DE602040C - Circuit breaker with arc extinguishing by steam - Google Patents

Description

GERMAN EMPIRE

ISSUED ON
AUGUST 30, 1934

REICH PATENT OFFICE

PATENT LETTERING

JVl 602040 CLASS 21c GROUP 35 ίο

Patented in the German Empire on November 2, 1927

It is known that the interruption arc of liquid switches is caused by the vapor extinguish, which is formed by the arc from the liquid and therefore with its liquid communicates. The steam is put under high pressure, creating the arc to be suffocated. About the amount of steam generated regardless of the amount of heat generated To make the arc, it has recently been proposed to use the steam to extinguish the arc of the interruption point to be supplied under pressure from a point outside the point of interruption, the extinguishing steam from its fluid is completely separated.

The invention consists in that when a switch with steam extinguishing, the steam with its liquid is in connection, the vapor in a partially filled with liquid Generating space is formed and sent to the overlying, arranged in a nozzle interruption point and the Arc flows through so that it acts along the arc path under pressure gradient.

The extinguishing effect is not based on the suffocating effect of the steam or the blowing effect par excellence, as with known steam and gas pressure switches, but on a fundamentally different principle: the extinguishing effect of saturated steam flowing under a pressure gradient. In the case of the known steam switches, the arc is usually under the asphyxiating effect of one during the extinguishing process highly superheated, high-pressure steam that should be as free of water as possible. Of the The aim of the arc is to maintain the temperature and thus the pressure of the steam in order to achieve a the favorable extinguishing effect in the vicinity of the arc. Flows through against it Saturated steam under pressure gradient the arc path, then, as the tests show, an increased extinguishing effect occurs. This is about to be explained by the fact that, as experiments by Millikan teach, in rapidly expanding saturated steam the ions and electrodes act as condensation nuclei. Through the core enveloping condensate increases the mass of the ions and electrons, so that the Removal from the area of high electric field strength is safe because the attack surface of the resulting small globules is much larger than that of the Ions and electrons. Another explanation is that when the pressure is reduced by Re-evaporation of the condensate or liquid content with wet steam is excellent internal arc cooling and thus arc deionization is brought about, which again favors the extinguishing of the arc.

The extinguishing is all the more secure, the greater the pressure gradient and thus the steam

*) The patent seeker stated as the inventor:

Or.-Ing. Fritz Kesselring in Berlin-Hermsdorf.

speed is. For this reason it is advantageous to place the steam jet in a condensation chamber to open with negative pressure, since in this case very large pressure gradient and steam velocities are achievable and the flow resistance as well as the Vortex can be as small as possible. The interruption point is simply in a nozzle arranged, which connects the steam generating tank with the condensation space.

Vapors will be used appropriately,

which are not flammable, e.g. B. water, carbonic acid, mercury vapor, etc. Under

In some circumstances it is beneficial to let the steam through to generate the short-circuit current itself by z. B. the short-circuit current directly or via a converter to a heating resistor that supplies the liquid to vaporize brings.

To open the contact pieces only after a sufficiently high vapor pressure has been reached To achieve this, it is advisable to either provide a lock that is dependent on the steam pressure or to cause the contact pieces to open by the steam pressure.

Such a switch is shown in the figure. 11 and 12 mean the fixed ones Contact pieces, 13 the movable contact piece. 14 is a vessel with the zn evaporating Liquid 15, 16 is a heating resistor through which the switch current flows. 17 is a spark chamber into which the arcs are blown. By a magnet 18, the movable contact piece 13 can be moved.

The mode of operation of the arrangement is as follows:

When an overcurrent occurs, the liquid 15 is heated and evaporated. Is a If sufficient pressure is reached, the magnet 18 is excited and the contact piece 13 moves up. The steam now flows out of the vessel 14 into the spark chamber 17 and tears the arcs away from the interruption points. Condenses around the ions the steam, and the small droplets that are created in this way, are emitted by the flow Live steam blown away from the point of interruption at high speed. if the arc dies, d. H. the current is interrupted, the heating of the liquid also stops on, the liquid consumption is extremely low.

Claims (6)

Patent claims: 1. Circuit breaker with arc quenching by steam connected to its Fluid is in communication, characterized in that it consists of a part with Liquid-filled steam generating space • consists of which a jet of saturated steam is sent into the overlying interruption point arranged in a nozzle which flows through the arc in such a way that it acts along the arc path under a pressure gradient. 2. Circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that the outflow opening of the steam generating space is kept closed by the movable contact piece. 3. Circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that the steam jet opens into a condensation chamber with reduced pressure. 4. Circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized marked- that non-flammable vapors, e.g. B. water, carbonic acid or mercury vapor can be used. 5. Circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that the steam through the short-circuit current itself is generated. 6. Circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that the steam outflow is only released when the vapor pressure has a sufficient value. For this purpose ι sheet of drawings iifeftr.iN. FUCKED tu j) Egg!