DE600002C - Process for the dehydration of alcohols and for the cleavage of hydrocarbons - Google Patents
Process for the dehydration of alcohols and for the cleavage of hydrocarbonsInfo
- Publication number
- DE600002C DE600002C DEP62468D DEP0062468D DE600002C DE 600002 C DE600002 C DE 600002C DE P62468 D DEP62468 D DE P62468D DE P0062468 D DEP0062468 D DE P0062468D DE 600002 C DE600002 C DE 600002C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- hydrocarbons
- percent
- alcohols
- cleavage
- dehydration
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C1/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon
- C07C1/20—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as heteroatoms
- C07C1/24—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as heteroatoms by elimination of water
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2521/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium
- C07C2521/02—Boron or aluminium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2527/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- C07C2527/06—Halogens; Compounds thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2527/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- C07C2527/14—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
- C07C2527/16—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof containing oxygen
- C07C2527/167—Phosphates or other compounds comprising the anion (PnO3n+1)(n+2)-
- C07C2527/173—Phosphoric acid or other acids with the formula Hn+2PnO3n+1
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Description
Verfahren zur Dehydratisierung von Alkoholen und zur Spaltung von Kohlenwasserstoffen Es wurde gefunden, daß als neue energische Katalysatoren zur Dehydratisierung von Alkoholen und zur Spaltung von Kohlenwasserstoffen verschiedener Art Kieselfluorwasserstoffverbindungen geeignet sind, wenn sie mit geschmolzener Phosphorsäure und/oder Borsäure umhüllt sind, und zwar in Mengen von io bis 5o Prozent des Gewichts der Kieselfluorwasserstoffsäuremetallsalze. Diese Mischung wird dann am besten im Vakuum zusammengeschmolzen.Process for the dehydration of alcohols and for the cleavage of Hydrocarbons It has been found that as new energetic catalysts for Dehydration of alcohols and for the cleavage of various hydrocarbons Type of hydrofluoric acid compounds are suitable when melted with Phosphoric acid and / or boric acid are coated, in amounts of 10 to 5o percent the weight of the hydrofluoric acid metal salts. This mixture is then best melted together in a vacuum.
Zusätze von Alkalisulfaten und Metalloxyden in wasserfreier Form sind zulässig, aber nicht unbedingt erforderlich.Additions of alkali sulfates and metal oxides are in anhydrous form permitted, but not absolutely necessary.
Durch folgende Beispiele wird das Verfahren näher erläutert: Beispiel i Kieselfluorwasserstoffsaures Aluminium wird mit io Gewichtsprozent seines Gewichtes an Phosphorsäure in Pulverform gemischt und dann unter Vakuum -bis zur Schmelztemperatur der Phosphorsäure erhitzt. Dies geschieht am besten unter ständigem Umrühren, damit die Phosphorsäure sich gleichmäßig auf dem kieselfluorwasserstoffsauren Aluminium verteilt. Alsdann wird die so erhaltene Masse je nach Bedarf auf 25o bis 5oo ° C erhitzt und dann unmittelbar als Katalysator verwendet.The procedure is explained in more detail by the following examples: Example i Hydrofluoric acid aluminum is 10 percent by weight of its weight mixed with phosphoric acid in powder form and then under vacuum -to the melting point the phosphoric acid heated. This is best done with constant stirring so that the phosphoric acid is evenly distributed on the silicofluoric acid aluminum distributed. The mass thus obtained is then heated to between 250 and 500 ° C. as required heated and then used immediately as a catalyst.
Statt Aluminium- können auch Beryllium-und Magnesiumverbindungen sowie deren Mischungen, ferner Alkali- oder Erdalkalimetallverbindungen zusammen mit Kieselfluorwasserstoffsäure verwendet werden. Über diesen Katalysator wird in einem Porzellanrohr, das in einem elektrischen Ofen auf 3oo bis 400' C erhitzt wurde, Glycerin mit r bis 5 Prozent Wasserdampfzusatz geleitet, wobei das Glycerin bis zu 6o bis 8o Prozent der theoretischen Ausbeute in einem Arbeitsgange in Acrolein gespalten wurde. Statt des Wasserdampfzusatzes kann von wasserreichem Glycerin ausgegangen werden.Instead of aluminum you can also use beryllium and magnesium compounds as well mixtures thereof, furthermore alkali or alkaline earth metal compounds together with silicofluoric acid be used. About this catalyst is in a porcelain tube that is in a electric oven was heated to 3oo to 400 ° C, glycerine with r to 5 percent Water vapor is added, with the glycerine up to 6o to 8o percent of the theoretical Yield was split into acrolein in one operation. Instead of the addition of steam water-rich glycerine can be assumed.
Beispiel 2 Verwendet man Alkohol statt Glycerin unter denselben Bedingungen wie im Beispiel =, so erhält man bei einem Arbeitsgang 88 bis 92 Prozent der theoretischen Ausbeute an Äthylen.Example 2 If alcohol is used instead of glycerine under the same conditions As in the example =, you get 88 to 92 percent of the theoretical in one operation Yield of ethylene.
Beispiel 3 Auf ioo Teile kieselfluorwasserstoffsaures Zink nimmt man 2o Teile Phosphorsäure und io Teile Borsäure und arbeitet weiter wie in Beispiel i. Der so erhaltene Katalysator ist ein ausgezeichneter Spaltkatalysator.EXAMPLE 3 Zinc is taken for every 100 parts of hydrosilicate 20 parts of phosphoric acid and 10 parts of boric acid and continue working as in example i. The catalyst obtained in this way is an excellent cracking catalyst.
Erhitzt man den Katalysator nach Beispiel i in einem Porzellanrohr auf 6oo bis goo ° C, so wird Petroleum bis zu 6o Prozent zu leicht siedenden Kohlenwasserstoffen mit einem Siedepunkt zwischen 6o und 145' C gespalten, ferner bis zu 25 Prozent zu Kohlenwasserstoffen mit einem Siedepunkt zwischen 145 und 21o ° C; der Rest ergibt Mineralöle. Hierbei tritt ein Verlust an Gasen von 5 Prozent auf.The catalyst according to Example i is heated in a porcelain tube at 600 to goo ° C, up to 60 percent petroleum turns into low-boiling hydrocarbons split with a boiling point between 6o and 145 ° C, furthermore up to 25 percent to hydrocarbons with a boiling point between 145 and 210 ° C; the rest results Mineral oils. This results in a gas loss of 5 percent.
Statt kieselfluorwasserstoffsauren Zinks können auch andere Salze der Kieselfluorwasserstoffsäure verwendet werden, insbesondere Eisen-und/oder Nickelsalze der Kieselfluorwasserstoffsäure. Bei Anwendung von Wassergas an Stelle von Wasserdampf kann die Ausbeute an leicht siedenden Kohlenwasserstoffen um io bis 15 Prozent erhöht werden.Instead of silicofluoric acid zinc, other salts can also be used of hydrofluoric acid used, in particular Iron and / or nickel salts of hydrofluoric acid. When using water gas instead of steam, the yield of low-boiling hydrocarbons can be reduced can be increased by 10 to 15 percent.
Es ist zwar bekannt, Glycerin bei 18o° C über 5 Teilen Infusorienerde zu destillieren. Dabei erhält man aber nur eine Ausbeute an Acrolein von 15 bis 17 Prozent.It is known to use glycerine at 18o ° C over 5 parts of infusorial earth to distill. However, this gives only a yield of acrolein of 15 to 17 percent.
Behandelt man aber ioo Teile Glycerin in einem elektrisch beheizten Porzellanrohr, das mit Katalysatorkörpern gemäß Beispiel i beschickt ist, unter Zufuhr von i Prozent überhitztem Wasserdampf bei 350' C, so wird eine Ausbeute an Acrolein von 68 Prozent der Theorie erzielt. Ferner ist zu bemerken, daß außer dem Alkohol gemäß Beispie13 auch aus anderen hochsiedenden Alkoholen mit den beanspruchten Katalysatoren Wasser abgespalten werden kann unter Bildung von Aldehyden oder ungesättigten Kohlenwasserstoffen.If, however, 100 parts of glycerol are treated in an electrically heated porcelain tube which is charged with catalyst bodies according to Example i, with the supply of 1 percent superheated steam at 350 ° C., an acrolein yield of 68 percent of theory is achieved. It should also be noted that in addition to the alcohol according to Example 13, water can also be split off from other high-boiling alcohols with the catalysts claimed, with the formation of aldehydes or unsaturated hydrocarbons.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DEP62468D DE600002C (en) | 1931-02-28 | 1931-02-28 | Process for the dehydration of alcohols and for the cleavage of hydrocarbons |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DEP62468D DE600002C (en) | 1931-02-28 | 1931-02-28 | Process for the dehydration of alcohols and for the cleavage of hydrocarbons |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE600002C true DE600002C (en) | 1934-07-13 |
Family
ID=7389962
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DEP62468D Expired DE600002C (en) | 1931-02-28 | 1931-02-28 | Process for the dehydration of alcohols and for the cleavage of hydrocarbons |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE600002C (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2542488A (en) * | 1947-10-17 | 1951-02-20 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Production of olefins |
-
1931
- 1931-02-28 DE DEP62468D patent/DE600002C/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2542488A (en) * | 1947-10-17 | 1951-02-20 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Production of olefins |
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