DE738461C - Oil-free aqueous lubricants and coolants for the machining treatment of metals - Google Patents

Oil-free aqueous lubricants and coolants for the machining treatment of metals

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Publication number
DE738461C
DE738461C DEI66892D DEI0066892D DE738461C DE 738461 C DE738461 C DE 738461C DE I66892 D DEI66892 D DE I66892D DE I0066892 D DEI0066892 D DE I0066892D DE 738461 C DE738461 C DE 738461C
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DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
metals
oil
coolants
machining treatment
lubricants
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DEI66892D
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German (de)
Inventor
Dr Karl Daimler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
IG Farbenindustrie AG
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IG Farbenindustrie AG
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Priority to DEI66892D priority Critical patent/DE738461C/en
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Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M173/00Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water
    • C10M173/02Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water not containing mineral or fatty oils
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/02Water
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/08Inorganic acids or salts thereof
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/08Inorganic acids or salts thereof
    • C10M2201/081Inorganic acids or salts thereof containing halogen
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/08Inorganic acids or salts thereof
    • C10M2201/082Inorganic acids or salts thereof containing nitrogen
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/08Inorganic acids or salts thereof
    • C10M2201/084Inorganic acids or salts thereof containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/121Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/121Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/122Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms monocarboxylic
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/02Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/04Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2215/042Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Alkoxylated derivatives thereof
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2217/00Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2217/04Macromolecular compounds from nitrogen-containing monomers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2217/044Polyamides
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2217/00Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2217/04Macromolecular compounds from nitrogen-containing monomers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2217/045Polyureas; Polyurethanes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20Metal working
    • C10N2040/22Metal working with essential removal of material, e.g. cutting, grinding or drilling
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2050/00Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
    • C10N2050/01Emulsions, colloids, or micelles

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Description

Ölfreie wäßrige Schmier- und Kühlflüssigkeiten für die spanabhebende Behandlung von Metallen Zur Herstellung von wäßrigen Schmier-und Kühlflüssigkeiten für Bohr- und Fräsmaschinen u. dgl. sind -u. a. wäßrige Seifenlösungen oder wäßrige Seifen-Mineralöl-Emulsionen seit längerem in Gebrauch. Sie werden als wasserarme Konzentrate unter der Bezeichnung »Bohröle« vom Hersteller geliefert und vom Verbraucher dann mit Wasser auf gebrauchsfertige Bohröllösungen, z. B. im Verhältnis von i : io. @#erdünnt. Von den unverdünnten Bohrölen verlangt man, daß sie von einheitlicher Beschaffenheit, also klär oder blank sind, weil trübe Bohröle sich erfahrungsgemäß bei längerem Aufheben unter störender Schich-tenbildung zu entmischen pflegen. Von den verdünnten Gebrauchslösungen verlangt man. daß sie klar bis stark milchig sind, aber keinesfalls, auch nicht bei Anwendung von hartem Wasser, früher oder später käsige Ausscheidungen zur Folge haben oder große Öltropfen abscheiden. Außerdem sind nur solche Bohröle brauchbar, die das Rosten nicht begünstigen, sondern vielmehr eine Rostschutzwirkung ausüben. Da nun Seife und eigentliche Seifenfettsäuren und ebenso Mineralöle für Zwecke der Bohrölherstellung nicht in ausreichendem Maße zu beschaffen sind, wurde untersucht, ob gewisse synthetische Spezialfettsäuren für die Bohrölherstellung im Sinne des Seifenersatzes gebraucht werden könnten.Oil-free aqueous lubricants and coolants for machining Treatment of metals For the production of aqueous lubricants and coolants for drilling and milling machines and the like are -u. a. aqueous soap solutions or aqueous Soap and mineral oil emulsions have been in use for a long time. They are called arid Concentrates under the designation "drilling oils" supplied by the manufacturer and by the consumer then with water on ready-to-use drilling oil solutions, e.g. B. in the ratio of i: ok @ # thinned. The undiluted drilling oils are required to be more uniform Condition, i.e. clear or bright, because experience has shown that drilling oils are cloudy in the event of prolonged storage, tend to unmix with disturbing layering. from the diluted working solutions are required. that they are clear to very milky, but by no means, not even when using hard water, sooner or later cause cheesy excretions or separate large drops of oil. aside from that only those drilling oils can be used that do not favor rusting, but rather exert an anti-rust effect. Since now soap and actual soap fatty acids and Likewise, mineral oils for the purposes of drilling oil production are not used in sufficient quantities are, it was investigated whether certain synthetic special fatty acids for drilling oil production could be used as a soap substitute.

Es handelt sich in erster Linie um niedermolekulare Fettsäuren, die z. B. als Vorlauf bei der Destillation von synthetischen Parafünoxydationsprodukten abfallen und auf die flüssigen Paraffinbestandteile zurückgehen, oder die man durch Oxydation von wertlosen flüssigen Nebenerzeugnissen der Butanolsynthese gewinnen kann. Da diese Fettsäuren zwischen j und ri Kohlenstoffatome enthalten, lassen sie eine Verwendung für Waschzwecke nicht zu. Auch liegen sie in ihrem sonstigen Verhalten zwischen der bekanntlich Metalle stark angreifenden Essigsäure und den höheren Fettsäuren mit r2 bis rS Kohlenstofatomen, die metallschützend wirken und deshalb bislang zur Bohrölherstellung vorzugsweise in Frage kamen.It is primarily about low molecular weight fatty acids that z. B. as a forerun in the distillation of synthetic Parafünoxidationsprodukte fall off and go back to the liquid paraffin components, or which one goes through Obtain oxidation of worthless liquid by-products of butanol synthesis can. Since these fatty acids contain between j and ri carbon atoms, they leave use for washing purposes is not permitted. They also lie in their other behavior between acetic acid, which is known to attack metals, and the higher fatty acids with r2 to rS carbon atoms that protect against metal act and therefore up to now were preferred for the production of drilling oil.

Trotz der der Essigsäure näher stehenden, Bauweise dieser Säuren kann mit den Ammoniumsalzen oder einem Gemisch von Ammonium- und Alkalisalzen der genannten Fettsäuren von 5 bis i i Kohlenstoffatomen überraschenderweise eine vollkommen genügende Rostschutzwirkung erzielt werden, ohne daß ein Mineralölzusatz erforderlich ist.Despite the closer structure to acetic acid, these acids can with the ammonium salts or a mixture of ammonium and alkali salts of the above Fatty acids of 5 to i i carbon atoms surprisingly a completely sufficient one Rust preventive effect can be achieved without the need to add mineral oil.

Bei der Herstellung üblicher Kaliseifen, insbesondere überfetteter Kaliseifen aus diesen niederen Fettsäuren entstanden jedoch Konzentrate, die nicht den bisherigen Anforderungen an Bohröle entsprechen, weil sie nur mit einem ziemlichen Überschuß von Alkali blank sind, bei der vorzuziehenden geringen Alkalimenge dagegen so trüb bleiben, daß sie sich bei längerem Stehen unter Schichtenbildung .entmischen. Davon abgesehen sind solche Kaliverseifungsprodukte, ausschließlich angewendet, deshalb unbrauchbar, weil sie beim Verdünnen insbesondere mit hartem Wasser im Verhältnis von i : io sofort käsige Ausfällungen oder aber bei geringerer Alkalimenge Öltropfenbildung geben, was die praktische Verwendung beeinträchtigt.In the production of common potash soaps, especially over-greased ones Potash soaps, however, were made into concentrates from these lower fatty acids correspond to the previous requirements for drilling oils, because they can only be used with quite a Excess of alkali are bare, with the preferable low amount of alkali on the other hand remain so cloudy that if you stand for a long time they separate out to form layers. Apart from that, such potash saponification products are exclusively used therefore unusable, because when thinned they are particularly proportionate with hard water i: io immediately cheesy precipitates or, with a lower amount of alkali, oil droplets form give what affects practical use.

Es wurde nun gefunden, daß man bei Anwendung von wäßrigem Ammoniak an Stelle von oder neben Kalilauge innerhalb eines erheblichen Spielraums stets klare Bohröle bekommt, die beim Verdünnen auf das Zehnfache, auch mit hartem Wasser, .mehr oder weniger milchige Lösungen geben, ohne daß sich störende Öltropfen abscheiden oder käsige Niederschläge bilden. Man kann daher die mit Ammoniak allein oder unter Mitverwendung von Kalilauge aus den erfindungsgemäß anzuwendenden Fettsäuren hergestellten Bohröle beliebig lange lagern und ihre Verdünnungen beliebig lange durch Maschinen pumpen oder auch bei Arbeitsunterbrechungen stehen lassen, ohne daß Entmischungen auftreten oder die Pumpenventile verkleben und die Schmierwirkung der Lösung beeinträchtigt wird. Das gleiche gilt für Mischungen der Ammonseifenlösungen mit Natron-oder Kali-Natron-Seifen-Lösungen.It has now been found that when using aqueous ammonia in place of or in addition to potassium hydroxide solution always within a considerable margin gets clear drilling oils, which when diluted tenfold, even with hard water, . Give more or less milky solutions without separating disturbing oil droplets or form cheesy precipitates. One can therefore use the ammonia alone or under Concomitant use of potassium hydroxide produced from the fatty acids to be used according to the invention Store drilling oils for any length of time and their dilution by machines for any length of time pump or leave it to stand during work interruptions without segregation occur or the pump valves clog and impair the lubricating effect of the solution will. The same applies to mixtures of the ammonia soap solutions with soda or potash soda soap solutions.

Endlich kann man auch Zusätze vornehmen, die die Milchigkeit der verdünnten Lösungen und damit auch die Schmierwirkung noch erhöhen, wie Eiweißstoffe, deren Abbauprodukte oder Triäthanolamin. Darüber hinaus kann man auch zur weiteren Erhöhung der Milchigkeit Zink- oder Kupfersalze zufügen, so z. B. die Sulfate oder Chloride, aus denen sich anteilweise ein kolloidal verteiltes, fettsaures Zink bzw. Kupfer bildet, das besonders gut rostschützend und schmierend wirkt.Finally, one can also make additions to reduce the milkiness of the diluted Solutions and thus also increase the lubricating effect, such as proteins, their Degradation products or triethanolamine. In addition, you can also go to further increase add zinc or copper salts to the milkiness, e.g. B. the sulfates or chlorides, which partly make up a colloidally distributed, fatty acid zinc or copper which has a particularly good anti-rust and lubricating effect.

Folgende Übersicht dient der weiteren Erläuterung der Erfindung und gestattet die Bewertung verschieden zusammengesetzter Verseifungsprodukte. Synthetisches Fettsäurege- - misch Q, - Cli . . . . . . . . 25 GT 25 GT 25 GT 25 GT 25 GT 25 GT 25 GT 25 GT 25 GT Kalilauge 50'B6 . . . . . . . . 2o GT ! 15 GT 12 GT io GT Ammoniaklösung 25°/"`g . 2o GT. 15 GT 12 GT io GT 12 GT 2o GT Hornmehl-Kali-Abbau, ' 5o%iges Produkt ...... i 5 GT 5 GT Zinksulfat, kristallisiert, 4o°/"ige Lösung . . . . . . . 1o GT Wasser . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 GT 55 GT 6o GT 6o GT 63 GT 63 GT 55 GT 58 GT 4.o GT Beschaffenheit unverdünnt klar klar klar klar trüb klar klar klar klar i : io in Wasser von 2o° i D. H. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . käsige mil- ; Öl-, mil- Öl- mil- mil- stärker stark Ab chige tropfen ehige tropfen chige chige mil- I mil- schei-,Lösung: abge- Lösung` abge- Lösung Lösung chige I chige Jung schie- schie- LösunglLösung l den i Beurteilung . . . . . . . . . . . . . un- i gut un- gut, un- gut gut gut gut brauch-I brauch- `brauch- bar i i bar 1 1 bar . Wenn man die in der Tabelle als gut bezeichneten hlüssi@rkeiten mit @@'asser im iTr@rl,@ir- mit Wasser verdünnt in Berührung bringt, während bei Befeuchtung'mit Wasser allein starkes Rosten eintritt.The following overview serves to further explain the invention and allows the evaluation of saponification products of different compositions. Synthetic fatty acid gel - mix Q, - Cli. . . . . . . . 25 GT 25 GT 25 GT 25 GT 25 GT 25 GT 25 GT 25 GT 25 GT Potash 50'B6 . . . . . . . . 2o GT! 15 GT 12 GT io GT Ammonia solution 25 ° / "` g. 2o GT. 15 GT 12 GT io GT 12 GT 2o GT Horn meal potash mining, ' 50% product ...... i 5 GT 5 GT Zinc sulfate, crystallized, 40% solution....... 1o GT Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 GT 55 GT 6o GT 6o GT 63 GT 63 GT 55 GT 58 GT 4.o GT Consistency undiluted clear clear clear clear cloudy clear clear clear clear i: io in water of 20 ° i DH. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . cheesy mil-; Oil - Oil mild mild mild more strongly From chige drops chige drops chige chige mil- I mil- schei-, solution: removed- solution` removed- solution solution chige I chige Jung schieschie solution solution l the i Judgement . . . . . . . . . . . . . un- i good bad, bad good good good need-I need- `need- bar ii bar 1 1 bar. If you include the fluids marked as good in the table with @@ 'asser in the iTr @ rl, @ ir- brings into contact diluted with water, while when moistened with water alone, severe rusting occurs.

Claims (3)

PATENTANSPRÜCHE: . r. Verwendung von wäßrigen Lösungen von Ammoniak- oder Ammoniakalkaliseifen von 5 bis z r Kohlenstoffatome aufweisenden Fettsäuren oder Fettsäuregemischen, die durch Oxydation aus Paraffin erhalten wurden oder durch Oxydation der Nebenprodukte der Butanolsynthese gewinnbar sind, als Schmier- oder Kühlflüssigkeit für die spanabhebende Behandlung von Metallen. PATENT CLAIMS:. r. Use of aqueous solutions of ammonia or ammonia alkali soaps of 5 to 10 carbon atoms containing fatty acids or fatty acid mixtures obtained by oxidation from paraffin or by Oxidation of the by-products of butanol synthesis can be obtained as lubricants or Coolant for the machining treatment of metals. 2. Verwendung von wäßrigen Lösungen nach Anspruch z, mit Zusätzen von Eiweißstoffen oder deren Abbaustoffen als Schmier- oder Kühlflüssigkeiten für die spanabhebende Behandlung von Metallen. 2. Use of Aqueous solutions according to claim z, with additions of proteins or their degradation substances as lubricants or coolants for the machining treatment of metals. 3. Verwendung von wäßrigen Lösungen nach Anspruch r und 2, mit Zusätzen von Zink- oder Kupfersalzen als Schmier-oder Kühlflüssigkeiten für die spanabhebende Behandlung von Metallen.3. Use of aqueous solutions according to claim r and 2, with additions of zinc or copper salts as lubricants or coolants for the machining treatment of metals.
DEI66892D 1940-04-18 1940-04-18 Oil-free aqueous lubricants and coolants for the machining treatment of metals Expired DE738461C (en)

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DEI66892D DE738461C (en) 1940-04-18 1940-04-18 Oil-free aqueous lubricants and coolants for the machining treatment of metals

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1033825B (en) * 1957-01-31 1958-07-10 Hamker & Rieth Process for the production of transparent water-soluble metalworking and cooling concentrates
DE977492C (en) * 1951-12-26 1966-08-18 Bataafsche Petroleum Oil-free, aqueous lubricating, cutting and cooling fluids for metal cutting
DE1280454B (en) * 1960-08-23 1968-10-17 Montgomery H A Co Aqueous metalworking fluid

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE977492C (en) * 1951-12-26 1966-08-18 Bataafsche Petroleum Oil-free, aqueous lubricating, cutting and cooling fluids for metal cutting
DE1033825B (en) * 1957-01-31 1958-07-10 Hamker & Rieth Process for the production of transparent water-soluble metalworking and cooling concentrates
DE1280454B (en) * 1960-08-23 1968-10-17 Montgomery H A Co Aqueous metalworking fluid

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