DE6917453U - BUILDING ELEMENT, IN PARTICULAR BRICK. - Google Patents

Description

Patent attorney

7 socket W. Klopf aiatr. β

Association of Swiss Bricks in Zurich

and stone manufacturers, (Switzerland)

Construction element, especially brick

The invention relates to a component, in particular a brick, which has the overall thickness in the direction of the passage of the furnace B and is provided with two transverse edge webs of thickness b extending transversely to the heat transfer direction, between where η parallel to the transverse webs running air layers of the thickness x, one behind the other, which are separated from each other separated by (n-1) transverse intermediate webs of thickness s are provided.

The thermal insulation of a wall construction is an essential one Factor in assessing the quality of a building. To with homogeneous wall constructions, for example made of bricks to obtain adequate thermal insulation, j wall thicknesses of around 30 cm are required in most cases.

To improve the thermal insulation properties of components, for example Building panels and building blocks, various methods are already known.

A very common practice is to add the components to porose. In the case of ceramic components, this is done by adding burn-out or vaporizable substances Mass of material from which the components are made. In the case of cement-bound construction elements, light, porous aggregates or gas-forming additives are added to the concrete to make it porous End products too. obtain.

A disadvantage of these known methods is, on the one hand, the sometimes considerable technical and economic outlay, the for porosity of the components is necessary. On the other hand, the resilience of the components is due to the porosity Part considerably reduced.

Finally, it is also known, the thermal insulation of building elements to be increased by arranging air ducts in the components transversely to the direction of heat transfer. Shape, size and arrangement of the air ducts, apart from certain material and production-related conditions, purely empirical set. The components designed in this way are in some cases very inadequate in terms of their thermal insulation.

The purpose of the invention is to provide a component of the aforementioned To create kind that no longer has the above disadvantages and its air layer arrangement for given certain Values for the total thickness of the component and the thickness of the transverse edge webs and the thickness of the transverse intermediate webs are always one results in optimal thermal insulation.

It has now been found that the intended purpose at the beginning mentioned according to the invention. Component, especially brick, is surprisingly achieved when for a given Values for the total thickness B, the thickness b of the transverse edge webs and the thickness s of the transverse intermediate webs the number η of Air layers equal to the size n 'of the equations rounded up to the next larger or preferably next smaller whole number

, __ O-idO + S

S 9; 7-K; .- 6 * 71

Since a larger number of air layers cannot be accommodated in a component, it is necessary to choose one of the two integers as the realizable number η, between which the theoretically found number n ¹ lies. ^{The value of the theoretical number n 1} rounded down to the next smaller whole number is preferably chosen as the number η. This value comes closer to the optimum of the thermal resistance than in the rounded up case. For practical cases, however, components with very good thermal resistance are still obtained if the theoretical number n ^{1 rounded up to the next larger whole number is selected as the number η}

The present component, in particular the brick, can consist of any material or materials and have any dimensions. As soon as the values usually related to construction and / or production technology for the big ones:

Total thickness B

Transverse edge web thickness b transverse intermediate web thickness s

are fixed, the theoretical optimal number n ^{1 of} the air layers can be determined from equation I and the actual number η can be determined. The air layer thickness X results from equation II:

χ =

B-2b + (l-n) s

The thermal resistance 1 of the η air layers is then obtained from equation III

= B-2b + s
_{x + 5}

0.236 x
4.03 + x

(III)

69-.V4 -: -

• 6. "71

To the V / ärmedurchlassv / iderstar.d _1 of the said 3auelerr.er.res

Ag

to be determined, the heat transmission resistance 1 of the material portion of the building element must also be added:

-Λ-l

(IV)

The present component, in particular the vorlieser.de brick, can consist of a wide variety of materials, such as concrete, clay, plaster, etc. It is also possible to use different materials to be used in combination. Particularly advantageous conditions result when the intermediate webs are made of a material for example consist of plastic or metal, its Strength is greater than that of the rest of the component. These higher strength materials allow narrower crossbars, creating a higher number of air layers can be accommodated, which is the thermal insulation of the component continue to improve.

The present component, in particular the module, can without special precautions according to the previously known methods and can be produced in the simplest manner with the previously known devices. Since no material additives are required for its production, one receives an economical way Component with good thermal resistance and good. Strength properties. Warä Konstruktior.en from the present building element can therefore be compared to wall structures made of known building elements with the same V / thermal resistance Wall thicknesses from: iron or have the same. Viand strengths a greater thermal resistance.

The component according to the invention is illustrated below using the example a brick explained in more detail with reference to the drawing. Show:

9 -, / ■

- 71

Pig. 1 shows a schematic brick in plan view; and

Fig. 2 is a diagram in which for various Querzwjschsnstege s the dependence of the thermal resistance I ^ on the number η or the strength χ of

Air layers is applied.

The brick shown in Fig. 1 should have an overall thickness B = IbO mm, with production-related and constructional reasons the transverse web thickness b = 15 mm and the minimum cross-web thickness is s = 6 mm. With these values, equation I results in a theoretical one Number of air layers

η '= 13.7.

This value can now be rounded up to η = 14. Preferably the value is rounded off to η = 13.

The air layer thickness is then calculated from equation II

χ = 6.0 mm (for η = 13) or 5.15 mm (for η = 14).

With the values obtained, the thermal resistance of the air layers can be determined from equation III:

£ = 1.70 or 1.69 m ² h deg / kcal. ^ L

Disregarding the edge web thickness c and any web thicknesses d, equation IV gives a total thermal resistance ouch

i = 1.96 m ² h deg / kcal,

whereby

- is determined from
Λ

- = (n-1) .s + 2b = 0.26 or 0.27 m ² h deg / kcal

with Λ- = 0.4 kcal / mhgrd.

M.
(fired clay)

In the diagram of FIG. 2 is the thermal resistance _1 for three different cross web thicknesses s = 6 mm,

S ₁ s = 5 now and Sp = 7 mm plotted depending on the number η and the thickness χ of the air layers. It can be seen very clearly that the thermal resistance 1 is strong when there is a deviation from the optimal air layer thickness

decreases. The decrease in the thermal resistance takes place with decreasing air layer thicknesses.

When determining the optimal number η or thickness χ of the air layers, it is assumed, for the sake of simplicity, that the individual air layers extend over the entire length of the component or brick running transversely to the direction of heat transfer. For constructional and production-related reasons, however, this theoretical ideal case cannot be realized. The theoretically determined thermal resistance is therefore worsened by the edge webs of thickness c required on the component and by webs d arranged in the interior of the component. The optimal

39 / ■ ■ π "1 1

len values for the number η and the thickness χ of the air layers however, it also applies to the actual component.

Claims (2)

Protection claims 1 .. component, especially brick, which in heat transmission! icntung has a total thickness of 3 and is provided with zv; ei crossbars of thickness b running transversely to the heat transfer direction, between which η air layers of thickness x, which are parallel to the crossbars and are separated from one another by (n-1) crossbars of thickness s are, are provided, characterized in that ΐ'ύν given values for the total thickness B, the thickness b of the transverse edge webs and the thickness s of the transverse intermediate webs the number η of air layers equal to the size n ^{1 rounded up to the next larger or preferably next smaller whole number} Equation I. "· ₌ -Jfcü! ±! CD V4.85 · s + s is. 2. Component according to claim 1, characterized in that the transverse intermediate webs consist of a material whose Strength is greater than that of the rest of the structure element.