DE803028C - Process for the production of artificial stones of the sand-lime brick type - Google Patents

Process for the production of artificial stones of the sand-lime brick type

Info

Publication number
DE803028C
DE803028C DEP48797A DEP0048797A DE803028C DE 803028 C DE803028 C DE 803028C DE P48797 A DEP48797 A DE P48797A DE P0048797 A DEP0048797 A DE P0048797A DE 803028 C DE803028 C DE 803028C
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
sand
production
artificial stones
clay
quartz
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DEP48797A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Friedrich Fuchs
Friedrich August Dr Henglein
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to DEP48797A priority Critical patent/DE803028C/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE803028C publication Critical patent/DE803028C/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/18Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing mixtures of the silica-lime type
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P40/00Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
    • Y02P40/60Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)

Description

Verfahren zur Herstellung von Kunststeinen nach Art des Kalksandsteins Die bisherige Methode in der Formgebung hydrothermal gehärteter Bausteine bestand darin, daß vollständig unplastisches Ausgangsmaterial, z. B. Quarzsand, mit 8 bis loo/o Ca0 auf Drehtischpressen unter sehr hohen Drücken verformt wurde. Solche Pressen erfordern neben einem relativ hohen Energieverbrauch noch viel Handarbeit, verglichen mit Strangpressen, wie sie zur plastischen Verformung in der Ziegelindustrie verwendet werden.Process for the production of artificial stones in the form of sand-lime brick The previous method consisted of the shaping of hydrothermally hardened building blocks in that completely non-plastic starting material, e.g. B. quartz sand, with 8 to loo / o Ca0 was deformed on rotary table presses under very high pressures. Such presses require a lot of manual work in addition to a relatively high energy consumption, compared with extrusion presses such as those used for plastic deformation in the brick industry will.

Andererseits bietet das in der Kalksandsteinindustrie angewandte Dampfhärtungsverfahren in bezug auf Energieverbrauch und Rationalisierungsmöglichkeiten erhebliche Vorteile gegenüber den Trocknungs- und Brennprozessen der Ziegi°_lindtistrie. Zeitlich gesehen erstreckt sich der flärtungsvorgang nur über einige Stunden, während der Trocknungs- und Brennprozeß 12 bis 14 Tage in Anspruch nimmt, so daß sich unter der Annahme gleicher Anlagekosten eine bessere Rentabilität einer Dampfhärtungsanlage ergibt.On the other hand, the steam hardening process used in the sand-lime brick industry offers significant advantages in terms of energy consumption and rationalization options compared to the drying and firing processes of the Ziegi ° _lindtistrie. In terms of time the hardening process only lasts a few hours, while the drying and firing process takes 12 to 14 days to complete, so that is assuming The same investment costs result in a better profitability of a steam hardening system.

Verfahrenstechnische Vorteile ergeben sich, wenn die plastische Formgebungsmethode mit der Dampfhärtungsmethode kombiniert wird. Die Wirtschaftlichkeit eines solchen Verfahrens ist dann nur noch abhängig von den Kosten, welche das für die Dampfhärtung erforderliche Abbindemittel beansprucht. Da einerseits für die Formgebung auf Strangpressen ein Minimum an Plastizität nötig ist, anderseits für die Dampfhärtung der Gehalt an Quarzbestandteilen möglichst hoch sein muß, wurde eine Zusammensetzung gewählt, bei welcher der Anteil an freier Kieselsäure (Quarz) etwa 70% betrug. Feinkörniger Quarzsand wurde mit plastischem Ton, dessen Zusatzmenge sich nach seinem Gehalt an freier Kieselsäure richtete, gemengt. Die Gesamtmenge des in der Mischung vorhandenen Quarzes (einschließlich des im Ton v orliegenden) soll 65 bis 70% betragen. Hierbei darf die analytisch miterfaßte, in den Tonmineralien gebundene §i 02-.\fenge nicht mitgerechnet werden. Befinden sich im Ton außer Quarz noch andere unbildsame Komponenten, wie Feldspat, Glimmer oder Carbonate, so verringert sich entsprechend die Menge des verwendeten reinen Quarzes.Process engineering advantages result when the plastic shaping method is combined with the steam curing method. The economic viability of such a process is then only dependent on the costs incurred by the setting agent required for steam curing. Since, on the one hand, a minimum of plasticity is required for shaping on extrusion presses and, on the other hand, the content of quartz components must be as high as possible for steam curing, a composition was chosen in which the proportion of free silica (quartz) was about 70%. Fine-grain quartz sand was mixed with plastic clay, the amount of which was added according to its content of free silica. The total amount of quartz present in the mixture (including that in the clay) should be 65 to 70%. Here the analytically recorded and bound in the clay minerals §i 02 -. \ Fenge must not be included. If there are other non-sculptural components in the clay besides quartz, such as feldspar, mica or carbonates, the amount of pure quartz used is reduced accordingly.

Es wurden folgende Massenzusammensetzungen angewandt: i. Bei den mit CaO abgebundenen Steinen: 30,0% Ton mit 5% freiem Quarz, 61,2% Quarzsand, 8.8% Ca 0.The following compositions were used: i. With those with CaO set stones: 30.0% clay with 5% free quartz, 61.2% quartz sand, 8.8% approx 0.

z. Bei den mit NaOH abgebundenen Steinen: 32,0% Ton mit 5% freiem Quarz, 66,1% Quarzsand, 1,9% Na OH. Das Natriumhydroxyd wurde in Form einer 2o%igen Lösung zugefügt. In den Fällen i. und 2. betrug die erzielte Druckfestigkeit zwischen ioo und 13o kg/cm2.z. For stones set with NaOH: 32.0% clay with 5% free Quartz, 66.1% silica sand, 1.9% Na OH. The sodium hydroxide was in the form of a 20% strength Solution added. In the cases i. and 2. the compressive strength achieved was between ioo and 13o kg / cm2.

3. Bei den mit CaO + NaOH abgebundenen Steinen 30,0% Ton mit 5% freiem Quarz, 62,o% Quarzsand, 7,1% Ca O, o,9 % Na O H.3. For the stones set with CaO + NaOH, 30.0% clay with 5% free Quartz, 62, o% quartz sand, 7.1% Ca O, o.9% Na O H.

Im Falle 3. betrug die erzielte Druckfestigkeit etwa 18o kg/cm2.In case 3, the compressive strength achieved was around 180 kg / cm2.

In allen drei Fällen wurde nur so viel Anmachwasser bzw. Wasser zum .Ablöschen des Ca 0 zugegeben, daß eine plastische Verformung gerade noch möglich war: es ist ersichtlich, daß die chemische Zusammensetzung des Tones, insbesondere der Gehalt an freier Kieselsäure, von Einfluß darauf ist, in welchen Mengenverhältnissen Quarzsand und Ton gemischt werden.In all three cases only so much mixing water or water was used .Aquenching the Ca 0 added that plastic deformation is just about possible was: it can be seen that the chemical composition of the clay, in particular the content of free silica has an influence on the proportions in which it is used Quartz sand and clay are mixed.

Die Dampfhärtung erfolgte bei 5 atü Wasserdampfdruck und 18o° C, also in mäßig überhitzter Wasserdampfatmosphäre. Die Steine wurden ohne Vortrocknung sofort nach der Formgebung in den Härtungskessel gebracht. Die Härtungszeit betrug etwa 45 Minuten, was gegenüber der bei Kunstsandsteinen erforderlichen Härtungszeit von 8 Stunden große Vorteile bietet. Der anzuwendende Wasserdampfdruck und die Härtungstemperaturen variieren je nach der chemischen Zusammensetzung des Tones bzw. dem Verhältnis der Toliminerali#.n zur freien Kieselsäure.The steam curing took place at 5 atmospheres water vapor pressure and 180 ° C, that is in a moderately superheated steam atmosphere. The stones were made without pre-drying Immediately after shaping, placed in the hardening kettle. The curing time was about 45 minutes, which is compared to the hardening time required for artificial sandstones of 8 hours offers great advantages. The water vapor pressure to be used and the curing temperatures vary depending on the chemical composition of the clay or the ratio of the Toliminerali # .n to free silica.

Claims (1)

PATENTANSPRUCH: Verfahren zur Herstellung von Kunststeinen durch plastische Verformung mit anschließender hydrothermaler Härtung, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man Quarzsand, plastischen Ton und gebrannten Kalk und/oder Natriumhydroxyd mischt und dieses Gemenge wie Ziegelsteine formt und alsdann mit Wasserdampf unter Druck wie Kalksandsteine härtet. PATENT CLAIM: Process for the production of artificial stones by plastic deformation with subsequent hydrothermal hardening, characterized in that quartz sand, plastic clay and burnt lime and / or sodium hydroxide are mixed and this mixture is shaped like bricks and then hardened with steam under pressure like sand-lime bricks.
DEP48797A 1949-07-14 1949-07-14 Process for the production of artificial stones of the sand-lime brick type Expired DE803028C (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEP48797A DE803028C (en) 1949-07-14 1949-07-14 Process for the production of artificial stones of the sand-lime brick type

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEP48797A DE803028C (en) 1949-07-14 1949-07-14 Process for the production of artificial stones of the sand-lime brick type

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE803028C true DE803028C (en) 1951-02-26

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DEP48797A Expired DE803028C (en) 1949-07-14 1949-07-14 Process for the production of artificial stones of the sand-lime brick type

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE881627C (en) * 1950-10-01 1953-07-02 Doerentruper Sand & Thonwerk Process for the production of calcined quartz artificial stones and refractory masses
FR2572723A1 (en) * 1984-11-05 1986-05-09 Lavau Jacques PROCESS FOR PRODUCING CLAY-BASED MINERAL PRODUCTS WITH HIGH DIMENSIONAL STABILITY, AND PRODUCTS THEREOF
EP0302201A1 (en) * 1987-08-07 1989-02-08 Heidelberger Zement AG Process for the production of steam-hardened stones

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE881627C (en) * 1950-10-01 1953-07-02 Doerentruper Sand & Thonwerk Process for the production of calcined quartz artificial stones and refractory masses
FR2572723A1 (en) * 1984-11-05 1986-05-09 Lavau Jacques PROCESS FOR PRODUCING CLAY-BASED MINERAL PRODUCTS WITH HIGH DIMENSIONAL STABILITY, AND PRODUCTS THEREOF
EP0184477A1 (en) * 1984-11-05 1986-06-11 Jacques Lavau Process for making inorganic clay products having a great dimensional stability, and products therefrom
EP0302201A1 (en) * 1987-08-07 1989-02-08 Heidelberger Zement AG Process for the production of steam-hardened stones

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