DE822288C - Process for the removal of turbidity in lubricating oil refined products - Google Patents
Process for the removal of turbidity in lubricating oil refined productsInfo
- Publication number
- DE822288C DE822288C DENDAT822288D DE822288DC DE822288C DE 822288 C DE822288 C DE 822288C DE NDAT822288 D DENDAT822288 D DE NDAT822288D DE 822288D C DE822288D C DE 822288DC DE 822288 C DE822288 C DE 822288C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- lubricating oil
- raffinates
- turbidity
- removal
- refined products
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 title claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 4
- 238000005429 turbidity Methods 0.000 title 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000013871 bee wax Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012166 beeswax Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000036826 Excretion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000015450 Tilia cordata Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000029142 excretion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000001840 Dandruff Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 aliphatic alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005591 charge neutralization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010297 mechanical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006011 modification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001264 neutralization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M175/00—Working-up used lubricants to recover useful products ; Cleaning
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M159/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being of unknown or incompletely defined constitution
- C10M159/02—Natural products
- C10M159/08—Fatty oils
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/18—Natural waxes, e.g. ceresin, ozocerite, bees wax, carnauba; Degras
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/40—Fatty vegetable or animal oils
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2060/00—Chemical after-treatment of the constituents of the lubricating composition
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Description
In der Mineralölraffinationstechnik werden sowohl unmittelbar aus Roherdölen gewonnene Schmieröle als auch schon gebrauchte Schmieröle, sog. Altöle, mit Schwefelsäure, Kalk und Bleicherde behandelt. Eine derartige Behandlung kann sich auch an eine vorhergehende Raffination mit selektiven Lösungsmitteln anschließen.In mineral oil refining technology, both raw oils are obtained directly Lubricating oils as well as already used lubricating oils, so-called waste oils, with sulfuric acid, lime and fuller's earth treated. Such a treatment can also refer to a previous refining with Connect selective solvents.
Die unmittelbar aus Roherdölen gewonnenen, noch nicht gehrauchten Schmieröle werden im folgenden als Erstraffinate, die aus gebrauchten Schmierölen erhaltenen Raffinate als Zweitraffinate bezeichnet.The lubricating oils that have not yet been smoked, obtained directly from raw oils, are used in the the following as primary raffinates, the raffinates obtained from used lubricating oils as secondary raffinates designated.
Es kommt häufig vor, daß sich Erst- und Zweitraffinate nach einigem Stehen, besonders bei tieferen Temperaturen, durch Ausscheidung von unlöslichen Stoffen trüben. Diese Ausscheidungen l>estehen nach dem gegenwärtigen Stand der Erkenntnisse vorzugsweise aus Paraffinkohlenwasserstoffen. It often happens that the first and second refiners change after standing for a while, especially with lower temperatures, due to the excretion of insoluble Tarnish fabrics. According to the current state of knowledge, these excretions do not exist preferably from paraffin hydrocarbons.
Man kann annehmen, daß die ausgeschiedenen ao Paraffinkohlenwasserstoffe schon1 von vornherein in den Raffinaten enthalten sind und, daß durch die Einwirkung der Raffinationsimittel das Gleichgewicht zwischen diesen Paraffinkohlenwasserstoffen einerseits und den übrigen Bestandteilen der Raffinate andererseits gestört wird. Es ist denkbar, daß hierbei übersättigte Lösungen zustande kommen, aus denen sich nach tagelangem, häufig erst nach wochenlangem Stehen die erwähnten Trübungen abscheiden. Während die öle zunächst homogen getrübt sind, treten nach längerem Stehen helle Kristallschuppen auf, die in einer klarenOne can assume that the precipitated ao paraffin hydrocarbons are already contained 1 from the outset in the raffinates and that the balance between these paraffin hydrocarbons on the one hand and the remaining components on the other hand disturbed the raffinates by the action of Raffinationsimittel. It is conceivable that supersaturated solutions may arise from which the above-mentioned opacities separate out after standing for days, often only after weeks. While the oils are initially clouded homogeneously, after standing for a long time, light-colored crystal flakes appear, which become clear
Flüssigkeit schweben. Nach noch längerem Stehen können sich diese Schuppen allmählich zu Boden setzen und dort eine schleimige Schicht bilden.Float liquid. After standing for a long time, these scales can gradually fall to the ground and form a slimy layer there.
Alan hat schon versucht, den Trübungspunkt zu erniedrigen, vorhandene Trübungen zu beseitigen bzw. das Auftreten der Trübungen überhaupt zu unterbinden. Zu diesem Zweck sind andersartige Raffinationsweisen, ferner zusätzliche Filtrationen, Zentrifugieren, Niederreißen und andere mechanische Verfahren erprobt worden. Alle diese Versuche blieben ergebnislos, insbesondere deshalb, weil sie teilweise eine erhebliche, betrieblich nicht tragbare Wartezeit bis zur Schuppenbildung voraussetzen. Die üblichen großtechnischen Entparaffinierungsveriahren, z. B. Extraktion mit flüssigem Propan und anschließende Tieftemperaturfiltration sind zwar durchführbar, aber wegen der sehr geringen zu beseitigenden Paraffinmengen unwirtschaftlich. Alan has already tried the cloud point decrease, remove existing opacities or the occurrence of the opacities at all prevent. For this purpose, different types of refining, as well as additional filtrations, Centrifugation, tearing down, and other mechanical methods have been tried. All of these attempts remained inconclusive, in particular because they were partially substantial and operationally unsuccessful Assume an acceptable waiting time until dandruff is formed. The usual large-scale dewaxing procedures, z. B. Extraction with liquid propane and subsequent low temperature filtration are feasible, but uneconomical because of the very small amounts of paraffin to be removed.
ao Es ist schon vorgeschlagen worden, die Trübungen durch Zusatz von Ceresinen, d. h. durch Mischungen von Normal- und Isokohlenwasserstoffen, zu beseitigen. Dieses Verfahren hat aber in der Praxis, insbesondere bei Zweitraffinaten, häufig versagt.ao It has already been suggested that the opacities by adding ceresins, d. H. through mixtures of normal and isohydrocarbons, to eliminate. In practice, however, this method is often used, especially in the case of second refiners fails.
Es wurde nun gefunden, daß das Auftreten der Trübungen dadurch wesentlich vermindert bzw. ü1>erhaupt ganz unterbunden werden kann, daß in den Raffinaten bei erhöhter Temperatur, z. B. bei 700, sehr geringe und daher wirtschaftlich tragbare Mengen, z. B. 0,02%, von Wachsen, wie z. B. Bienenwachs oder synthetische Wachse, gelöst werden, d. h. Substanzen, deren Gehalt an Kohlenwasserstoffen im Gegensatz zu denjenigen der Ceresine sehr klein ist und die hauptsächlich aus höheren aliphatischen Alkoholen und Säuren und deren Estern bestehen.It has now been found that the occurrence of cloudiness can be significantly reduced or even completely prevented by the fact that in the raffinates at elevated temperature, e.g. B. at 70 0 , very small and therefore economically acceptable amounts, e.g. B. 0.02%, of waxes, such as. B. beeswax or synthetic waxes, ie substances whose hydrocarbon content is very small in contrast to that of the ceresins and which mainly consist of higher aliphatic alcohols and acids and their esters.
Die erhitzten Lösungen der Wachse in, den Raffinaten müssen im Verlauf einer bestimmten Zeit, von z. B. 12 bis 14 Stunden, auf Außentemperatur abgekühlt werden und bleiben dann klar. Die Wachse stellen Lösungsvermittler für die Trübungskörper dar; sie sind in der Lage, die Trübungsstoffe sowohl von vornherein in Lösung zu halten als auch bereits abgeschiedene Trübungsstoffe nachträglich durch Erhitzen und Abkühlen wieder in Lösung zu bringen, ohne daß wichtige Eigenschaften der Raffinate, wie beispielsweise Stockpunkt, Viskosität, Viskositätsindex, Neutralisationszahl und Flammpunkt nachteilig beeinflußt werden.The heated solutions of the waxes in the raffinates must be in the course of a certain Time, from z. B. 12 to 14 hours, at outside temperature be cooled and then remain clear. The waxes provide solubilizers for the Opaque bodies represent; they are able to dissolve the opacifying substances from the outset to keep as well as already deposited opacities subsequently by heating and cooling to bring back into solution without the important properties of the raffinates, such as Pour point, viscosity, viscosity index, neutralization number and flash point adversely affected will.
Das Verfahren erfordert keinen besonderen apparativen Aufwand. Es ist an sich allgemein anwendungsfähig. Da jedoch in der Praxis die chemische Zusammensetzung der zu behandelnden Raffinate von Fall zu Fall verschieden ist, können in Art und Mischungsverhältnis der einzusetzenden Wachse und deren Konzentration sowie bezüglich der erforderlichen Lösungstemperaturen, Verweilzeiten und Abkühlungsgeschwindigkeiten auf die jeweils herrschende Außentemperatur gewisse Abwandlungen notwendig werden.The process does not require any special equipment. It is general in itself applicable. However, as in practice the chemical composition of the treated Raffinates differ from case to case, can be used in type and mixing ratio Waxes and their concentration as well as the required solution temperatures and residence times and cooling rates to the prevailing outside temperature certain Modifications become necessary.
Beispiel ιExample ι
In einem gebrauchten, destillativ vorbehandelten Autoschmieröl, welches mit Schwefelsäure, Kalk und Bleicherde raffiniert wurde und noch klar ist, werden unmittelbar anschließend an die Schlußfiltration bei 700 0,02% sonnengebleichtes Bienenwachs gelöst. Die Lösung wird im Verlauf von 14 Stunden auf Außentemperatur abgekühlt. Das Raffinat, welches ohne den Wachszusatz nach einigen Tagen trübe geworden wäre, bleibt zufolge dieser Behandlung zeitlich unbegrenzt klar.In used, distillation pretreated car lubricating oil which has been refined with sulfuric acid, lime and bleaching earth and is still clear, then dissolved directly to the final filtration at 70 0 0.02% sun-bleached beeswax. The solution is cooled to external temperature in the course of 14 hours. The raffinate, which would have become cloudy after a few days without the addition of wax, remains clear indefinitely as a result of this treatment.
In einem wie in Beispiel 1 hergestellten, während des Stehens bei Außentemperatur getrübten Schmierölraffinat werden bei 700 0,02% des im Handel unter der Bezeichnung Gersthofemvachs B J oder £) P erhältlichen synthetischen Wachses gelöst. Die Lösung wird im Verlauf von 12 Stunden auf Außentemperatur abgekühlt. Die Trübung tritt entweder erst nach langer Zeit in kaum noch wahrnehmbarem Umfange oder gar nicht mehr auf.Prepared as in Example 1 in one, while standing at ambient temperature turbid Schmierölraffinat be solved of the commercially available under the designation Gersthofemvachs BJ or £) P synthetic wax at 70 0 0.02%. The solution is cooled to external temperature over the course of 12 hours. The cloudiness either occurs after a long time to a barely perceptible extent or no longer occurs at all.
Claims (1)
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE822288C true DE822288C (en) | 1951-10-11 |
Family
ID=27739655
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DENDAT822288D Expired DE822288C (en) | Process for the removal of turbidity in lubricating oil refined products |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE822288C (en) |
-
0
- DE DENDAT822288D patent/DE822288C/en not_active Expired
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