DE744648C - Dry cleaning device for leafy plants - Google Patents

Description

Dry cleaning device for leafy plants Leave the beet leaves In many cases, they are not harvested so cleanly that they are ready for further treatment Silage or artificial drying are suitable, as the forage obtained is too good has a high dirt content.

Adheres in favorable weather conditions and lighter soils the dirt or sand often so loosely that it can already be sieved on suitable Sieve or. Shaking devices can be largely removed.

However, in order to adequately clean heavily soiled beet leaves was So far, the treatment in an appropriate washing device is required. the The disadvantages of this method, however, are that as a result of the inevitable Loss of dry matter reduces the yield of dry matter, in some cases considerably will. In the case of .artificial drying. Of the washed beet leaves, the amount of water to be evaporated due to the increased water content due to the washing process and thus also. the heat requirement for drying increased, in the case of artificial drying Both factors cause an undesirable increase in the specific drying costs. It has therefore already been suggested that the beet leaf washing should be perfected Replace the dry sifting of the adhering dirt, this if necessary previously shredded dirt sheet first undergoes pre-drying or pre-wilting . Is subjected to the application of hot gases. This pre-drying of the dirt sheet has naturally also a drying of the adhering .Smutzes result, which thereby encrusted and crumbling. By combining the pre-drying with the screening is expedient in a rotating sieve drum with a perforated jacket as a result of the trickling movement of the beet leaf, which causes the crusted crust to crumble Dirt favors, on the one hand, and through ongoing suction of the dried Dirt-enriched drying air through several in the direction of the pulling through Suction housing arranged one behind the other, on the other hand, has a considerable air flow Cleaning of the dirt sheet achievable.

The disadvantage of this procedure is in particular the need to the pre-wilting of the dirt sheet with screening, the crushing of the cleaned one Leaf to the desired or required piece size of the dry food and the final drying of the pre-wilted leaf in separate, in @vesentliohen in to be carried out on self-contained system parts.

The subject of the invention is the combination of the two partial drying processes (`` orabwelling - finished drying) in an apparatus according to Fig.

According to this, it is important that the leafy plants are removed before treatment in the pre-drying section only carefully to remove the adhering dirt, d. H. may be coarsely shredded, thus seriously damaging the plant and as a result, an increase in their surface moisture is avoided would only result in useless exposure to the pre-wilting zone. The incrustation of the adhering Sehmutzes. As well as the crumbling of the same takes place, as is well known, only when practically all surface moisture has evaporated.

On the other hand, it is known that the drying times and thus also the throughput of drying systems depends on the size of the items to be dried are dependent, so that the performance of the dryer, z. B. through stronger pre-shredders un @ g of the wet material, can be increased considerably under certain circumstances. So it will aimed to reduce the throughput performance of the final drying stage from that for advance wilting to make necessary coarse pre-shredding of the material to be dried independently. The combined device consists of the furnace r, the drum dryer a, its first part 3 with perforated screen jacket q., optionally with in the direction of the drum end gradually decreasing perforation, and the last part 5 for the final drying of the Sieved and pre-wilted dirt sheets are used. It is essential that the beet leaf with your drying gas in cocurrent through the drum dryer conveyed and that with high hot gas temperatures at the drum inlet of at least 5oo ° C is worked to ensure that the Beet leaf, d. H. thus the encrusting and crumbling of the adhering dirt to reach.

The beet leaf is expediently placed in the drum dryer only moderately, d. H. coarsely pre-shredded, for example in one set for coarse cut Häckselmascliin --- or a coarse shredder.

The rough pre-shredding is supposed to damage the plant too much with the resulting bleeding of the cell sap, as this an increase in the amount of moisture sets in, the evaporation of which - then likewise would have to be left to the pre-wilting zone of the drum, uni the encrustation or as a result from reaching the crumbling of the dirt.

The length of the finished drying section of the drum is determined by the drying time of the coarse parts contained in the beet leaf, especially the head pieces. It is possible to shorten this drying distance significantly, if the material to be dried following the final drying in a known manner a sifting with excretion coarse and not yet sufficiently dried through to the core Pieces is subjected and these pieces after appropriate further comminution using known devices suitable for this purpose for the purpose of post-drying and final drying be returned to the beginning of the final drying section.

The screening can optionally be followed by comminution work between the pre-corrugated zone and the finished drying zone, in which case the pre-wilted zone would be formed without a perforated screen jacket, d. H. at the end of the pre-wilting zone, e.g. B. At the end of the first third of the drum, the beet leaf should be with its meanwhile earth the crumbled dirt content removed from the drum, after sieving has taken place the pre-wilted material on a vibrating chute or z. B. a favorite desander with subsequent shredding on a shredder, the cleaned one would then be and feed the shredded material to the final drying section.

There is also the option of sifting and shredding to be combined with drying in the manner of the well-known pneumatic circulation dryers, That means that the material to be dried is circulating over the drying section-sifter-shredder-drying section for so long is located until sufficient shredding and thus the desired degree of dryness is reached.

Claims (1)

PATENT CLAIMS: i. Dry cleaning device for leafy plants, especially beet leaves, consisting of a direct current drying drum provided with trickle installations, characterized in that the first part of the same is designed as a sieve drum with gradually decreasing perforated casing, in which the adhering dirt encrusts, crumbles and is removed by sieving, while the cleaned sheet material then passes through the finished drying section with the cooled gases. z. Apparatus according to claim i, characterized in that the drying drum is followed by a sifting device for the purpose of separating out coarse, insufficiently dried pieces. 3. Device according to .den claims i and 2, characterized in that the sifted out coarse S pieces are crushed in shredders of known design and returned for the purpose of final drying to the beginning of the final drying section. q .. Device for processing leafy plants, especially beet leaves, in a co-current drying drum suitably provided with a trickle installation, characterized in that at the end of the pre-wilting zone a take-off element is arranged for the entire material with subsequent sieving and crushing devices and finally a re-feeding conveyor to the finished drying section . 5. Device according to .den claims i to q., Characterized in that the finished drying section is designed either partially or entirely as a pneumatic dryer with sifting and comminution. In order to differentiate the subject of the application from the state of the art, no publications were taken into account in the granting procedure.