DE579856C - Process for partial dimming of a pupil in optical instruments - Google Patents

Process for partial dimming of a pupil in optical instruments

Info

Publication number
DE579856C
DE579856C DEL78027D DEL0078027D DE579856C DE 579856 C DE579856 C DE 579856C DE L78027 D DEL78027 D DE L78027D DE L0078027 D DEL0078027 D DE L0078027D DE 579856 C DE579856 C DE 579856C
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
pupil
optical instruments
partial
partial dimming
dimming
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DEL78027D
Other languages
German (de)
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ernst Leitz Wetzlar GmbH
Original Assignee
Ernst Leitz Wetzlar GmbH
Publication date
Priority to DEL78027D priority Critical patent/DE579856C/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE579856C publication Critical patent/DE579856C/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B21/00—Microscopes
    • G02B21/18—Arrangements with more than one light path, e.g. for comparing two specimens
    • G02B21/20—Binocular arrangements

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Surface Treatment Of Optical Elements (AREA)

Description

Verfahren zur Teilabblendung einer Pupille in optischen Instrumenten Es ist bekannt und namentlich beispielsweise zum Zweck der stereoskopischen Mikroskopie oft angewendet, Pupillen teilweise abzublenden, was bisher durch geometrische Teilung einer Pupille, z. B. mittels Prismen, Teilabblendung mit Hilfe lichtundurchlässiger Schirme (Halbblenden) oder geometrischphysikalisch durch Schichten örtlich verschiedener Durchlässigkeit (auch Reflexion) bewirkt wurde. Diese Einrichtungen mußten wenigstens ,annähernd am Ort mindestens eines zugänglichen Pupillen- (Zwischen-) Bildes angeordnet werden, wenn die Wirkung für ein endlich ausgedehntes Bildfeld an allen Punkten hinlänglich gleich sein soll.Process for partial masking of a pupil in optical instruments It is known and specifically for the purpose of stereoscopic microscopy, for example often used to partially shade the pupils, which was previously done by geometrical division a pupil, e.g. B. by means of prisms, partial glare with the help of opaque Umbrellas (half-diaphragms) or geometrically-physically by layers of locally different layers Permeability (also reflection) was effected. At least these institutions had to , arranged approximately at the location of at least one accessible pupil (intermediate) image if the effect is for a finitely extended field of view at all points should be sufficiently equal.

In zweckmäßiger Weise kann ein entsprechender Effekt nach der Erfindung auch noch mit einem anderen Mittel erreicht werden, und zwar durch die Anwendung der Grenze der Totalreflexion an mindestens einer gegebenenfalls eigens zu diesem Zweck eingeführten Fläche. Es ist wesentlich für die Erfindung, daß die nötigen optischen Elemente hier nicht in einem zugänglichen Pupillenbild oder in dessen nächster Nähe anzuordnen sind, sondern vorzugsweise in verhältnismäßig großem oder sogar unendlichem Abstand davon.A corresponding effect according to the invention can expediently be achieved can also be achieved by another means, namely through application the limit of total reflection at at least one, if necessary specially for this Purpose introduced area. It is essential for the invention that the necessary optical elements here not in an accessible pupil image or in its are to be arranged in close proximity, but preferably in a relatively large or even an infinite distance from it.

In der Zeichnung ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung schematisch dargestellt. Bei diesem möge die Pupille in P liegen. Gibt man der Linse L eine Brennweite f = I. - P, so entwirft sie ein Bild der Pupille im Unendlichen. Die drei eingezeichneten Achsen P"-o, P"-r, P,-2 der bilderzeugenden Strahlenbündel treffen dabei die dünne Luftschicht S unter gleichen Winkeln. Der Vorgang der Aperturteilung durch die Grenze der Totalreflexion, der nur für das mittlere Bündel P-o zur Anschauung gebracht ist, wiederholt sich in gleicher Weise für die erwähnten anderen Strahlenbündel, da die Strahlen, aus denen sie sich zusammensetzen, nach Durchgang durch die Linse L auch zu den entsprechenden Strahlen des mittleren Kegels parallel verlaufen. Die gleiche Wirkung, die für das axiale Abbildungsstrahlenbündel auf der Zeichnung dargestellt ist, tritt dann in gleicher Weise auch für schiefe Strahlenkegel mit der Basis P ein, wobei die Aperturteilung ebenfalls an der dünnen Luftschicht S erfolgt.An exemplary embodiment of the invention is shown schematically in the drawing. Let the pupil lie in P. If the lens L is given a focal length f = I. - P, it creates an image of the pupil at infinity. The three drawn axes P "-o, P" -r, P, -2 of the image-generating beam hit the thin layer of air S at the same angles. The process of dividing the aperture through the limit of total reflection, which is only shown for the middle bundle Po, is repeated in the same way for the other bundles of rays mentioned, since the rays of which they are made up also after passing through the lens L parallel to the corresponding rays of the central cone. The same effect that is shown for the axial imaging beam in the drawing then also occurs in the same way for oblique cones of rays with the base P, the aperture division also taking place at the thin layer of air S.

Claims (1)

PATENTANSPRUCH: Verfahren zur Teilabblendung einer Pupille (oder mehrerer Pupillen) in optischen Instrumenten, wie z. B. stereoskopischen Aufsätzen zur Okularbeobachtung oder auch zur Erzeugung auffangbarer Bilder für Mikroskope oder Fernrohrlupen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Grenze der Totalreflexion an mindestens einer gegebenenfalls eigens zu dem erwähnten Zweck eingeführten Grenzfläche zwischen Medien mit verschiedenem Brechungsvermögen zur Teilung bzw. Teilabblendung der im abbildenden Strahlengang in verhältnismäßig großem Abstand von der Grenzfläche liegenden Pupille benutzt wird.PATENT CLAIM: Method for partial dimming of one pupil (or several Pupils) in optical instruments, e.g. B. stereoscopic essays for eyepiece observation or also to generate images that can be captured by microscopes or telescopic magnifiers, thereby characterized in that the limit of total reflection at at least one optionally Interface between media with different media introduced specifically for the purpose mentioned Refractive power for splitting or partial glare of the in the imaging beam path used at a relatively large distance from the interface lying pupil will.
DEL78027D Process for partial dimming of a pupil in optical instruments Expired DE579856C (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEL78027D DE579856C (en) Process for partial dimming of a pupil in optical instruments

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEL78027D DE579856C (en) Process for partial dimming of a pupil in optical instruments

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE579856C true DE579856C (en) 1933-07-01

Family

ID=7284318

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DEL78027D Expired DE579856C (en) Process for partial dimming of a pupil in optical instruments

Country Status (1)

Country Link
DE (1) DE579856C (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE941874C (en) * 1953-06-17 1956-04-19 Optische Werke C Reichert Ag Binocular tube, especially for microscopes
DE1116911B (en) * 1960-04-02 1961-11-09 Zeiss Carl Fa Device for the continuous change of the stereo base in stereo microscopes

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE941874C (en) * 1953-06-17 1956-04-19 Optische Werke C Reichert Ag Binocular tube, especially for microscopes
DE1116911B (en) * 1960-04-02 1961-11-09 Zeiss Carl Fa Device for the continuous change of the stereo base in stereo microscopes

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