresponding current through the current adder. At the same time, however, a current also flows through the line from the sensing brushes B i to the current adder corresponding to the value of the sensed character. The effects of the two currents in the work coils T therefore add up.

Since at most the two digits 9 and 9 have to be added, this results in a relative current strength of eighteen units. In addition, a unit can be added by the transfer of tens, so that the maximum current strength can be nineteen current units. Accordingly, one of the Re maize r i to r i9 is energized. If the result is io or greater, it is broken down into a unit of ten and the corresponding units of units. The result established by the closed contacts so up to s IV is transferred by the adjusting magnets M of the carriage to the sticks of the respective stick counter, whereby the tens contact only adjusts the tens stick; which is then sensed when the next higher point is sensed.

In a corresponding way 'is added digit by digit. Always there starting from the lowest digit one digit after the other is added, and the tens carry always acts on the next higher digit, can be seen that after Completion of an adding process no ten stick at all more can be set, because if there is still a ten stick in the highest point is set, the contact Kz in transformed into an i of the next higher counter digit.

Since the set chopstick counters correctly reflect the sum of all items sensed after each addition, the total can also be easily copied from the chopstick counters. For this purpose, the contacts UK are switched to the lines Ka. The latter lead to a translator, not shown, known per se, which, by selecting one of ten lines, makes one of the associated writing mechanism magnets 50 (FIG. 4) respond and thereby hits the corresponding type. The result in the result work can thus be written down. Since the reproduction of the result and the writing arrangement are not part of the essence of the invention, they are only hinted at as far as is necessary to make the possibility of the written reproduction of the result set in the result work understandable.

Claims (7)

PATENT CLAIMS: i. Electric arithmetic unit with a setting device reflecting the result and an arrangement for introducing the items into the result unit, characterized in that the infeed unit converts the item to be introduced into a current that represents the count of the relevant value point, that the result setting is also converted into one which represents the same Amperage is converted, and that the amperage resulting from the old result and introduced items sets the result work again in accordance with the resultant amperage. 2. Computing device according to claim i, characterized marked that the aggregation is done by decimal places and that at a result stream assigned to the number io or a higher number, a tens transmission stream in the next higher decimal place, while in the lower decimal place a current becomes effective which corresponds to the difference between io and today's number. 3. Computing device according to claim i, characterized in that, for each decimal place a number of adjustment rods are provided, which in the locked position the Reproduce result setting and interact with a common locking bar, which holds the actuated adjusting rod locked when a new setting is made, on the other hand previously set releases from the locking position, and the setting rods in the set position also close contacts representing the result, with their participation the electromagnetic readjustment of the setting rods takes place from the one side by of the current adder according to claim i controlled electromagnets are set and at their other end the sensing contacts for the current adder control. 4. Computing device according to claim 3, characterized characterized in that four adjustment sticks to represent the four counting point positions formed partial values are provided, which for value setting in different Combinations can be made effective according to the additive principle. 5. Computing facility according to claim 4, characterized in that in addition to the four for counting value setting Serving chopsticks (ii) and an additional stick (Z) in the same counter unit is provided, which represents the ten transfer unit, but by one by one Position shifted contact (Kz) of the sensing device (27) for the amperage adder is sensed. 6. Computing device according to claim 5, characterized in that the sensing of the value setting and the readjustment of the counter sticks (ii) by a common carriage (27) to all counting stations, the one the Adjustment swab at its lower end sensing row of result contacts (Ka) and carries a ten contact (Kz) offset by one counter position and at the same time by electromagnetically moved adjustment pins (32) the adjustment displacement of the Counter rod (ii) causes. 7. Computing device according to claim i, characterized in that the same resistors (Wa) or (Wz) are parallel to one another in the work coils (T) of the current adder, which, depending on the desired current ratio, are combined in groups on the one hand to the sensing current circuits (B) of the sensing elements a punch card and on the other hand to the sensing contacts (Ka) for the meter sticks are connected. B. Computing device according to claim i for evaluating registration marks according to the additive principle, in which the ten basic numbers are represented within four marking positions, characterized in that two sets of ten parallel-connected windings of the same resistance are provided for the work coils (T) ', and that these' are grouped together in each sentence in such a way that current intensities in the ratio of i: 2: 3: 4 come into effect in the four marking points or the four counter sticks assigned to the sensing circuits. G. Computing device according to Claim 7, characterized in that a further winding (Wdz) is provided on the work coil, which is connected to the contact of the ten transfer rod (Kz). ok Computing device according to Claim 7, characterized in that the device acting as a current intensity adder has selector contacts which are under the influence of graduated holding windings and the influence of the resultant currents, the holding windings being relatively graduated in such a way that they produce a resultant current of the ratio values between i. monitor until i9.