DE697949C - Process for the production of hydrocarbon oils from coals, tars, mineral oils, their distillation or extraction products - Google Patents

Description

A process for the production of hydrocarbon oils, from coal tars, mineral oils, their distillation and extraction products in the main patent 695,209 pre $ is chlagen, in the preparation of valuable hydrocarbons from coals, tars, mineral oils, their distillation and extraction products and residues by treatment with hydrogen in flowing state at elevated temperature and under pressure to use halides of copper, silver, zinc, tin, titanium, rhenium, nickel, cobalt or iron together with halogen or hydrogen halide as catalysts.

It has now been found that the cracking pressure hydrogenation mentioned substances achieved consistently high yields over long periods of operation if tinammonium chloride is used as a catalyst together with halogen or hydrogen halide is used.

The tin ammonium chloride can be ground or dissolved, possibly also on carriers such as active charcoal, activated green, pumice stone, Fuller's earth or potsherds are added to the starting material. Sometimes it is expediently, the catalyst only after heating up the starting material to the reaction temperature to be supplied at one or more points of the apparatus. When processing high-boiling or non-distillable starting materials, e.g. B. of coals, carbonaceous Residues, asphalt, pitch or resins, it is beneficial to: the catalyst in finely ground state in the amount of e.g. B. o, oi to io ° / o, in particular o, oi up to 3 ° / o to be added. The starting materials are expediently used together with the catalyst passed continuously through the reaction furnace. The tin ammonium chloride can be used either in the raw material to be treated or in an asphalt-free or resin-free one Medium oil can be used in suspension.

The second catalyst component is halogen or hydrogen halide is the starting material or the hydrogenation gas before preheating or after this or expediently in the reaction vessel itself, if appropriate in several places, in amounts from o, oi to 5% added. You can also mix halogen with organic Halogen compounds, e.g. B. carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, methyl, ethyl, methylene or ethylene chloride, bromide or iodide or chlorine, Bromine or jad compounds of benzene or toluene, use, the halogen can also be dissolved in Shape, e.g. B. in an organic solvent can be used.

In addition to the catalysts mentioned, other catalytically active catalysts can also be used Metal compounds are added.

The working conditions are those customary for the pressure-splitting hydrogenation. ES come temperatures of Zoo to 6oo ° and pressures of at 2o to, suitably at 50 to Zoo or more, eg. B. 5oo at, in question.

Example Finely ground hard coal is mixed with o, i ofo tin ammonium chloride, made into a paste with a heavy oil from the same coal in the ratio i: i, heated to 60 ° together with hydrogen under a pressure of 250 atm in a gas-heated preheater and then introduced into a 450 mm wide reaction vessel. 0.7% ofo chlorine, based on coal, is introduced into this vessel. The reaction products are broken down in a separator into more volatile components, heavy oil and solid substances. The mining of coal is 96 ofo; the liquefaction product contains 62% to 325 ° boiling components.

Claims (1)

PATENT CLAIM: Process for the production of hydrocarbon oils from coals, tars, mineral oils, their distillation or extraction products according to main patent 695 2o9 by treatment with hydrogen at elevated temperature under pressure, in the presence of tin halides together with halogen or hydrogen halide, characterized in that the starting materials are made using tin ammonium chloride together with halogen or hydrogen halide as a catalyst for the cracking pressure hydrogenation be subjected.