DE79222C - Draft control for combustion systems. i - Google Patents

Description

IMPERIAL

PATENT OFFICE

PATENT LETTERING

CLASS 24: Combustion systems.

Draft control for combustion systems.

Addendum to patent Λί73517 of January 17, 1893.

Patented in the German Empire on February 27, 1894. Longest duration: January 16, 1908.

The present invention relates to innovations in draft control by the patent ^ r. 73517 protected species in which a flexible plate, on one side of which the combustion gases of a boiler furnace and on the other side of which is exposed to the outside air, the food flap through levers and rods actuated.

In that arrangement, the flap is only moved by the force exerted by the produced changing pressure difference between the combustion gases and the air and the flexible plate must therefore be made very large in order to be sufficient To produce force for easy movement of the flap even with small changes in pressure.

According to the new arrangement, the flap directly by a steam or water motor and only that the entry of the steam or water in this motor regulating valve operated by the flexible plate itself. At a Such an arrangement suffices a small, flexible plate which can only produce so much force needs to open the engine valve · at small pressure changes between gas and To adjust air.

A, Fig. I, is an ordinary standing water pipe kettle and B is the food flap to be moved by the means described below.

In Fig. 3 the main parts of the device are shown in section. C is a two-part housing which is carried by a base α , which in the present case is attached to a bracket b, Fig. I, which is attached to the side of the boiler.

The flexible plate D , best made of rubber fabric, is clamped between the two housing halves c and d and is held in place by the bolts e connecting the two halves cd . ■

With E and F circular metal plates are designated, the BEZW on the top. Underside of the flexible plate D are attached and held together by a rod G with screwed nuts g .

This rod goes through an opening h in the upper housing half c and its head carries a sleeve i with a laterally protruding arm j. The lower housing half d is connected by a pipe H, FIGS. 1, 2 and 7, to the interior of the boiler furnace or to the combustion chamber and is provided with a pipe extension k for this purpose. / is a steam or water cylinder which is advantageously placed on the housing part c near its center. In this cylinder, a piston slidably J, K whose rod passes through the upper Cylinderdeckel m and an eye η, Fig. Ι, sports, in, which a ρ on the role

running chain ο connected to the flap lever q is attached.

The length of this chain is chosen so that the flap B is closed when the piston J is in its lowest position.

The piston rod also carries a disk r on which a weight L rests; the latter keeps the flap closed when the piston J is not subjected to steam or water pressure.

In the present case, the flap B is weighted on one side (Fig. I), so that it opens automatically when the chain ο becomes slack due to the lifting piston. In other cases, the flap can also be opened by a linkage or lever mechanism.

A valve housing M , which has a bore for the hollow cylindrical valve N , is screwed into the cylinder wall at a point below the piston J by means of a threaded projection s. The threaded projections a ¹ b ^{x of} this housing are respectively with the flue pipe c ^{1 leading into a flue duct.} connected to the steam or water pipe d \ Fig. 2; Pipe d ¹ is intended for water here and is connected to the feed pipe of the water pipe.

The valve N, FIG. 4, has two annular grooves e ^l and f ¹ which, under certain circumstances, connect the channels g ^l h ^l leading to the pipe attachments a ¹ b ^l and also the attachment s, FIG. 3, with one of these channels by means of the openings g ² h ' ² , which lead into the interior of the valve N.

Fig. 4 shows the valve housing together with the valve in section. The upper end of the valve N is slotted and receives a lever O which is rotatable at i ¹ on a support bearing j ^{1 of} the valve housing M. This lever surrounds the sleeve i with its fork-shaped end k ^l and is rotatable on the arm j of the latter.

The ring R attached to the cylinder / carries on an arm Q the pivot m ^l for a rotatable grooved disk P, on the outer side of which a smaller roller S is cast.

A chain n ¹ , which is connected to a spiral spring T held at the head of the rod G , is attached to this latter roller.

Another chain ο ¹ leads from the circumference of the disk P to an arm U of the piston rod K, which is fastened directly under the plate r carrying the weight L.

If the boiler is in operation and the fire door is open, so that the pressure of the gases in the combustion chamber is equal to the external air pressure, the flexible plate D assumes the position shown in FIG. 3 and the valve N is lifted.

As soon as the valve has reached its highest position, the channel h ¹ leading to the water supply pipe d ¹ , FIGS. 2 and 4, is closed, and the cylinder space under the piston J is the opening through the pipe socket s, the annular space f ¹ / z ² , the central channel in valve N, the opening g ² , the annular space e ¹ and channel g ¹ in connection with the outlet pipe c ¹ .

Accordingly, no water under pressure can remain under the piston /, so that the piston is pressed down by the weight L and consequently the flap B is kept closed by the chain 0.

After the fire door has closed, the pressure in the combustion chamber is reduced and the flexible plate D is consequently pressed downwards, as a result of which the valve N is lowered until its head hits the upper part of the valve housing M. The c Auslafsrohr to ¹ g leading channel ¹ is thereby closed and the channel h ¹ through the valve N released.

The water entering h ^l goes through the annular space e ¹ , then through the opening g ² , the central channel of the valve N and the opening h ² into the annular space f ^l , from where it passes into the extension tube s leading to the bottom of the piston .

When the water enters, the piston is lifted and the flap is opened. As soon as the piston rod K rises with its arm U , a pull is exerted on the chain o ¹ so that the disk P rotates and the chain n ^{1 is} wound onto the small roller 5. As a result, the spring T is expanded, and when its tension overcomes the resistance of the flexible plate D , it is raised a little and, as a result of this movement, the water supply to the cylinder / is shut off. In this way, while maintaining the same relative pressure of the gases and air on the flexible plate, any further movement of the flap is prevented as no more water can enter the cylinder to lift the piston and the water already in it can only escape when the valve N is moved again in the event of a pressure change.

If, for example, more air has to be supplied to the fire, the pressure in the combustion chamber is lower and the flexible plate D is pressed down even further by the correspondingly higher pressure of the atmosphere. Depression of plate D causes valve N to lower further; the channel / ¹ becomes free again, so that more water can flow under the piston / and this is raised further, whereby the chain 0 ¹ becomes slack and the flap 4 opens further by itself. This opening of the flap lasts until the winding up of the chain n ^l and the expansion of the

Spring T interrupts the downward movement of the plate -D and lifts the valve N so that the further inflow of water is shut off again.

If, on the other hand, less air is to be supplied to the fire due to the formation of open areas between the grate bars, through which areas air enters the furnace, the pressure in the combustion chamber is increased and the plate D is raised; as a result, the valve N opens the channel g ¹ and the water can escape below the piston J. Since the latter is not carried by pressurized water during this time, it lowers as a result of the action of the weight L and the flap is closed somewhat by the pull of the chain o ^1.

It follows from the foregoing that, owing to the elasticity of the spring J ¹ , which forms part of the mechanism between the piston rod K and the plate D , the valve N is adjusted so that the flap in a certain position is held in this position, until a pressure difference has occurred, whereupon an adjustment of the flap takes place immediately; the new position of the flap is retained until a further change in the position of the pull flap is necessary.

8 and 9 differ from FIGS. 3 and 4 only in that the valve N is lifted directly by this arm instead of by the lever O connected to the arm j. The valve N , as a result of this arrangement, has a common movement with the plate D, and the precise adjustment of the flap by the movement of the valve takes place within narrower limits than in the previous construction.

In cases where the firing is uniform Amount of fuel supplied when the fuel z. B. OeI or gas. is, and the Feed is regulated by taps or valves, this latter arrangement can be advantageous be used.

The draft in the chimney must be uniform despite the changing air temperature, wind speed or air pressure. To achieve this, the valve housing M is provided with the aforementioned channels g ^l and h ¹ , while the valve N is provided with annular channels a ³ b ^s c ³ , which are connected to the interior of the valve through holes d ³ e ^s f ³ . The annular space f ^l and the opening A ² remain.

If the plate D and the valve N are in the position shown, the outlet channel g ^{1 is} open because the extension tube s with the annular space Z ¹ , the opening h ² , the central valve channel, the bore e ³ and the channel g ¹ leading channel b ^{3 is} in communication.

When the fire door is closed, the plate D is pushed down until the channel c ^{3 of} the valve N is level with the channel h ^l ; then water passes from the latter to c ³ and through the bore f ³ into the central channel, then flows through the opening h ² , the annular space f ¹ and the extension tube s under the piston, which is then lifted and thereby opens the flap.

The upward movement of the piston continues until the tension of the spring T overcomes the pressure on the plate D , whereupon the valve N is raised until the channels g ¹ and h ^{l are} closed; further movement of the piston is then prevented.

Should the draft in the chimney suddenly be increased by a windstaff, then the plate D falls quickly and the valve JV is moved to its lowest position, whereby the channel a ^s comes in front of the channel g ¹ and through the hole d ³ water below the piston J can escape so that the flap closes.

As soon as the windstaff is over, the plate D rises and water is let into the cylinder in order to open the flap in the manner described above.

In connection with the apparatus described, a steam or water motor can be used, which is activated by the rise of the steam pressure in the boiler to a predetermined level and then influences the connecting mechanism between the plate D and the flap in such a way that the latter is independent of the plate D is closed.

This motor is omitted here and the plate D itself is set up to close the flap. This is achieved by closing off any connection between the space below the plate -D and the combustion chamber and connecting the first-mentioned space to the air. This arrangement equalizes the pressure on both sides of the plate D and closes the flap.

In this embodiment the second part of the invention is a small, two parts of a ² b ² manufactured housing ^ ² with a plate B ^2, Fig. 2 and 7, applied. This housing is attached to a seat c ' ^{2 of} the valve housing C ² , the latter forming part of the tube H.

On the plate B ² lies the loose plate D ² , which at the top carries a pipe extension d ^{2 which fits into a guide e 2 of} the upper housing half ^{a 2.} E ² is a lever rotatable at f ² on a shoulder g ^{2 of} the housing half a ² and between this and the upper part of the plate D ² the rod F ' ^{2 is} inserted, the ends of which are pointed in order to increase the friction when the parts move Reduce.

A part of the housing C ² is designed as a valve chamber G ² and is provided with a valve H ² which, in the raised position, rests against the seat j ² . The upper end of the valve rod k- goes through a slightly wider opening m ² in the chamber G ² .

The upper end of the rod k ² is hinged to the lever E ' ² and carries a valve / ² for closing the opening m ² when the valve H ^{2 is} open. ^{A plate o 2 is} screwed to the lower end of the rod and carries the weights n ^{2 used} to load the rod.

The boiler steam is introduced into the housing A ' ² below the plate B- through a pipe J ^2.

The weights n ² are chosen so that they are lifted when the steam pressure on the underside of the plate B ^{2 reaches} the previously determined level so that it can then press the valve H ' ² against its seat.

A very precise setting of the load on the valve H ' ² is made possible by the weight K ² which can be displaced on the lever E. By closing the valve H- any connection between the space below the plate D and the combustion chamber is broken and air is admitted into the pipe H by releasing the opening m ² , whereby a pressure equalization is established with respect to the plate D and the flap described in FIG Way is closed.

As soon as the pressure in the boiler falls below the permissible level, the weight n ² opens the valve H ' ^{2 again} and the fire is regulated again by the automatic change in the flap position.

Instead of the steam or water motor, it is also possible without departing from the essence of the invention , an electric motor can be used to move the flap, in which case the plate rod G, instead of actuating the valve, closes the electrical circuit and opens.

Claims (5)

Patent Claims: ι. An embodiment of the draft control protected by Patent No. 73517, thereby characterized that the flexible plate actuated by the pressure prevailing in the combustion chamber is and disengaging device of a motor that sets the tension regulator in motion acts. 2. An embodiment of the tension control identified under 1., characterized in that the flexible plate (D ) acts on the inlet and outlet valve (N) of a cylinder (I) , the loaded piston rod (K) of which the tension flap (B) or a Equivalent device actuated in such a way that, depending on the movement of the flexible plate (D), the pressure medium lifting the piston (J ) is let into or released from the cylinder (I) and, as a result, the flap is opened or closed. 3. In the device specified under 2., the switching on of a spring (T) between the inlet and outlet valve (N) on the one hand and the piston rod (K) on the other, for the purpose of inlet and outlet of the pressure • to lock the piston (J) after a certain movement of the piston (J) determined by the tension of this spring (T) and thereby hold the pull flap (B) in the set position until another pressure change occurs in the combustion chamber. 4. With the draft control marked under 2., the execution of the on and off valve (N) in such a way that when the pressure in the combustion chamber suddenly drops, the pressure chamber of the cylinder is connected to the outlet for the purpose of closing the draft flap. 5. In the case of the draft control identified under 1., a loaded valve (H ' ² ) which is switched on in the line (H) connecting the combustion chamber with the space under the flexible plate (D ), which when a load occurs (ri ¹ ) a certain vapor tension in the boiler is closed by a flexible plate (B ² ) or an equivalent element that is on the one hand under the boiler pressure and on the other hand under the pressure of the outside air, and at the same time the space under the flexible plate acting on the engaging and disengaging device of the motor ( D) is connected to the outside air for the purpose of closing the draft flap (B) . For this purpose 2 sheets of drawings.