DE681316C - Process for the production of densely sintered ceramic masses - Google Patents

Process for the production of densely sintered ceramic masses

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Publication number
DE681316C
DE681316C DER97420D DER0097420D DE681316C DE 681316 C DE681316 C DE 681316C DE R97420 D DER97420 D DE R97420D DE R0097420 D DER0097420 D DE R0097420D DE 681316 C DE681316 C DE 681316C
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
slag
production
densely sintered
phosphorus
sintered ceramic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DER97420D
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Dr Carl Schusterius
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rosenthal Isolatoren GmbH
Original Assignee
Rosenthal Isolatoren GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rosenthal Isolatoren GmbH filed Critical Rosenthal Isolatoren GmbH
Priority to DER97420D priority Critical patent/DE681316C/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE681316C publication Critical patent/DE681316C/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/01Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/16Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silicates other than clay
    • C04B35/22Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silicates other than clay rich in calcium oxide, e.g. wollastonite
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B33/00Clay-wares
    • C04B33/02Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
    • C04B33/13Compounding ingredients
    • C04B33/132Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/01Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/16Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silicates other than clay
    • C04B35/18Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silicates other than clay rich in aluminium oxide
    • C04B35/195Alkaline earth aluminosilicates, e.g. cordierite or anorthite
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/01Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/16Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silicates other than clay
    • C04B35/20Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silicates other than clay rich in magnesium oxide, e.g. forsterite
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/34Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3427Silicates other than clay, e.g. water glass
    • C04B2235/3436Alkaline earth metal silicates, e.g. barium silicate
    • C04B2235/3454Calcium silicates, e.g. wollastonite
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P40/00Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
    • Y02P40/60Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)

Description

Verfahren zur Herstellung dichtgesinterter keramischer Massen Wenn Tricalciumphosphat mit Koks und Sand im elektrischen Ofen zu Phosphor re,äiuziert wird, so fällt auf etwa i kg Phosphor etwa ix/, kg Calciumsiliaatschlacke (Phosphorschlacke) an. Diese Schlacken haben je nach .dem Ausglangsprodukt etwa folgende Zusammensetzung: 25 bis: 450/p Kieselsäure; 40 bis 5o% Kalk und q. bis i 5 % Tonerde, dazu noch ;geringe Mengen Eisenoxyd, Magnesia und S,ulfidschwefel. Diese Schlacken werden für Gleisbettungen, Wegebau und Kunststeinherstellung verwendet; zum großen Teil werden sie auch lauf Halden gefahren.Process for the production of densely sintered ceramic masses Wenn Tricalcium phosphate reduced to phosphorus in an electric furnace with coke and sand is, then to about i kg of phosphorus falls about ix /, kg calcium silicate slag (phosphorus slag) at. These slags have approximately the following composition, depending on the starting product: 25 to: 450 / p silica; 40 to 5o% lime and q. up to i 5% clay, plus; little Amounts of iron oxide, magnesia, and sulphide sulfur. This slag is used for track bedding, Road construction and artificial stone production used; for the most part they will run Dumped heaps.

Es wurde nun gefunden, daßdiese sog., Phosphorschlacke in hervorragender Weise für die Herstellung dicht gesinterter keramischer Erzeugnisse ;geeignet ist. Diese weisen einen sehr guten gesinterten Scherben mit ,großer mechanischer Festigkeit auf. Für die Zwecke der Erfindung wird de Schlacke gemahlen und reit Ton sowie Oxyden, z. B. Korund, versetzt und .dann. im keramischen Ofen gebrannt.It has now been found that this so-called., Phosphorus slag in excellent Manner for the production of densely sintered ceramic products; is suitable. These show a very good sintered body with great mechanical strength on. For the purposes of the invention, the slag is ground and rides clay and oxides, z. B. corundum, offset and .then. fired in a ceramic furnace.

Mit .der Erfindung wird es möglich gemacht, das Oxyd CaO in geeigneter Weise zu verwenden. Der bei hohher Temperatur calcinierte Sinterdolomit (Ca O, Mg O) oder Sinterkalk wurde fast ausschließlich für feuerfeste Ofensteine, Ofenauskleidungen und Stampfmassen verwendet, @diese sind sehr kalkreich und deshalb, porös. Für die Herstellung von dichten. und homogenen porzellanarti;g-en Scherben ist die Einführung von Sinterkalk ungeeignet, da dieser, in fein gemahlenem Zustand hydraulische Eigenschaften besitzt,, wodurch die Verformung von solchem: Massen in der keramischen Arbeitswelse erschwert wird. Weiterhin bedingt auch die Einführung von Calciumcarbonat wiederum große Schwindung -und ebenfalls auch eine sehr ;starke Beeinträchtigung der Stan:dfes,tigkeit im Feuer infolge Verkürzung des Brennbereiches. Eine Einführung von Flußspat in diesen großen Mengen verbietet sich vollständig. Erfindungsgemäß wurde beobachtet, daß diese Nachteile bei Verwendung von Ca O als Calciumsilicat (Phosphorschlacke) nicht auftreten. Phosphorschlacke besitzt keine hydraulischen Eigenschaften. Sie wirkt in keramischen Massenausschließlich als Magerungsmittel.. Ferner erfolgt im Brand der Aufschluß der Schlacke langsam, so daß sich z. B. bei Tonschlackenmis,chung keine gefährlichen leichtflüssigen Eutektiken bilden können. Erfindungsgemäß soll diese neue rationelle Verwendung der Phosphorschlacke bei der. Herstellung von dicht gebramten keramischen Formstücken, z. B. elektrischen Isolatoren, erfolgen. - , Die Herstellung von porösen. Steinen, wie Mauersteinen, Filterplatten, mit beliebigen Mengen Hochöfenschlacke ist bekannt. Bei der Erfindung handelt es sich aber um dicht ,gebrannte keramische Erzeugnisse, wo die Phosphorschlacke einen wesentlichen: Bestandteil ausmacht. Die Masse enthält keinen Quarz und, bis auf einen später erwällmton Sonderfall, keinen Feldspat. Die Zusammensetzung des Scherbens weicht also von derjenigeneiner Porzellan-, Steinzeug- oder Schamottemasse und von Massen mit Hochofenschlackenzusatz vollkommen ab.With .the invention it is made possible to use the oxide CaO in a suitable Way to use. The sintered dolomite (Ca O, Mg O) or sintered lime was used almost exclusively for refractory furnace bricks and furnace linings and ramming masses used, @these are very rich in lime and therefore, porous. For the Manufacture of densities. and homogeneous porcelain arti; g-en shards is the introduction Unsuitable for sintered lime, as it has hydraulic properties when finely ground possesses, whereby the deformation of such: masses in the ceramic working world is made more difficult. Furthermore, the introduction of calcium carbonate is also necessary in turn great shrinkage - and also a very; strong impairment of stan: dfes, activity in fire due to shortening of the burning area. An introduction to fluorspar in these large quantities are completely out of the question. According to the invention it was observed that these disadvantages when using Ca O as calcium silicate (phosphor slag) do not occur. Phosphorus slag has no hydraulic properties. she acts exclusively as a leaning agent in ceramic masses Fire the digestion of the slag slowly, so that z. B. at Tonschlackenmis, chung cannot form dangerous, low-viscosity eutectics. According to the invention this new rational use of phosphorus slag the. Manufacturing of tightly fired ceramic fittings, e.g. B. electrical insulators. -, The manufacture of porous. Stones, such as bricks, filter plates, with any Quantities of blast furnace slag are known. The invention is, however, tight , fired ceramic products, where the phosphorus slag is an essential: component matters. The mass does not contain any quartz and, with the exception of a later mentioned special case, no feldspar. The composition of the body thus differs from that of one Porcelain, stoneware or fireclay mass and masses with added blast furnace slag completely off.

Bei der Verwendung der Schlacke ergeben sich zwei Gesichtspunkte. In die eine Gruppe gehören Mischungen tvon 3o bis 6o% Schlacke, 6o bis 30% Ton und etwa i o bis 2o % Schamotte. Diese Mischungen sind ohne Rücksicht auf die zu erwartenden Kristallbildungen hergestellt, lediglich nach den Erfordernisseneiner ,guten Verformbarkeit und der Herstellung .eines dichten Scherbens.There are two aspects to the use of the slag. One group includes mixtures of 3o to 6o% slag, 6o to 30% clay and about 10 to 20% chamotte. These mixtures are without regard to the expected Crystal formations produced, only according to the requirements of good deformability and the production of a dense body.

In die zweite Gruppe ,gehören Versätze, die so ausgesucht sind, .daß sich eine einheitliche kristallisierte Verbindung im Feuer bildet. Die künstliche: Kristallisation des Anorthiüs, C 0.A12 03 # 2 St 02 hat sich für die Struktur des Scherbens als sehr günstig erwiesen. Um den Garbrand zu erleichtern, kann ;auch etwas Flußspat in einer Menge von etwa r % zugegeben werden. Ein solcher Versatz wäre unter Berücksichtigung der Bildung von Anortht z. B. f% Flüßspat, 36% Phosphorschlacke, 9% I'onsehamotte, 420/0 plastischer Ton, I 2 Korund. Dieser Versatz ändert sich mit der Zusammensetzung der verwendeten Phosphorschlacke.The second group includes offsets that are selected so that a uniform crystallized compound forms in the fire. The artificial: Crystallization of the Anorthiüs, C 0.A12 03 # 2 St 02 has become the structure of the Shard proved to be very cheap. To make cooking easier, you can; also some fluorspar in an amount of about r% can be added. Such an offset taking into account the formation of Anortht z. B. f% fluorspar, 36% phosphorus slag, 9% clay shamot, 420/0 plastic clay, I 2 corundum. This offset changes with the composition of the phosphor slag used.

Um eine niedrigere Sinterüngstempleratür zu bekommen, kann dem Versatz auch bis zu etwa 5-%@:Natronfeldsp@at zugesetzt werden, der .als. AlUit"mit Anorthit isomorph kristallisiert.To get a lower sintering stamp door, the offset up to about 5% @: Natronfeldsp @ at can also be added to the .als. AlUit "with anorthite crystallizes isomorphically.

In dieselbe Gruppe ,gehört auch eine Mischung von Phosphorschlacke mit Talk, im Verhältnis i:i. Diese Masse läßt sich im Trockenpreßverfahren gut verarbeiten 'und gibt im keramischen Ofen einen dichten Scherben, der fast ,ganz aus Diopsid Ca OMgO2Si02 besteht, Insofern eine Phosphorschlacke ausgewählt wird, die sehr wenig Tonerde enthält.A mixture of phosphorus slag also belongs to the same group with talc, in the ratio i: i. This mass can be processed well in the dry pressing process 'and in the ceramic furnace there is a dense body that is almost, entirely made of diopside Ca OMgO2Si02 consists, Insofar as a phosphorus slag is selected, which is very little Contains clay.

Claims (3)

PATENTANSPRÜCHE: r. Die Verwendung von Phosphor-: schlacke, d. h. der bei der Phosphorherstellung anfallenden, im wesentlichen aus CalciuKnsilieat bestehenden Ofenschlacke, als Zusatz bei der Herstellung dicht gesinterter aluminium- oder magnesiumsilicathalti,ger keramischer Erzeugnisse. PATENT CLAIMS: r. The use of phosphorus slag, ie the furnace slag that occurs during the production of phosphorus and consists essentially of calcium silicate, as an additive in the manufacture of densely sintered aluminum or magnesium silicate-containing ceramic products. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch i, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Phosphorschlacke in Mengen; von etwa 30 bis 6o Gewichtsprozent verwendet wird. 2. The method according to claim i, characterized in that the phosphorus slag in quantities; from about 30 to 60 weight percent is used. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch, i und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Massen für die dicht gesinterten Erzeugnisse im wesentlichen gemäß den Formeln Ca 0.A1203.2:Si0o bzw. Ca 0#Mg0#2Si02 zusammengesetzt werden.3. The method according to claim i and 2, characterized in that the masses for the densely sintered products composed essentially according to the formulas Ca 0.A1203.2: Si0o or Ca 0 # Mg0 # 2Si02 will.
DER97420D 1936-09-25 1936-09-25 Process for the production of densely sintered ceramic masses Expired DE681316C (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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DER97420D DE681316C (en) 1936-09-25 1936-09-25 Process for the production of densely sintered ceramic masses

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DER97420D DE681316C (en) 1936-09-25 1936-09-25 Process for the production of densely sintered ceramic masses

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DE681316C true DE681316C (en) 1939-09-19

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