DE600002C - Process for the dehydration of alcohols and for the cleavage of hydrocarbons - Google Patents

Process for the dehydration of alcohols and for the cleavage of hydrocarbons

Info

Publication number
DE600002C
DE600002C DEP62468D DEP0062468D DE600002C DE 600002 C DE600002 C DE 600002C DE P62468 D DEP62468 D DE P62468D DE P0062468 D DEP0062468 D DE P0062468D DE 600002 C DE600002 C DE 600002C
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
hydrocarbons
percent
alcohols
cleavage
dehydration
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DEP62468D
Other languages
German (de)
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to DEP62468D priority Critical patent/DE600002C/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE600002C publication Critical patent/DE600002C/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C1/00Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon
    • C07C1/20Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as heteroatoms
    • C07C1/24Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as heteroatoms by elimination of water
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2521/00Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium
    • C07C2521/02Boron or aluminium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2527/00Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
    • C07C2527/06Halogens; Compounds thereof
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2527/00Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
    • C07C2527/14Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
    • C07C2527/16Phosphorus; Compounds thereof containing oxygen
    • C07C2527/167Phosphates or other compounds comprising the anion (PnO3n+1)(n+2)-
    • C07C2527/173Phosphoric acid or other acids with the formula Hn+2PnO3n+1

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Description

Verfahren zur Dehydratisierung von Alkoholen und zur Spaltung von Kohlenwasserstoffen Es wurde gefunden, daß als neue energische Katalysatoren zur Dehydratisierung von Alkoholen und zur Spaltung von Kohlenwasserstoffen verschiedener Art Kieselfluorwasserstoffverbindungen geeignet sind, wenn sie mit geschmolzener Phosphorsäure und/oder Borsäure umhüllt sind, und zwar in Mengen von io bis 5o Prozent des Gewichts der Kieselfluorwasserstoffsäuremetallsalze. Diese Mischung wird dann am besten im Vakuum zusammengeschmolzen.Process for the dehydration of alcohols and for the cleavage of Hydrocarbons It has been found that as new energetic catalysts for Dehydration of alcohols and for the cleavage of various hydrocarbons Type of hydrofluoric acid compounds are suitable when melted with Phosphoric acid and / or boric acid are coated, in amounts of 10 to 5o percent the weight of the hydrofluoric acid metal salts. This mixture is then best melted together in a vacuum.

Zusätze von Alkalisulfaten und Metalloxyden in wasserfreier Form sind zulässig, aber nicht unbedingt erforderlich.Additions of alkali sulfates and metal oxides are in anhydrous form permitted, but not absolutely necessary.

Durch folgende Beispiele wird das Verfahren näher erläutert: Beispiel i Kieselfluorwasserstoffsaures Aluminium wird mit io Gewichtsprozent seines Gewichtes an Phosphorsäure in Pulverform gemischt und dann unter Vakuum -bis zur Schmelztemperatur der Phosphorsäure erhitzt. Dies geschieht am besten unter ständigem Umrühren, damit die Phosphorsäure sich gleichmäßig auf dem kieselfluorwasserstoffsauren Aluminium verteilt. Alsdann wird die so erhaltene Masse je nach Bedarf auf 25o bis 5oo ° C erhitzt und dann unmittelbar als Katalysator verwendet.The procedure is explained in more detail by the following examples: Example i Hydrofluoric acid aluminum is 10 percent by weight of its weight mixed with phosphoric acid in powder form and then under vacuum -to the melting point the phosphoric acid heated. This is best done with constant stirring so that the phosphoric acid is evenly distributed on the silicofluoric acid aluminum distributed. The mass thus obtained is then heated to between 250 and 500 ° C. as required heated and then used immediately as a catalyst.

Statt Aluminium- können auch Beryllium-und Magnesiumverbindungen sowie deren Mischungen, ferner Alkali- oder Erdalkalimetallverbindungen zusammen mit Kieselfluorwasserstoffsäure verwendet werden. Über diesen Katalysator wird in einem Porzellanrohr, das in einem elektrischen Ofen auf 3oo bis 400' C erhitzt wurde, Glycerin mit r bis 5 Prozent Wasserdampfzusatz geleitet, wobei das Glycerin bis zu 6o bis 8o Prozent der theoretischen Ausbeute in einem Arbeitsgange in Acrolein gespalten wurde. Statt des Wasserdampfzusatzes kann von wasserreichem Glycerin ausgegangen werden.Instead of aluminum you can also use beryllium and magnesium compounds as well mixtures thereof, furthermore alkali or alkaline earth metal compounds together with silicofluoric acid be used. About this catalyst is in a porcelain tube that is in a electric oven was heated to 3oo to 400 ° C, glycerine with r to 5 percent Water vapor is added, with the glycerine up to 6o to 8o percent of the theoretical Yield was split into acrolein in one operation. Instead of the addition of steam water-rich glycerine can be assumed.

Beispiel 2 Verwendet man Alkohol statt Glycerin unter denselben Bedingungen wie im Beispiel =, so erhält man bei einem Arbeitsgang 88 bis 92 Prozent der theoretischen Ausbeute an Äthylen.Example 2 If alcohol is used instead of glycerine under the same conditions As in the example =, you get 88 to 92 percent of the theoretical in one operation Yield of ethylene.

Beispiel 3 Auf ioo Teile kieselfluorwasserstoffsaures Zink nimmt man 2o Teile Phosphorsäure und io Teile Borsäure und arbeitet weiter wie in Beispiel i. Der so erhaltene Katalysator ist ein ausgezeichneter Spaltkatalysator.EXAMPLE 3 Zinc is taken for every 100 parts of hydrosilicate 20 parts of phosphoric acid and 10 parts of boric acid and continue working as in example i. The catalyst obtained in this way is an excellent cracking catalyst.

Erhitzt man den Katalysator nach Beispiel i in einem Porzellanrohr auf 6oo bis goo ° C, so wird Petroleum bis zu 6o Prozent zu leicht siedenden Kohlenwasserstoffen mit einem Siedepunkt zwischen 6o und 145' C gespalten, ferner bis zu 25 Prozent zu Kohlenwasserstoffen mit einem Siedepunkt zwischen 145 und 21o ° C; der Rest ergibt Mineralöle. Hierbei tritt ein Verlust an Gasen von 5 Prozent auf.The catalyst according to Example i is heated in a porcelain tube at 600 to goo ° C, up to 60 percent petroleum turns into low-boiling hydrocarbons split with a boiling point between 6o and 145 ° C, furthermore up to 25 percent to hydrocarbons with a boiling point between 145 and 210 ° C; the rest results Mineral oils. This results in a gas loss of 5 percent.

Statt kieselfluorwasserstoffsauren Zinks können auch andere Salze der Kieselfluorwasserstoffsäure verwendet werden, insbesondere Eisen-und/oder Nickelsalze der Kieselfluorwasserstoffsäure. Bei Anwendung von Wassergas an Stelle von Wasserdampf kann die Ausbeute an leicht siedenden Kohlenwasserstoffen um io bis 15 Prozent erhöht werden.Instead of silicofluoric acid zinc, other salts can also be used of hydrofluoric acid used, in particular Iron and / or nickel salts of hydrofluoric acid. When using water gas instead of steam, the yield of low-boiling hydrocarbons can be reduced can be increased by 10 to 15 percent.

Es ist zwar bekannt, Glycerin bei 18o° C über 5 Teilen Infusorienerde zu destillieren. Dabei erhält man aber nur eine Ausbeute an Acrolein von 15 bis 17 Prozent.It is known to use glycerine at 18o ° C over 5 parts of infusorial earth to distill. However, this gives only a yield of acrolein of 15 to 17 percent.

Behandelt man aber ioo Teile Glycerin in einem elektrisch beheizten Porzellanrohr, das mit Katalysatorkörpern gemäß Beispiel i beschickt ist, unter Zufuhr von i Prozent überhitztem Wasserdampf bei 350' C, so wird eine Ausbeute an Acrolein von 68 Prozent der Theorie erzielt. Ferner ist zu bemerken, daß außer dem Alkohol gemäß Beispie13 auch aus anderen hochsiedenden Alkoholen mit den beanspruchten Katalysatoren Wasser abgespalten werden kann unter Bildung von Aldehyden oder ungesättigten Kohlenwasserstoffen.If, however, 100 parts of glycerol are treated in an electrically heated porcelain tube which is charged with catalyst bodies according to Example i, with the supply of 1 percent superheated steam at 350 ° C., an acrolein yield of 68 percent of theory is achieved. It should also be noted that in addition to the alcohol according to Example 13, water can also be split off from other high-boiling alcohols with the catalysts claimed, with the formation of aldehydes or unsaturated hydrocarbons.

Claims (1)

PATENTANSPRUCH: Verfahren zur Dehydratisierung von Alkoholen und zur Spaltung von Kohlenwasserstoffen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man einen Katalysator verwendet, der durch Zusammenschmelzen von Alkali-, Erdalkali-oder Schwermetallsalzen der Kieselfluorwasserstoffsäure und überschüssiger konzentrierter Phosphor- und/oder Borsäure erhalten wurde.PATENT CLAIM: Process for the dehydration of alcohols and for Cleavage of hydrocarbons, characterized in that a catalyst is used used by melting together alkali, alkaline earth or heavy metal salts the silicofluoric acid and excess concentrated phosphoric and / or Boric acid was obtained.
DEP62468D 1931-02-28 1931-02-28 Process for the dehydration of alcohols and for the cleavage of hydrocarbons Expired DE600002C (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEP62468D DE600002C (en) 1931-02-28 1931-02-28 Process for the dehydration of alcohols and for the cleavage of hydrocarbons

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEP62468D DE600002C (en) 1931-02-28 1931-02-28 Process for the dehydration of alcohols and for the cleavage of hydrocarbons

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE600002C true DE600002C (en) 1934-07-13

Family

ID=7389962

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DEP62468D Expired DE600002C (en) 1931-02-28 1931-02-28 Process for the dehydration of alcohols and for the cleavage of hydrocarbons

Country Status (1)

Country Link
DE (1) DE600002C (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2542488A (en) * 1947-10-17 1951-02-20 Standard Oil Dev Co Production of olefins

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2542488A (en) * 1947-10-17 1951-02-20 Standard Oil Dev Co Production of olefins

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE600002C (en) Process for the dehydration of alcohols and for the cleavage of hydrocarbons
DE1570398C3 (en)
DE583564C (en) Process for the production of higher molecular olefins
DE659879C (en) Process for the production of glycol dialkyl ethers
DE767824C (en) Electrolyte, especially for electrolytic capacitors
DE557305C (en) Process for the production of high-boiling, especially viscous products by polymerizing low-boiling products
DE765521C (en) Process for the preparation of 1,3-diolefins
DE827361C (en) Process for the production of cyclohexane by hydrogenating benzene
DE579033C (en) Process for the production of a solution of coal in mineral oils or tars
DE733749C (en) Process for the production of high-performance fuels
AT117860B (en) Process for the production of carbocyclic ketones with more than nine ring members.
DE629601C (en) Process for the production of mixed ethers
DE589946C (en) Process for the catalytic production of saturated high molecular weight secondary aliphatic alcohols
DE2055620B2 (en) Process for the preparation of 4,4'-diamino-dicyclohexyl-alkanes
DE503009C (en) Process for the production of salts of organic acids and of ketones and alcohols
DE844742C (en) Process for the preparation of dialkyldiaethoxysilanes
AT218516B (en) Process for increasing the yield of isomeric terphenyls in the pyrolysis of benzene
DE1793380B2 (en) PROCESS FOR PRODUCING SECONDARY AND TERTIAER AMINES
DE909457C (en) Process for the preparation of diaminodicyclohexylmethanes or their derivatives
DE633724C (en) Process for the production of lubricating oils
AT242164B (en) Process for the production of new organic compounds containing boron, phosphorus and sulfur
DE568544C (en) Process for obtaining valuable, especially low-boiling, hydrocarbons
DE606201C (en) Process for the preparation of alkyl chlorides
DE767222C (en) Process for the splitting pressure hydrogenation of heavy and medium oils
DE1140566B (en) Process for the preparation of 1,2,3-tris (vinyloxy) propane