DE764107C - Process for the preparation of ª ‰ -alkoxyaldehydes - Google Patents

Process for the preparation of ª ‰ -alkoxyaldehydes

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Publication number
DE764107C
DE764107C DED77996D DED0077996D DE764107C DE 764107 C DE764107 C DE 764107C DE D77996 D DED77996 D DE D77996D DE D0077996 D DED0077996 D DE D0077996D DE 764107 C DE764107 C DE 764107C
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DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
alcohols
unsaturated aldehydes
alkoxyaldehydes
alcohol
preparation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DED77996D
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German (de)
Inventor
Hermann Dr Schulz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Evonik Operations GmbH
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Degussa GmbH
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Publication date
Application filed by Degussa GmbH filed Critical Degussa GmbH
Priority to DED77996D priority Critical patent/DE764107C/en
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Publication of DE764107C publication Critical patent/DE764107C/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C45/00Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds
    • C07C45/61Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups
    • C07C45/67Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton
    • C07C45/68Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms
    • C07C45/70Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms by reaction with functional groups containing oxygen only in singly bound form
    • C07C45/71Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms by reaction with functional groups containing oxygen only in singly bound form being hydroxy groups

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Description

Verfahren zur Herstellung von ß-Alkoxyaldehyden Gegenstand der voirliegenden Erfindung isst ein Verfahren zur Herstelilung der b,i,s jetzt nur schwer zugänglichen, ß-Alko@xyaldehydie, insbesondere von ß-A11zoxyp@r-op@ioniaildiejhyd. Erfindungsgemäß werden zu diesem Zweck unigesättigte Aldehyde mit Alkohoilen in Gegenwart von: unter Mitverwendu.ng von Wasser ,Stark verdünnten sauer wi@rleeniden Stoffen zur Reaktion gebracht. Eis isit bekannt, daß ,bei, der Einwirkung von Alkoholen auf Midehyde drei, Moleküle Alkohol mit eineue Mol Aldchyd, unter Bildung der entsprechenden ß-Alk oxy-,düa,lkyl-aeetale reagieren, und es Mist auch schon vorgeschlagen worden, Acetale mf wäßirigen Säuren, in :die entsprechenden Aldlehydie überzuführen, aber hierbei treten Nebeneeaktionen ein" die zu relativ sichlechten Ausbeuten führen. Weiiterhin dis@t eise bekannt, bei' der Hersitellunig von Alkoxyaild!ehydien alkalische I"#iatalysator!en zu verwenden, wo- bei die Hersiteillungswedse außerordentlich kompliziert wird und außerdem nicht die erfindungsgemäßen hohen Ausbeuten erhalten werden.Process for the production of ß-alkoxyaldehydes The subject of the present invention eats a method of making the b, i, s now difficult to access, ß-Alko @ xyaldehydie, in particular from ß-A11zoxyp @ r-op @ ioniaildiejhyd. According to the invention are for this purpose unsaturated aldehydes with alcohols in Presence of: using Water, strongly diluted sour wi @ rleeniden Reacting substances. Ice is known to, when, acted upon of alcohol Midehyde three, molecules of alcohol with one mole Aldchyd, with the formation of the corresponding ß-alk oxy-, düa, lkyl-aeetale react, and it crap also been suggested acetals mf aqueous acids, in: the corresponding Convict aldlehydia, but step here Side reactions an "which are too bad Yields lead. Further known, at 'the Hersitellunig of Alkoxyaild! ehydien alkaline catalysts should be used, where- extraordinary at the Hersiteillungswedse becomes complicated and, moreover, the high yields according to the invention cannot be obtained.

In Ausübung der Erfindung wird so. gearbeitet, daß man auf ungesättigte Aldehyde Alkohole unmittelbar in Gegenwart von Wasser unter Mitverivendung von sauren Reaktionsbeschleunigern, also z. B. in Gegenwart von verdünnter Säure, einwirken läßt. Unter diesen Bedingungen gelingt es in einer Reaktionsphase, die Alkylgruppen an die Doppelbindung zu dirigieren, während die Aldehy dgruppen im wesentlichen unbesetzt sind.In the practice of the invention, so. worked that one on unsaturated Aldehydes Alcohols directly in the presence of water with the concomitant use of acidic ones Reaction accelerators, e.g. B. act in the presence of dilute acid leaves. Under these conditions, the alkyl groups succeed in one reaction phase to direct to the double bond, while the aldehyde dgruppen essentially are unoccupied.

Als ungesättigte Aldehyde im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung kommen beispielswei:so in Betracht Aerolein, CrotonaIdeuhyd, x-.Naethy lacrolein, Zimtaldehyd, Ma.leind.ialdehy d u. d,51.As unsaturated aldehydes for the purposes of the present invention come for example: Aerolein, CrotonaIdeuhyd, x-Naethy lacrolein, cinnamaldehyde, Ma.leind.ialdehy d u. D, 51.

Als anzulagernde Alkohole eignen sich insonderheit die niederen Alkohole der Fettreihe, wie Methvl- oder Äthylalkohol; doch können hierfür auch ähnliche Alkohole, wie Butylalloho,l, Hexylallo@ho.l, Verwendung finden.The lower alcohols are particularly suitable as alcohols to be deposited the fatty series, such as methyl or ethyl alcohol; but similar ones can also be used for this Alcohols, such as butylalloho, l, Hexylallo@ho.l, use.

Als sauer wirkende Reaktionsbeschleuniger kann man verwenden: Salzsäure, Schwefelsäure, Natriumbi.sulfat, Chlorzink, chlorierte Essigsäure, Benzol,sulfo@nsäu:re u. dgl.The following can be used as acidic reaction accelerators: hydrochloric acid, Sulfuric acid, sodium bisulfate, zinc chloride, chlorinated acetic acid, benzene, sulfonic acid: re and the like

Aus dem Real;tionsgernisch kann der freie Allkoxyaldehyd durch Fraktilonieren, gegebenenfalls im Vakuum, oder durch azeotropes Destillieren .unter Mitverwendung von Estern, Kohlenwasserstoffen u. d51. gewonnen werden, nachdem die Lösung vorher vorsichtig neutralisiert worden ist. Man verfährt hierbei so, daß man den Hauptanteil der Säure mit stärkeren Basen, etwa Na OH, unter guter Durchmischung absättigt und den Rest mit Puffersubstanzen, wie l\Tatriu macetat, neutralisiert. Weiterhin kann man das Reaktionsgemi,sch durch Auss'alzen mit Kochsalz, Natriumsulfat, Chlorkalzium od. d@gl. bzv;. durch Extrahieren mit Estern, Äthern u. dgl. oder durch Tiefkühlung aufarbeiten. Di e gemannten Au:f arbeitungsmetho den können einzeln oder in Kombination angewandt werden.The free alkoxyaldehyde can be obtained from the reaction mixture by optionally in vacuo, or by azeotropic distillation .with additional use of esters, hydrocarbons and d51. obtained after the solution beforehand has been carefully neutralized. One proceeds here in such a way that one takes the main part the acid is saturated with stronger bases, such as Na OH, with thorough mixing and the rest with buffer substances, such as Tatriu macetat, neutralized. Furthermore can the reaction mixture by salting out with sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, calcium chloride or d @ gl. bzv ;. by extraction with esters, ethers and the like, or by freezing work up. The managed processing methods can be used individually or in combination can be applied.

Beispiele i. ioo g Aerolein von 9.Io/o werden unter Einhaltung einer Temperatur von 2o° mit einer Mischung von Zoo g Äthy lalkoiiol und Zoo g 5o/aiger Salzsäure versetzt. Nach 24 Stunden sind, was sich hromemetrisch leicht ermitteln läßt, 95 °/o der Doppelhi.ndung verschwunden, während 79°/o Äthoxypropionaldehyd neben i8o/o Ätlioxypropio.naceta.l entstanden sind. Zu diesem Zeitpunkt wird mit 3.4 ccm 25%i,-er Natronlauge und 3 g -,vasserfre.iem Natriumacetat neutralisiert. Der Alkoholüberschuß wird bei einem Druck von ioomm mittels einer gaten. Rektifikation#-ko:lonue frei Destillationstemperaturen voll 3; bis 36° abdestil.liert und der Rückstand &r Extraktion unterworfen. Die Reaktionsprodukte gehen dabei sehr leicht in das Extraktionsmittel, sei es Diätlivläther, Ätliylacetat ad. dgl., über. Nachdem das Extraktionsmittel in bekannter Weise entfernt worden ist, verbleiben in der Hauptsache Äthoxyprop,ionald,ehyd und dessen Acetal neben geringen Mengen Hydracrvlaldehv<l und dessen Acetal, die durch Rektifikation leicht getrennt tverden können. Äthoxypropionaldehyd sowie dessen Acetal entstellen mit einer auf Aerolein bezogenen Ausbeute von 85 bis goo/o der Theorie. Das Acetal kann auch hier entweder gesondert verseift oder einem neuen Ansatz zugeffigt werden.Examples i. ioo g of aerolein of 9.Io/o are given in compliance with a Temperature of 20 ° with a mixture of zoo g ethyl alcohol and zoo g 50 / aiger Hydrochloric acid added. After 24 hours, what can be easily determined hrometrically leaves, 95% of the double bond disappeared, while 79% ethoxypropionaldehyde in addition to i8o / o Ätlioxypropio.naceta.l have arisen. At this point, with 3.4 ccm of 25% sodium hydroxide solution and 3 g of anhydrous sodium acetate neutralized. The excess alcohol is gated at a pressure of ioomm. Rectification # -ko: lonue free distillation temperatures full 3; distil.liert up to 36 ° and the residue & r subjected to extraction. The reaction products go very easily into the extracting agent, be it dietary liver ether, ethyl acetate ad. like., about. After this the extractant has been removed in a known manner, remain in the The main thing is ethoxyprop, ionald, ehyd and its acetal, along with small amounts of hydracralaldehyde and its acetal, which can easily be separated by rectification. Ethoxypropionaldehyde as well as its acetal disfigure with a yield of 85 based on aerolein to goo / o the theory. Here too, the acetal can either be saponified separately or a new approach.

2. 70 g CrotanaIde'nyd werden bei 20^ mit einer Mischung von i2o g Äthylalkohol und 200 g 5o/oiger Salzsäure versetzt. -Nach 24 Stunden wird mit 35 ccm 25o/aiger Natronlange und 5 g Natriurnacetat neutralisiert. Der Alko .olüberschuß wird bei 3; bis 36' abdestilliert und der Rückstand extrahiert. \Tach Entfernung des Extraktionsmittels und abermaligerRektifikation werden 72%(3-Ätlloxybutyra.ld'e,Iiyd erhalten. Siedepunkt bei .I0 mm zwischen So und 9o°.2. 70 g of CrotanaIde'nyd are mixed with a mixture of 120 g of ethyl alcohol and 200 g of 50% hydrochloric acid at 20 ^. -After 24 hours, it is neutralized with 35 ccm 25o / aiger soda long and 5 g sodium acetate. The Alko .ol excess is at 3; to 36 'distilled off and the residue extracted. After removal of the extractant and repeated rectification, 72% (3-Ätlloxybutyra.ld'e, Iiyd are obtained. Boiling point at .10 mm between 50 ° and 90 °.

3. Zu einer Mischung von 37;g Propylalkohal mit 15 g 37o/aiger Salzsäure läßt man im Laufe von i Stunde bei 2o° unter Rühren ein Gemisch von 170 g Tiglinaldehyd mit 5o g Propylallcohol zulaufen. Nach ioStunden wird mit 2o ccm 25o/oiger Natronlauge und 3 g trockenem Natriumacetat in io ccm Wasser vorsichtig neutralisiert. Bei ioo ccm und 35° wird der Propylall;ohol abdestilliert. DerRüchstand wird rektifiziert, wobei 15 mm zwischen go und ioo° 64% an /3-Propylisovaleraldehyd übergehen.3. To a mixture of 37 g propyl alcohol with 15 g 37% hydrochloric acid a mixture of 170 g of tiglic aldehyde is allowed in the course of 1 hour at 20 ° with stirring run in with 50 g propyl alcohol. After 10 hours, 25% sodium hydroxide solution is added with 20 cc and 3 g of dry sodium acetate in 10 cc of water carefully neutralized. At ioo ccm and 35 °, the propylene alcohol is distilled off. The righteousness is rectified whereby 15 mm pass between 0 and 100 ° 64% of / 3-propylisovaleraldehyde.

Claims (1)

PATENTANSPRUCH: Verfahren zur Herstellung von i-.A1koxya.ldehyden aus Alkoholen und ungesättigten Aldehvden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man ungesättigte Aldehyde mit Alkoholen in Gegenwart von unter %litver#,vendung von Wasser stark verdünnten, sauerwirkenden Stoffen umsetzt. Zur Abgrenzung des Erfindungsgegenstands vom Stand .der Technik ist im Erteilungsverfahren folgende Druckschrift in Betracht gezogen worden: Deutsche. Patentschrift X r. 561 .120.PATENT CLAIM: Process for the production of i-.A1koxya.ldehydes from alcohols and unsaturated aldehydes, characterized in that one unsaturated Aldehydes with alcohols in the presence of less than% litver #, use of water strong converts diluted, acidic substances. To delimit the subject matter of the invention From the state of the art, the following publication is considered in the grant procedure been drawn: Germans. Patent specification X r. 561 .120.
DED77996D 1938-05-20 1938-05-20 Process for the preparation of ª ‰ -alkoxyaldehydes Expired DE764107C (en)

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Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE561420C (en) * 1929-07-21 1932-10-14 Wacker Chemie Gmbh Process for the preparation of ª ‰ -alkoxyaldehydes

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE561420C (en) * 1929-07-21 1932-10-14 Wacker Chemie Gmbh Process for the preparation of ª ‰ -alkoxyaldehydes

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