DE7740339U1 - SUB-CALIBRATED EXERCISE FLOOR FOR ANTI-ARMS - Google Patents

Description

Sub-caliber training bullet for anti-tank weapons

The present invention relates to a sub-caliber training ammunition with which, in particular, external ballistics: from. rocket-propelled); armored. π ■ _: j defense weapons can be reproduced without the use of a rocket engine.

It is known that training ammunition for anti-tank weapons and mortars for economic reasons Small caliber, i.e. smaller in caliber than the original ammunition prepared dummy of the original floor inserted and shot out of this. to have the same handling • as with the original bullet, or off Fixed insert barrels from the original weapon. shot.

The external ballistics of the training ammunition corresponds

¹ I.

neither that of the original ammunition nor the range is shortened, e.g. for mortar ammunition.

The mass and cross-section of these known projectiles do not or only slightly change during the shot, so that the ratio of the two parameters, the cross-sectional load, remains the same.

This is the main difference to the known sub-caliber projectiles of the present one Innovation in which the bullet diameter is significantly smaller than the pipe diameter. The projectiles are with the help of full-caliber / .driving mirrors that the

Introduce gas forces into the projectile and fire support elements that guide the projectiles in the tube.

These projectiles are known to have the advantage that high muzzle velocities can be achieved by a low, the muzzle velocity inversely proportional transverse '

cutting load reached. '.

After emerging from the muzzle, the propulsion and support elements fly off and the projectile now has a high transverse depth.

sectional load, which in turn has a low outside τ ballistic speed drop causes.

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Anti-tank weapons of newer designs reach high Airspeeds in general, ι by an additional lent rocket propulsion, V / i 11 one these flat trajectories' with the same accuracy of a smaller caliber to simulate pyrotechnic practice ammunition, that too should be economical, the rocket drive is not feasible for reasons of precision and cost. Bullets that are smaller in caliber, but remain full-caliber, require very high muzzle velocities around the to compensate for the external ballistic drop in speed. H' In many cases, the high gas pressure required for this can only be achieved with considerable effort. . Another major problem is the

dung of pyrotechnic propellant charge powders such as black powder Bretende dispersion of the muzzle velocity 'in the militarily required temperature ranges before

especially at ranges of 3oo to 5oo m inadmissibly strong Brings with it scatter in the hit images.

In the present invention, a pyrotechnic

Practice ammunition is proposed that has the disadvantages mentioned

j does not have, but in terms of precision,

j accuracy and economic efficiency meet the requirements of a

■; practice ammunition for e.g. modern anti-tank weapons.

The task is fulfilled in that one in the through the Claims characterized way a sub-caliber projectile j

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with rigid stabilizing wings with the help of a sabot and fired from support elements at relatively low pressures with pyrotechnic propellant charge powders, ι

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The storeys are given additional design features particularly desirable external ballistic properties.

So has the projectile according to the invention in the area of Stabilization wing a pvrotechnischen flare that is ignited by the hot propellant gases and fulfills the following tasks:

1. The trajectory of the projectile can be determined by the '· from the shooter with the help of this light bulb.

2. The burning charge is dimensioned so that the. occurring behind missiles Soil suction, which makes up a large proportion of the total air resistance, is greatly reduced.

In the ammunition according to the invention, this principle, known per se as "ground level reduction by pyrotechnic means", leads to an effect described below at the firing ranges under discussion. ^:

According to the invention, the lighting of the burning charge is fired chosen that burns almost independently of pressure and temperature. This will ignite the lamp .according to a defined one, at all combustion pressures and

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Ambient temperatures same time. The encouragement exists therefore preferably made of zirconium or its alloys with nickel or tungsten and molybdenum in a mixture with heavy metal oxides, such as iron and / or vanadium oxides, as well as small proportions of organic binders.

If the muzzle velocity fluctuates, the projectile lays until the pyrotechnic charge ignites different distances in free flight back, i.e. the effect of the soil reduction begins at different points on the flight path.

At high muzzle velocities, e.g. at powder temperatures of + 44 ° C, the projectile covers a relatively long distance compared to the total flight distance of e.g. approx. 400 m without reducing the ground draft. Accordingly strong is ^the: external ballistic velocity drop the trajectory in the first part.

■ At low muzzle velocities, e.g. with powder The flare sets the temperature from - 3o to - 4o C relatively early on, so that the suction reduction limits the drop in speed at an early stage.

With the help of this effect, the invention. j . ■. ■ ■

j storeys V. -distributions regulate themselves, so that ι ^ι 'the mean meeting points, based on the temperatures

- 3o C, + 2o C, + 44 C are close together. i

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■ ·! ·

The measure according to the invention is supplemented by an i ι

further arrangement on the floor, such that behind the;

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- 8th - . ι ■

Head of the projectile a baffle is attached. 'Included

the projectile head can connect directly to the body or be arranged on a taper of the body. The storey. head can be smaller or the same size as the body.

An embodiment is preferred in which the projectile head is as large as the body and the taper forms an annular groove. This configuration has the following advantages:

1. The taper accommodates the support segments, which serve to guide the projectile in the tube. <.

2. The outer ballistically enlarges the impact surface opposite the tip of the projectile Air resistance as a function of the flow speed.

It has proven to be advantageous that the end face (impact surface) of the annular groove is at least 30% of the cross-sectional area of the projectile and the length of the annular groove is 1 to 3 calibers, but preferably 2 calibers of the projectile. At high muzzle and flight speeds, together with the previously described soil suction effect, a strong speed reduction, so that the innovation ■ appropriate, self-regulating influence on the Fluggeschwindig- 'speed is increased.

The following table shows the j technical progress.

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The shooting was carried out at a distance of 300 mm. The weight of the propellant charge and the projectile remained constant. If the burning charge was not to be ignited, an inert body of equal weight was used. The ring groove was 1.5 calibers long and 0.4 calibers deep. 'ι - ¹ The middle meeting points (side) were not listed

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-P-CD CO OO CO

temperature

O _n

Medium meeting points depending on the new ones Floor parameters.

ABC

Standard business without standard floor with standard floor with

Luminous burning charge and luminous burning charge without Leucht'orenns. With

Ringmrc Vi TH crn

τ ■ * ■

+ Io

Ring groove KTH
cm

+ 53

Ring groove M T H

cm

+ Io

' O

- loo

"25

- 35

8o

6o

MTK - middle meeting point (height)

The standard bullet without change (A) shows the well-known external ballistic behavior that is dependent on the powder temperature with relatively large scatter of the mean lowlands.

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If the ground reduction effect is used alone (B), both the reduction in the effect of air resistance (higher MTH) and the self-regulation of the airspeed emerge, which increases when both (C) measures according to the invention are used so that the MTH in the warmth ( + 44 C) below that at normal temperature.

The present invention is explained in more detail with reference to the drawing explained i ι

Figure! 1 shows the projectile 1 with the rigid stabilizing wings 2 and the recess for the incinerator 3 · and. the annular groove 4 with the impact surface 5 opposite the tip,

Figure 2 shows the installation of the projectile according to the invention. ' ; into a cartridge case 13. The '

Support segment 6. This is divided. After the launch, the projectile is released under the action of the air flow. j between the stabilizing wings 2 is in the recess

the light-burning set fitted. This consists of the j Case 7, the fuel 8 and the lighting 9. j The bullet is supported by the stabilizing wings 2 j on a sabot 1o, which has an ignition opening ' : knows. A sealing element 11, which rests on the propellant charge 12, is located behind the sabot 1o.

FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of the invention in which the projectile head sits directly on the body 1.

Figure 4 shows an embodiment of the invention in which the projectile head is arranged on a taper of the body 1,

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Claims (5)

1.) subcaliber Ubungsgeschoß for anti-tank weapons oder.dergl., Consisting of missiles with projectile head and rigid stabilization wings, characterized in that in a recess in the region between the stabilizing wings (2) a light fuel assembly consisting of a fuel assembly (8) and a grain enhancement ( 9) is arranged, whereby the firing consists of a material that burns almost independently of pressure and temperature. 2.) Sub-caliber exercise projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the projectile head is smaller than the projectile body. 3.) Sub-caliber training projectile according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the projectile head is so much smaller than the projectile body, so that a formed thereby The impact surface is at least 3o% of the total cross-sectional area of the projectile body is. 7740339 fl7.09.7H- 4.) Sub-caliber exercise projectile according to claim 1 to _; 3, characterized in that the projectile head is arranged on a stepped taper (4) of the projectile body, the tapering forming an impact surface (5) which is at least 3o% of the projectile body cross-sectional area. 5.) Sub-caliber exercise projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the projectile head is the same size or smaller than the projectile body and that an annular groove is arranged between the head and body, the length of which is 1-3 caliber, preferably 2 caliber and that the impact surface (5) formed by the annular groove is at least 30% of the cross-section of the body amounts to. 7740339 09/07/78