DE708383C - Vertical furnace for producing tar-free generator gas from vegetable, tar-containing fuels - Google Patents

Description

Vertical furnace for producing a tar-free generator gas Vegetable, tar-containing fuels In the previously common gas generators for vegetable, tar-containing fuels; such as wood, wood waste, peat and the like, the gasification takes place in such a way that the above the combustion zone forming tar vapors and smoldering gases with descending gasification by suitable devices of the gas generator, such as double fire or special stove constructions, in simple Hydrocarbons are decomposed. In this way one is able to maintain the same Load to achieve a tar-free gas without cleaning with tar spinners or similar aids can be burned in the gas engine.

Also known are vertical ovens with a hollow, internally heated Trickle body for degassing fuels. With these, however, both the Le.itringsystem as well as the jacket that closes off the furnace to the outside with insulating stones or a Thermal insulation compound protected against thermal radiation, so that a separation of liquid tar in the vicinity of its formation is not possible.

Also known is a wood gas generator with a cooling device for Separation and discharge of separated liquid components. With this Facility is not removed tar from the smoldering gases, but essentially the water and wood vinegar vapors rising before the actual smoldering. s, too it is not new to start a smoldering process with separation of the fuel of tar, smoldering water and smoldering gas and the resulting Then gasifying coke. The present invention aims. to produce a completely tar-free generator gas from the fuels mentioned and except- . The teerigeri components contained in the gas with the greatest possible preservation to get their original composition. To achieve this goal the vertical furnace is designed in such a way, cla1 :) the upper part from a at @ihiiliclicti G @ .serzeu; - the well-known, internally heated Riesell; örrer for smoldering of the fuel, which, however, differs from dsigrgeij from a cooled one Mantle is surrounded, wiil, rcnd iai lower part from the Scli @ ccll; ol; s C @ cncratorgas will be produced. The @ -shaking takes place in the bolt body in stages Frosted. The vapors generated in the individual stages condense immediately Connection to the Schwelu.ng on the cooled # NI jacket walls; those in the individual The tar fractions produced by the carbonization stages - #cerdone appropriately collected separately and derived.

A description of the subject matter of the invention is given below Drawing i reproduced. The furnace consists of a brick shaft a in which a furnace, most expediently a gas burner b, is arranged below. On the A chimney is placed on the upper end of the shaft to generate the necessary To-it in the shaft. Around the shaft there is a to accommodate the gas to be gasified Fuel specific annular space c formed in the above by filling devices (l the fuel can be introduced. The outer side walls of the annular space consist of individual conical inserts c. Outside of these stakes is the Generator jacket. f arranged by the outside air or by a water jacket is cooled.

By the heating effect Q of the shaft, the degassing of the from above causes downward in the annular space downward glcitenden fuel, which thereby released tar vapors, smoldering gases and smoldering water vapors in the shortest possible way through the fuel layer through the result of the conical design the inserts formed ÜfYungen c escape. The fumes come immediately with the gel; iililt outer shell f in contact and as a result condense there very much fast. The condensate running down on the inside of the jacket, especially the tar, is caught by smaller channels k attached to the inside of the sheet metal, whereby the individual tar types, which arise in different temperature zones, are separated can be derived. The smoldering water vapors and the smoldering gas escape in - A cooling i, where the vaporous constituents condense, while the carbonization gases be sucked off through a special pipe.

The coke created in your annular space r falls through after passing through the zone k in a gas ore: gcrl, which rusts down in a known manner by a rust is completed and in your the coke in iililiclicr manner by introduction of Air and water vapors are gasified. Part of the generator gas produced here and the swelling gas that forms in your core part is burned in burner b, in order to free the heat that is used to generate the required smoldering temperatures do. From the lower part k of the hanging space c in the smoldering part, part of the there corhandenc: n coke can be removed through openings n without this in the Gaserzetigerl arrives.

In the gas generator described, it is possible to gasify from the zti Fuel high-quality, certiges SchiS-elgas, generator gas and other by-products, such as tar, coke, etc. to produce. In particular, there will be a high tar yield result, which is due to the fact that the tar vapors generated in numerous stages can be brought to condensation immediately in a cooled room by the shortest route and as a result can only partially decompose. By the arrangement made the drainage channels h can collect cersclücdene fractions from the outset will.

The temperature in the smoldering shaft can be adjusted by setting the burner b a well regulate and supervise, so that the orderly Scliwelteniperatitren easily can be complied with.

Claims (2)

PATRN CLAIMS: t. Vertical oven for making a tar-free Generator gas from vegetable, tar-containing fuels with the production of liquid Smoldering products, characterized in that the older part of the oven consists of a internally heated bolt body to the gay of the fuel stole, which is from a chilled coat is surrounded. 2. Vertical furnace according to claim t, characterized in that that in the annulus z \ c-isclien jacket and locking body at intervals collecting plates are installed, which collect the condensate running off the cooled jacket walls and dissipate to the outside.