DE6914146U - HEAT EXCHANGER - Google Patents

Description

Applicant:

L. & C. Steinmüller GmbH Gummersbach, January 14, 1969

Gm 6901 Kl./Si.

. Utility model registration
ⁿ heat exchanger "

The invention relates to a heat exchanger in which the heat-emitting medium is guided in tube bundles and the heat is given off to a heat-absorbing medium located in a container and in which the heat-emitting medium is introduced via a chamber upstream of the heat exchanger container and from there it is passed on via the tube bundle.

In heat exchangers of the aforementioned type, it is, depending depending on the media in the heat exchange, the container bottom of the actual heat exchanger holder is necessary shield against excessive heat build-up. This applies in particular to heat exchangers, as used in chemical process engineering and in which, for example, high-temperature fission gases are reduced to what is necessary for the further work process Temperature need to be cooled.

The object of the invention is to provide a thermal insulation layer for the container bottom, which can absorb the then occurring longitudinal and transverse stretching under heat load, without on the one hand the Container bottom, on the other hand to load the flange nozzle.

To solve this problem, the invention proposes that on the outside of the container a In the upstream chamber protruding thermal insulation layer made of ceramic material is provided, which consists of at least three layers, of which the

inner layer and the middle layer made of ceramic material of different thermal conductivity and of different densities and the touching surface parts of the inner, middle and outer layer are inclined outward near the container bottom and between the at least three-layer thermal insulation layer and the container bottom one preferably made of high-strength fibrous materials existing intermediate layer is inserted.

The outer thermal insulation layer can be attached by mounting elements on the inside of the flange nozzle attached to the tank bottom are embedded

In order to safely compensate for the longitudinal and transverse expansions that occur with the various thermal loads to be able to have an angle of inclination of the top Thermal insulation layers of at least 5 ° near the bottom of the container have proven to be useful. This angle of 5 ° is to be regarded as the lower limit.

A dense corundum material is preferably used for the internal thermal insulation layer. The middle The thermal insulation layer is preferably made of hollow spherical corundum material. The outer thermal insulation layer can also consist of hollow sphere corundum material; however, similar materials can also be used Find. The use of corundum material as a thermal insulation layer is particularly advantageous for in the chemical Process engineering fission gases, because such materials have a high resistance against thermal and chemical influences.

About the longitudinal and transverse stretching when exposed to heat safely catch * tons, sees the invention also to form the thermal insulation layer lying near the container bottom so that the close to the Container bottom lying layer areas are made of shaped stones, of which the shaped stones of the internal thermal insulation layer on the inside running parallel to the container axis Have boundary surfaces, while the opposite side outwardly inclined boundary surfaces has, which corresponds to the inner boundary surface of the middle thermal insulation layer, while the surface opposite this boundary surface inclined outwards at the same or a different angle and with the inner contact surface the outer thermal insulation layer also corresponds.

Using the figures shown in the drawings, the invention is based on a possible embodiment shown.

Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a heat exchanger according to the invention, as it is for example is used in chemical process engineering.

Fig. 2 shows the area A of Figure 3 in an enlarged Scale.

To the container 1, which is filled with water and in which there is a tube bundle that carries the heat-emitting medium 2 is located, an antechamber 3, which is lined at the bottom, adjoins it. This antechamber 3 is on the one adjoining the chamber bottom 4

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nozzle 5 flanged. The 3 in Arrow direction; F incoming hot gases overflow the tube bundle located in the middle of the chamber bottom 4 in the actual heat exchanger tank. So that the chamber bottom 4- not through the with about 1500 ° incoming hot gases is thermally too high, the invention provides for this area of the Thermally shield the chamber floor. For this purpose, a layer consisting of at least 3 layers 6, 7, 3 is used Thermal insulation layer, which is designed so that the longitudinal and transverse expansions that occur when exposed to heat Load neither the container bottom 4 nor the flange connection 5. For this purpose is the inner layer 6 made of shaped stones, the outer boundary surfaces 9 of which are inclined outwards, in such a way that they correspond to the contact surfaces of the middle layer 10. The areas 11 de middle layer 7 and the outer surface 12 of the outer [* ■■

k layers 8 are also inclined outwards, where fs the angle of inclination can be equal to or greater than the angle of inclination of the inner layer 10. Lie inner layer 6 continues downwards as a ceramic lining, so it represents a uniformly firmly connected building material. When exposed to heat, longitudinal and transverse expansions occur. As soon as there is a longitudinal expansion in the direction F 1, which is generally more cone in the inner layer than in the middle layer, the outer surface 9 of the inner layer 6 stands out from the inner layer 10 of the middle layer. This creates a gap that can be used for this J if the transverse expansion occurs at the same time. This means that loads in the longitudinal direction as well as in the transverse direction are

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retires. To Walteren compensation of the longitudinal expansion is additionally still between the container bottom 4 · and the outer frontal boundaries of the Uärmedämmschichten a highly refractory fiber layer 13 is inserted. The inclined surfaces of the near the bottom of the container lying V / insulation layers are particularly advantageous during installation, because the downward-facing Conicity of the individual molded stone rings 6,7 »8 in connection with the mounting elements 14 a falling out prevented.

691414b

Claims (6)

ι ι it ti · f * r «6 - 14.1.1969 Pa 6901 Gm 6901 Kl./Si. Protection claims 1. Heat exchanger, "in which the heat-emitting medium is guided in tube bundles and the heat to a heat-absorbing medium located in a container and in which the heat-emitting Medium introduced via a chamber upstream of the heat exchanger tank and from there via the Hohrbündel is forwarded, thereby characterized in that a protruding into the upstream chamber on the outside of the container Thermal insulation layer made of ceramic material is provided, which consists of at least three Layers, of which the inner layer and the middle layer are made of ceramic Material of different thermal conductivity and different density is made up of each other touching surface parts of the inner, middle and outer layer near the container bottom are inclined outwards and between the at least three-layer thermal insulation layer and the container bottom an intermediate layer, preferably consisting of highly refractory fibers, is inserted. 2. Heat exchanger according to AniTaruch 1, thereby characterized in that the inner and middle lying close to the container bottom Layer areas of the thermal insulation layer are self-supporting due to their outwardly inclined boundary surfaces are. f I ff • t · 3. heat exchanger according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the outer thermal insulation layer through in the inner jacket of the mounting elements embedded in the flange on the container bottom is. 4. Heat exchanger according to claims 1 to 3t characterized in that the angle of inclination of the outer boundary surface the inner layer and the boundary surfaces I the middle layer and the inner boundary layer the outer layer aged at least opposite the vertical. 5- heat exchanger according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the inner thermal insulation layer made of dense Corundum material, the more moderate thermal insulation layer made of hollow spherical corundum material and the outer layer made of hollow spherical corundum material or other building materials exist. 6. Heat exchanger according to claims 1 to 5 »as characterized by that the layer areas lying close to the container bottom are made of Pormsteinen, from where the shaped stones of the inner thermal insulation layer part are parallel to the inside or the axis of the container Have running boundary surfaces, while the opposite side outwards has inclined boundary surfaces, which with the inner boundary surface of the middle Thermal insulation layer correspond, while this 69141 rf * · Crossing area opposite area inclined outward at the same or a different angle and with the inner one Contact surface of the outer thermal insulation layer also corresponds.