DE7328515U - Grinding wheel - Google Patents

Description

Patent attorneys "nn?

^K t Dipl.-Ing. A. Grünecker 3 August 19 73

* Dr.-lng. H. Kin) r: i, 1äy

Dr .-!:; j. VV. ^ iuckmair ; . *; : ".. '.' . ' Γ *

8 Munich 22, MaximilianBt {. 49.. '. '', '■', '. '·'

Tyrolit-Schleifmittelwerlce Swarovski Ii.G, 6130 Se · .hw-ι ζ , Or.to. rrcich

Grinding wheel

The ivri'i. ndun ^ ο I refer to a grinding body \> ζ \ ί. öcrilfiij'i.ij itt'l um; Grinding iron with an inorganic or _c :; ...: iii; c: i) bond and at least one active filler.

F- ;; i.!: ■.!; OiTc fall Le li.nr.tl i in four H;.:. upt / jruppen:

1. Ina '. Live. · Before Γ i'Xl un ^ en (Piills fcof f e in the usual sense, see also υ Lin:.; t;.: to ff bau)

Vor · IeiJ .: Voi'u ij.li ^ ung through JJiudeiaJ ttelersparnis.

2. Vc.r.i '(:;' t: i ... ;; encc 'JiMiIl st of fe (A: i.niJ crum ₍ .; En e.g. G'l ^ .: jf iron, A :. ''■■;;.;1;, ο be νΐΐ Ό c i ι e no ο. 11 undül t α fj Ι ¹ 'ei liqueur η)

3. fillers to reduce the strength of the binding webs.

Advantage: softer grinding character of the disc

4. Active additives that increase the service life due to chemical and physical reactions of the sole grain and lead to a "cooler Schiixf".

Advantage: bare sole surface and improvement of the surface quality.

The use of active fillers in grinding bodies η is known. The task of these active fillers, consists in reacting with the fresh chip surface ef ι plague welding of the grinding chip on the grain or on the Preventing the workpiece and thus counteracting the build-up of build-up, protecting the cutting edges of the abrasive grain from reacting with the Weiksfcoff and thereby ensuring the longest possible service life for the abrasive grain ensure that the friction between the grain and the material is reduced and that which occurs during the grinding process To absorb frictional heat in the form of melting, evaporation, sublimation and diaociation heat

The following active fillers come into consideration: organic and inorganic compounds which, with regard to the materials to be removed, are highly reactive (material-active) elements contain or such elements themselves as well as their mixtures and their mixtures with compounds, for example elements of the 5th, 6th and 7th main group of the periodic table, as they are already in a similar form as Hoohdruok additives for lubricants or al » Solid lubricants are known.

ζ. B. sulfur, metal sulfides, halides. MeS _k

MeHal

MeS _k + (Og) ₁ »MeO _m + η SO ₂

In the sole bodies known today, the fillers are chemically or physically incorporated as evenly as possible into the binding webs of the same «

This is based on the Herate method:

1. Moisten the abrasive grain with a wetting agent e.g. liquid phenolic resols

2. Mixing the powdered binder with the fillers.

3. Cover the wetted grain with the powder mixture (Achievement of a pourable mixture as possible)

4. Forming - pressing - firing.

Therefore, during the grinding process, a large part of the material is evenly distributed throughout the entire bond area active fillers are not used directly at the actual cutting point, as they are from the actual contact zone of the respective sole grain are removed.

In addition, the number of active fillers that can be used is severely limited, since all of them are hygroscopic and all substances that are liquid or volatile at the hardening temperature of the binding agent are eliminated because of the associated weakening of the binding web.

It is therefore the object of the invention to provide an abrasive body in which the active fillers are used optimally and are better utilized

- is. -

be and also the use of substances is made possible as active filler, which were not or only suitable to this day by special encapsulation for _f oDwohl they are grinding technically highly effective "

This is achieved according to the invention in that the active filler or fillers are wholly or partially in and / or on the abrasive grain.

According to the invention, both the use of porous abrasive grain is provided, the pore space for Entirely or partially filled with active filler as well as the use of normal, non-porous Abrasive grain, rich according to the invention? with one at the grain applied active filler coating is provided is the degree of filling essentially from the manufacturing process addicted. According to the invention, the casing has exclusively or at least mainly grinding-active character, in contrast to this 3U known Kornuin sheaths, which are exclusively of influencing dec adhesion of the grain in the abrasive bond and serve to improve the heat transfer between grain and bond. (e.g. * silanizing the grain, Coated with a ceramic or inorganic coat with granular contained therein wholly or partially inert substances such as metal oxides.

It is according to the invention when using hygroscopic, liquid or subliming fillers envisage the above porous and the filler-encased, to enclose normal grinding tools with a sealing coating

Of course, the coordination of the above possibilities is also the subject of the invention. Furthermore, in the filler known per se to improve the mechanical and thermal properties of the jacket Adhesion promoters or binders are incorporated. It is also possible to use some of the active fillers in a manner known per se, as previously described, to be incorporated into the bond.

Various exemplary embodiments of the invention are described below with reference to the figures in the accompanying drawing described in detail without the invention being limited thereto. Likewise, those in the following The reference signs cited in the claims do not imply any restriction; they only serve to make things easier Find related parts in the figures of the drawing.

FIGS. 1 to 5 each show schematic excerpts from an abrasive article according to the invention.

In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1, the abrasive bodies 1 stored in the binder 2 are covered with a filler material 3 'and stored as a whole in the binder 2.

Below is a list of an exemplary compilation of such a grinding wheel according to the invention:

Specification in percent by weight

AIpO, normal corundum (24meeh 80 #

Cryolite melted onto the grain as a coat. . . 7 #

¹ - 6 '- "' *

Phenol-formaldehyde resin, liquid - Resole _β 4%

Phenol-formaldehyde resin, powder (Novolak-Hexa) .., .. 9%

Density of the disk 2.4-5 g / cnr

2 shows an embodiment of the invention in which porous abrasive grains, for example sintered corundum or also porous fused corundum, are used. In the exemplary embodiment, the pore space of the abrasive grains 1 is almost completely impregnated with the actual filler 3. The abrasive grains Λ are with the filler? again stored as a whole in the binder 2.

Below is a list of one embodiment x ^r orgehend described:

Figures in weight percentages

Porous corundum AIpO, with approx. 20%
Pore space of about 80% with elementary

Sulfur filled, mesh 24-87%

Phenol-formaldehyde resin, liquid 4%

Phenol-formaldehyde resin, powder form 9%

Density of the disk 2.4-5 g / cnr

Both of the exemplary embodiments described above enable the filler to be applied directly to the chip surface

can attack, causing a substantial extension of the Service life of the grinding wheel and a cooler grinding was achieved.

The embodiment of FIG. 3 is in use of hygroscopic, subliming or liquid Fillers provided. Similar to the embodiment of FIG. 2, porous abrasive grains are used. the Abrasive grains 1 are each impregnated with the fillers 3, whereupon the abrasive grains with a dense organic or inorganic sheath 4 are surrounded. The abrasive grains encapsulated in this way are in turn stored in the binder 2.

The following is an example of a composition of such an abrasive article according to the invention:

Information given in weight

Porous corundum Al _o 0 _z with approx. 20% pore space, 85% with zinc chloride ZnClp

is filled, mesh 24 86.5%

Epoxy resin, liquid resin hardener system 0.5%

Phenol-formaldehyde resin, liquid * 4.0%

Phenol-formaldehyde resin, powder form 9.0%

Density of the disk 2.45 g / cnr

mm Q

In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 4, porous corundum is also used, the pore space of which is completely or partially filled by the filler 3; however, the casing 3 * also has filler properties. It is entirely within the scope of the invention to use, for example, two fillers, the pore space of the refractory grains 1 being filled with hygroscopic fillers, while a filler with sealing properties is used as the ^{casing 3 1.}

Below again an embodiment of an inventive Grinding wheel of the previous version ι "play it:

Information in percent by weight

Porous Zorund Alp / -, with approx. 20%
Pore space that is 80% _{filled with sodium chloride NaCl 2} 84%

Coat Kyrolith 3%

Phenol-formaldehyde resin, liquid 4%

Phenol-forraaldehyde resin, powder form 9%

Density of the disk 2.45 g / cnr

FIG. 5 shows an exemplary embodiment which essentially corresponds to that of FIG. 4, but the outer filler ^{jacket 3 1} is also surrounded by a purely sealing jacket 4 without any filler properties.

The data given in the belonging to the embodiments statements relate to a disk 150 χ 25 x 20. The mixture was in each case pressed into molds, and in the oven at temperatures up to 180 ⁰ C under bound for phenolic resin discs usual conditions cured.

The advantages of the grinding wheel according to the invention are obvious. The fillers are used exactly where the actual grinding process takes place, namely in the grinding zone of the abrasive grain. The exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 3 to _5f, which also create the possibility of using hygroscopic, subliming or liquid substances as fillers, bring a further and essential advantage.

This means a significant expansion of the filler substances previously available to your producer, which allows a wide selection in terms of value for money, in addition to the fact that the invention Grinding wheel in itself already brings a cost reduction, since in relation to before known sole bodies with a much lower Amount of fillers better effects can be achieved

Apart from economic advantages, the

better utilization of fillers has significant environmental benefits; on the one hand, the so far in large Measure used, sometimes pollutant-releasing substances can be used in greatly reduced quantities with the same sole effect, on the other hand, a whole Range of harmless, but so far inapplicable fillers can be used.

One of the main advantages of the invention is that it can be used with any type of abrasive grain It means there is no restriction as to whether, for example, corundum, zirconium corundum, spinel cone, Carbides such as silicon carbide, boro-carbide, Hutride, diamond or the like are used

The term abrasive is intended in the broadest sense to rer * grinding segments and rocking stones, for example, will also fall within the scope of the inventive idea.

In the context of the invention, the term abrasive includes, for example, sanding paper, abrasive cloth, Abrasive fleece, sole fiber and the like ».

Claims (7)

1. Abrasives or abrasives made from abrasive grain ait an inorganic or organic bond and at least one active filler, thereby ge ' indicates that sioh the active IHiIlotoffe (3) 3 ') in whole or in part in and / or on the abrasive grain (1). 2 · Abrasive body according to claim !, characterized by porous abrasive grain (1), the pore space of which is completely or partially filled with active filler (3) \ is. 3 · Abrasive body according to claim 1 "characterized that the abrasive grain (1) has an active Püllstoffraantel (3 *). 4th abrasive body according to claim 2 or 3 »daduroh characterized in that the abrasive grains (1) a« sealing Have casing (4). 5 * Abrasive body, according to claim 4, daduroh marked * that the sealing jacket (4) has pulletoff properties. 6. Abrasive body according to claims Z or 3t daduroh characterized in that the filler (3.3 *) is material-active. 7. Abrasives naoh claim 4 »daduroh marked, that hygroscopic, liquid or subliming substances are used as active filler (3,3 ') * 8 «grinding body according to claim 4, characterized in that that the sealing jacket (4) of organic and / or inorganic polymers is formed. 9 · Abrasive body according to claim 5, characterized in that the sealing coating (4) is made of organic or inorganic polymers, the material-active elements and / oier compounds or their mixtures keep being formed.