DE595739C - Method and device for gasifying fine-grained fuel with introduction into the coarse coke column of a gas generator - Google Patents

Description

Method and device for gasifying fine-grained fuel with an introduction to the coarse coke column of a gas generator The bei, the brown coal smoldering Accruing Grudekoks as well as other fine-grain fuel such as fine coal and coke breeze and the like, is difficult to use as a fuel because of its dense storage use. Even the gasification of these fine-grained substances are the same Basically facing great difficulties.

There are now many proposals for the gasification of fine-grained Fuel made, e.g. B. in such a way that finely ground fuel is heated by high empty retort falls freely and is gasified in the presence of superheated steam, while the solid residues are picked up by a hearth fire. Here would have to however, in order to enable gasification when falling in free space, the fuel be dusty and, as with pulverized coal firing, would have to be processed first be subjected to; then here is also the power on the cross-sectional area calculated, very little and the gas produced very inferior, like such experiments have proven in practice.

In the present method, however, the fine fuel should be such as Grudekoks or coke bruises can be used as they are produced. This material needs but a certain time for heating and gasification and therefore can not be outdoors Case to be gassed. It is also proposed to use the fine-grain fuel during the blowing period through the blast air into the lower part of the fuel bed of a generator. However, the main purpose of this is the fuel to supplement the solid fuel during the blowing periods.

It is also known to use fine-grained fuel for the purpose of avoidance of edge fires to fill up the as a result of the loose storage of the coke at the To use damaging cavities caused by shaft walls. Again, it won't the express purpose pursued, the fine fuel in abundant proportions for to make the gasification usable., A French patent has also become known Fine fuel by means of compressed air through pipes into the glow zone of a metal melting furnace to blow in. This fine fuel is brought in layers in coarse pieces Fuel and melted material are blown and used to reduce the carbonized material. Of the The purpose here is therefore a completely different one than in the case at hand. The fine fuel is fed through thin pipes, so the ring shaft falls, in which the fuel is already preheated and pre-gasified, continue; then exists the propellant not from superheated steam for the purpose of gas formation, but from air for the purpose of burning the fuel for production the required high temperature.

Even the gasification of the fine-grained material in thin layers or in rotating drums with a wide variety of movement and circulation mechanisms, among others. m. has not yet produced any practically useful results.

The present invention is intended to avoid using the simplest means intricate, wear-and-tear constructions and cumbersome heating processes perfect gasification of the fine-grained material can be achieved.

According to the invention, the gasification of the fine-grained material takes place in a gas generator in such a way that it is in the shaft as one of the lumpy Fuel existing inner core ring-shaped surrounding column entered and out this by means of steam jets into the cavities between the fuel pieces of the Inner core is blown, creating a fine distribution and good heating and In the case of water gas companies, a predominant gasification of the fine-grained material to useful gas is achieved, while the coarse coke mainly serves as a heat transfer medium.

For this purpose, as can be seen from Figs. I and 3, in The generator shaft formed two fuel columns, namely in the middle of the core of the shaft a made of coarse coke and, surrounding it, the annular shaft b loaded with fine-grained material. The upper part of the shaft a is a retort c executed, which produces a tight seal with respect to the ring shaft b1. The delimitation of the middle ring shaft part b from the core shaft a can be be done in various ways, e.g. B. by a circular masonry dl, in - which, on Circumference and height distributed, corresponding slots x for the fine grain to emerge in the inner core shaft are arranged. Then it can also be through a number of cheeks d the coke core was only delimited to a limited extent from the ring shaft the number of cheeks is to be chosen so that a too extensive displacement coke does not enter the ring shaft chambers. Figs. I and z represent in the Floor plans represent two different designs.

The lower shaft part a1 does not have a surrounding annular space u% d forms the reduction zone for the carbonic acid initially formed during gasification.

The charging of the generator shafts with coke takes place at the top in the Center through nozzle e. The charging of the annulus with coke breeze is expedient at two or three places through nozzles f evenly distributed over the annular space b1. By making poke holes you can a slight leveling of the property can also be effected.

The fuel is preheated in the annular space b1 and reaches the Ring shaft b or in the fields of the shaft formed by the cheeks d. in the in the latter case the cheeks are pointed at the top, so that they can easily fall off of the material is made possible.

In the outer shaft masonry, distributed around the circumference, a number of nozzle slots l are arranged at the height of the shaft, into which steam nozzles h open, by means of which the fine fuel through the openings x or the chambers formed by the cheeks d in the annular shaft into the core shaft is thrown.

The generator is still with a grate in and slag door ia and connecting piece for wind inlet and gas outlet o provided.

The hot-blowing of the coke column is carried out in the usual way in the water-gas plant Way from the bottom up. As a result of the loose storage of the coke in the core shaft the wind will rise in this, without the fine-grained good also with the inside to touch the open ring shaft divided by cheeks. This will rather, it is mainly heated by radiant heat.

The bubble gases also pass through the retort on their way up and thereby preheat the fuel in the ring shaft b1. After they left From the generator, the gases are fed to a superheater p, in which they are after Supply of secondary air can be completely burned. The heat developed in the process is absorbed by a heat accumulator and is used to overheat the water gas generation required steam as well as for gasification of oil or tar to enrich the generated Mixed gas.

During the following gas period, the highly superheated water vapor becomes supplied to the distribution lines i. The steam passes through nozzles h or slots Z, penetrates the fine-grained material and hurls it into the coke core. at the inner ring shaft is the fine material through the slots x in the coke core centrifuged, `wherein the steam is expediently introduced tangentially into the annular space b will.

The fine material fills any hollow space in the coke column so spread over the large surface of the coke and quickly heated up. Corresponding the gasification is always new fuel through the Refilled with steam. There is no regulation of the amount of fuel in this way necessary, as this arises automatically depending on the available gaps. Since the water gas reaction only takes place on the surface of the coke anyway, in this way, the deposited coke breeze will primarily be gasified. Corresponding the pushed out fuel will immediately trickle down from above. In the Penetration of the glowing fine material by the highly superheated steam a certain gasification of the fine grain has already been achieved.

Now about a waste of the fine-grained material through burning and ejection to avoid, but on the other hand again as much as possible for the bladder period To have loose coke column, according to the invention, the steam is only in the first half of the gas period sent through the nozzles l; during the second half During the gas period, the steam is shut off from the nozzles and this is fed into the nozzle at the top e introduced. The steam now passes through the coke column from top to bottom and so gasifies the fine-grained fuel still stored in this, so that on End, the gas period or at the beginning of the subsequent bubble period only if possible There is little coke breeze in the coke column and the fan wind is light again Has passage. The rest will. when heated up with burned. During the second Half of the gas period, the material in the ring shaft is largely preheated again.

The gas mixture generated in the middle zone now passes through the hot reduction zone a1 downwards, the carbonic acid being largely reduced to carbon oxides. That Gas leaves the generator through a nozzle or the like.

The gas can also be easily obtained by gasifying oil or tar in the superheater p are highly enriched, so that this gas system can also be supplied with a cheap town gas of normal calorific value can be used.

Claims (6)

PATENT CLAIMS: i. Process for gasifying fine-grained fuel introducing the coarse-story coke column of a gas generator, characterized in that, that the fine-grained fuel the gas generator in a known manner as a the coarse coke laterally surrounding column fed and from this by steam jets is pressed into the cavities of the coke column. 2. Method of gasification of fine-grain fuel according to claim i in the water gas process with multi-layered hot blowing and gases, characterized in that the coarse coke is sprinkled with fine-grain fuel by means of superheated steam: just open the nozzles approximately the first half of the gassing period is extended while in the latter half the gas period, the steam is introduced into the shaft from above, whereby a Post-gasification of the fine-grain material stored in the coke column is achieved and any remaining residues are burned during the subsequent blowing period. 3. Device for carrying out the method according to claim i and 2, characterized in that that the annular space (b) for the fine-grained fuel at the level of the gasification zone from the space for the coarse fuel (a) through through openings (x) openwork masonry (dl) is separated, while in the outer wall passage slots (l) are intended for the steam. q .. Device for carrying out the method according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the annular space (b) is subdivided by a number of firebrick cheeks (d). 5. Facility for carrying out the procedure according to claims i and 2, characterized in that the annular shaft (b) only down to the end of the shaft (a) and below the latter a shaft (a1) is provided for the reduction of carbon dioxide. 6. Facility for execution of the method according to claims i and 2, characterized in that the steam distribution pipes (i) be laid within the outer isolation room.