DE695588C - oden for unloading devices - Google Patents

oden for unloading devices

Info

Publication number
DE695588C
DE695588C DE1936A0080738 DEA0080738D DE695588C DE 695588 C DE695588 C DE 695588C DE 1936A0080738 DE1936A0080738 DE 1936A0080738 DE A0080738 D DEA0080738 D DE A0080738D DE 695588 C DE695588 C DE 695588C
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
oden
unloading devices
carbon
production
water gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DE1936A0080738
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Dipl-Ing Guenther Dobke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AEG AG
Original Assignee
AEG AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by AEG AG filed Critical AEG AG
Priority to DE1936A0080738 priority Critical patent/DE695588C/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE695588C publication Critical patent/DE695588C/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01JELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J13/00Discharge tubes with liquid-pool cathodes, e.g. metal-vapour rectifying tubes
    • H01J13/02Details
    • H01J13/04Main electrodes; Auxiliary anodes
    • H01J13/16Anodes; Auxiliary anodes for maintaining the discharge
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25BELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B11/00Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
    • C25B11/04Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
    • C25B11/042Electrodes formed of a single material
    • C25B11/043Carbon, e.g. diamond or graphene
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01JELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J2893/00Discharge tubes and lamps
    • H01J2893/0072Disassembly or repair of discharge tubes
    • H01J2893/0088Tubes with at least a solid principal cathode and solid anodes
    • H01J2893/009Anode systems; Screens
    • H01J2893/0091Anode supporting means

Description

Verfahren zur Herstellung von reinen Graphitelektroden für Entladungsapparate Es wurde gefunden, daß an den Reinheitsgrad von Graphit für Elektrodeo. von Vakuumentladungsgefäßen außerordentlich hohe Anforderungen gestellt werden müssen. Die Spexrfähigkeit von Quecksilberdampfgleichrichtern ist in der Hauptsache von dem Gehalt der Elektroden an alkalischen. und erdalkalischen Bestandteilen abhängig. Diese _Verunr.einigungen bilden Emissionszentren, da sie nur eine sehr geringe. Austrittsarbeit leisten und .bei den Betriebstemperatuzen thermisch oder unter der Wirkung hoher Feldstärken Elektronen aussenden, die eine Rückzündung einleiten können.Process for the production of pure graphite electrodes for discharge devices It has been found that the degree of purity of graphite for electrode o. of vacuum discharge vessels extraordinarily high demands must be made. The Spexrability of Mercury vapor rectifiers is mainly based on the content of the electrodes of alkaline. and alkaline earth components. These _pollutions form emission centers because they are only very small. Do work and .at operating temperatures thermally or under the effect of high field strengths Emit electrons that can initiate backfire.

Es sind bereits zahlreiche Verfahren zur Reinigung des in der Natur vorkommenden Graphits angegeben worden, aber die zu überwindenden Schwierigkeiten sind so groß, daß selbst bei, sorgfältigster Abtrennung der Verunreinigungen von den Ausgangsmaterialien der erzielte Reinigungsgrad noch ungenügend ist. Man ist deshalb dazu übergegangen, als Ausgangsprodukt aus gasförmigen Kohlenstoffverbindungen in bekannter Weise abgespaltenen Kohlenstoff zu verwenden. Zu diesem Zweck kann z. B. Wassergas, Methan oder Benzol verwendet werden. Der so erhahene Kohlenstoff allein genügt jedoch bekanntlich noch nicht zur Herstellung fester Formkörper. Der Kohlenstoff muß vielmehr mit einem Bindemittel versetzt werden, das beim Graphitieren u. a. in Kohlenstoff zerfällt. Zu diesem Zweck wurden bisher Teere oder ähnliche Kohlenwasiserstoffe verwendet, die jedoch stets geringe Mengen von Alkalien oder Erdalkalien enthalten, die nur sehr schwierig und unvollkommen entfernt werden können. Man hat ferner versucht, zu diesen Zweck Zucker zu verwenden, der durch wiederholte Umkristallisation möglichst weitgehend gereinigt worden war. Für die Herstellung von Elektradenkohlen hat man als Ausgangsmaterial auch bereits Kohleextrakte wegen ihres geringen Aschegehaltes verwendet. Aber auch in dieser Weise gelang es nicht, mit dem erzielten Reinheitsgrad des Bindemittels zu einem befriedigenden Resultat zu kommen. Es wurde festgestellt, daß. auch dieser erzielte Reinheitsgrad noch - ungenügend war. Erfindungsgemäß werden deshalb als Bindemittel für den aus gasförmigen Kohlenstoffverbindungen in bekannter Weise . abc gespaltenen reinen Kohlenstoff in bekannter Weise aus Wassergas hergestellte synthetische Kohlenwasserstoffe verwendet. Als Ausgangsprodukt eignet sich Wassergas deshalb besonders gut, weil es vollkommen alkali- und erdalkalifrei ist, während die natürlichen festen, flüssigen oder gasförmigen Kahlenwasserstaffe stets eine geringe Menge an Alkalien und Erdalkalien enthalten.Numerous processes for purifying naturally occurring graphite have already been specified, but the difficulties to be overcome are so great that even with the most careful separation of the impurities from the starting materials, the degree of purification achieved is still insufficient. There has therefore been a transition to using carbon split off in a known manner as the starting product from gaseous carbon compounds. For this purpose, z. B. water gas, methane or benzene can be used. However, it is known that the carbon obtained in this way alone is not sufficient for the production of solid moldings. Rather, the carbon must be mixed with a binding agent that breaks down into carbon during graphitization, among other things. For this purpose, tars or similar hydrocarbons have hitherto been used, but they always contain small amounts of alkalis or alkaline earths, which can only be removed with great difficulty and incompletely. Attempts have also been made to use sugar for this purpose which has been purified as far as possible by repeated recrystallization. For the production of electric carbons, coal extracts have already been used as a starting material because of their low ash content. But even in this way it was not possible to achieve a satisfactory result with the achieved degree of purity of the binder. It was found that. even this achieved degree of purity was still insufficient. According to the invention, therefore, as a binder for the gaseous carbon compounds in a known manner . abc split pure carbon is used in a known manner produced from water gas synthetic hydrocarbons. Water gas is particularly suitable as a starting product because it is completely free of alkali and alkaline earth, while natural solid, liquid or gaseous hydrocarbons always contain a small amount of alkalis and alkaline earths.

Claims (1)

PATENTANSPRU CII Verfahren zur Herstellung von reinen Graphitelektroden für Entladungsapparate durch Formen eines durch thermische Spaltung von gasförmigen Kohlens.toffverbi:üdungen gewonnenen reinen Kohlenstoffes mit einem Bindemittel und anschließendes Graphitieren, gekennzeichnet durch die Verwendung von aus Wassergas hergesitelltezi synthetischen Kohlenwasserstoffen als Bindemittel.PATENT CLAIM CII Process for the production of pure graphite electrodes for discharge apparatus by forming a gas through thermal cracking Kohlens.toffverbi: üdungen obtained pure carbon with a binding agent and subsequent graphitization, characterized by the use of water gas manufactured using synthetic hydrocarbons as binders.
DE1936A0080738 1936-10-14 1936-10-14 oden for unloading devices Expired DE695588C (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1936A0080738 DE695588C (en) 1936-10-14 1936-10-14 oden for unloading devices

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1936A0080738 DE695588C (en) 1936-10-14 1936-10-14 oden for unloading devices

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE695588C true DE695588C (en) 1940-08-28

Family

ID=6948122

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE1936A0080738 Expired DE695588C (en) 1936-10-14 1936-10-14 oden for unloading devices

Country Status (1)

Country Link
DE (1) DE695588C (en)

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