DE576416C - Intermediate layer for a carrier made of cellulose acetate and its mixed esters - Google Patents
Intermediate layer for a carrier made of cellulose acetate and its mixed estersInfo
- Publication number
- DE576416C DE576416C DEV28277D DEV0028277D DE576416C DE 576416 C DE576416 C DE 576416C DE V28277 D DEV28277 D DE V28277D DE V0028277 D DEV0028277 D DE V0028277D DE 576416 C DE576416 C DE 576416C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- cellulose acetate
- film base
- intermediate layer
- mixed esters
- carrier made
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 title claims description 6
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 3
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 13
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 12
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 10
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 8
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000001828 Gelatine Substances 0.000 description 5
- 241000206672 Gelidium Species 0.000 description 5
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229960000583 acetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 235000010419 agar Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920002284 Cellulose triacetate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NNLVGZFZQQXQNW-ADJNRHBOSA-N [(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-diacetyloxy-3-[(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-3,4,5-triacetyloxy-6-(acetyloxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5,6-triacetyloxy-2-(acetyloxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate Chemical compound O([C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H]1OC(C)=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@@H](COC(C)=O)O1)OC(C)=O)COC(=O)C)[C@@H]1[C@@H](COC(C)=O)O[C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H]1OC(C)=O NNLVGZFZQQXQNW-ADJNRHBOSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- FJWGYAHXMCUOOM-QHOUIDNNSA-N [(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-2-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-dinitrooxy-2-(nitrooxymethyl)-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5,6-trinitrooxy-2-(nitrooxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-3,5-dinitrooxy-6-(nitrooxymethyl)oxan-4-yl] nitrate Chemical compound O([C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[N+]([O-])=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@@H](CO[N+]([O-])=O)O1)O[N+]([O-])=O)CO[N+](=O)[O-])[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO[N+]([O-])=O)O[C@@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[N+]([O-])=O FJWGYAHXMCUOOM-QHOUIDNNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ILJSQTXMGCGYMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N triacetic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(=O)CC(O)=O ILJSQTXMGCGYMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QCVGEOXPDFCNHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5,5-dimethyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-oxazolidine-3-carboxamide Chemical compound CC1(C)OC(=O)N(C(N)=O)C1=O QCVGEOXPDFCNHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920000084 Gum arabic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 206010034972 Photosensitivity reaction Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000978776 Senegalia senegal Species 0.000 description 1
- YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N TOTP Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1OP(=O)(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)C)OC1=CC=CC=C1C YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000205 acacia gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010489 acacia gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000014103 egg white Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000000969 egg white Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000012362 glacial acetic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108010059642 isinglass Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052627 muscovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N papa-hydroxy-benzoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036211 photosensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 229960004889 salicylic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
- G03C1/76—Photosensitive materials characterised by the base or auxiliary layers
- G03C1/91—Photosensitive materials characterised by the base or auxiliary layers characterised by subbing layers or subbing means
- G03C1/93—Macromolecular substances therefor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L7/00—Measuring the steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by mechanical or fluid pressure-sensitive elements
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
Description
Zwischenschicht für aus Celluloseacetat und deren Mischestern bestehende Schichtträger Es ist bekannt, daß auf Filmunterlagen, die z. B. aus Cellulosenitrat, -acetat u. dgl. bestehen, eine aufgegossene Gelatineschicht (z. B. photographische Emulsion) nicht unmittelbar hält. Nach dem Trocknen läßt sich die aufgebrachte Gelatine meist schon im trockenen Zustande als Haut abziehen oder löst sich beim Behandeln mit wäßrigen Flüssigkeiten (photographischen Bädern) ab. Dieses Abheben von der Unterlage geht für gewöhnlich vom Rande aus; und man spricht dann von einem Kräuseln der Gelatineschicht.Intermediate layer for consisting of cellulose acetate and its mixed esters Layer support It is known that on film bases which, for. B. from cellulose nitrate, acetate and the like, a poured gelatin layer (e.g. photographic Emulsion) does not hold immediately. After drying, the applied gelatin can be usually peeled off as skin already in the dry state or loosens during treatment with aqueous liquids (photographic baths). This lift off from the The base usually starts from the edge; and one then speaks of a ripple the gelatin layer.
Um eine genügende Haftfestigkeit zu erzielen, bringt man eine Zwischenschicht an. Man überzieht z. B. die Nitrofilmunterlage mit einer Vorpräparation, die aus Gelatine besteht, die in geringen Mengen Wasser gequollen und durch Zugabe von Eisessig in Lösung gebracht und dann mit Alkohol, Aceton u. dgl. verdünnt wurde.In order to achieve sufficient adhesive strength, an intermediate layer is applied at. One covers z. B. the nitrate film with a prepreparation that consists of Gelatin is made up of small amounts of water and swollen by adding glacial acetic acid brought into solution and then diluted with alcohol, acetone and the like.
Für Filme aus Celluloseacetat ist es bekannt, eine Vorpräparation anzuwenden, die außer Gelatine, Essigsäure und Alkohol noch geringe Mengen Nitrocellulose enthält. Die mit dieser Vorpräparation erzielte Haftfestigkeit der Emulsionsschicht ist häufig sehr unbefriedigend. Man erhält schwankende Resultate, da die physikalischen Eigenschaften der Filmunterlage von Charge zu Charge andere sind. Bei manchen Diacetaten, insbesondere aber bei Triacetaten und Celluloseacetatmischestern, vornehmlich bei denen des Triacetats, versagten die erwähnten Vorpräparationen vollständig. Nach dem späteren Beschichten mit Gelatine bzw. Emulsion haftet wohl die Emulsionsgelatine an derjenigen der Vorpräparation, aber diese nicht genügend fest an der Filmunterlage.For films made from cellulose acetate, it is known to use a prepreparation to use which, in addition to gelatine, acetic acid and alcohol, also contain small amounts of nitrocellulose contains. The adhesive strength of the emulsion layer achieved with this pre-preparation is often very unsatisfactory. You get fluctuating results because the physical The properties of the film base differ from batch to batch. With some diacetates, but especially in the case of triacetates and mixed cellulose acetate esters, primarily at those of the triacetate, the previously mentioned preparations failed completely. To the later coating with gelatine or emulsion will probably adhere the emulsion gelatine on that of the pre-preparation, but not firmly enough on the film base.
Es wurde nun gefunden, daß eine sehr gute Haftfestigkeit erzielt wird, wenn die Vorpräparationslösung noch Filmunterlage bzw. die zu ihrer Herstellung verwandte Wolle gelöst enthält. Die gute Haftung ist vielleicht damit zu erklären, daß die fein- bis grobdispersen Gelatineteilchen beim Trocknen durch die mitauftrocknenden Celluloseester an die Filmunterlage angeklebt werden und dadurch eine sichere Verbindung zwischen Filmträger und später aufgebrachter Emulsionsschicht bewirken. Artfremde Wollen, wie die z. B. vorgeschlagene hFitrocellulose, gehen wahrscheinlich dabei keine so innige Bindung mit der Filmoberfläche ein, wie die artgleiche, in die Vorpräparation eingebrachte Filmunterlage bzw. die zu ihrer Herstellung verwendete Wolle.It has now been found that very good adhesive strength is achieved, if the prepreparation solution is still film base or the one used for its production contains related wool dissolved. The good adhesion can perhaps be explained by that the fine to coarsely dispersed gelatin particles during drying by the co-drying Cellulose esters are glued to the film base and thus a secure connection between the film base and the later applied emulsion layer. Alien Want to like the z. B. proposed hFitrocellulose, probably go with it does not bond with the film surface as closely as the similar one in the pre-preparation introduced film base or the wool used for its production.
Diese Zugabe der betreffenden Cellulosederivate zur Vorpräparation hat noch den weiteren Vorteil, daß man keine so großen Mengen- von den die Filmunterlage stark angreifenden Lösungsmitteln in *die Vorpräparation zu geben braucht, die leicht ein Verziehen und Welligwerden der Filmunterlage hervorrufen.This addition of the cellulose derivatives in question to the prepreparation has the further advantage that you don't get that big Amount of the solvents that strongly attack the film base in * the prepreparation needs to give that easily cause warping and waviness of the film base.
Ferner ist es möglich, die stärkeren Säuren, wie z. B. die Essigsäure, fortzulassen, was photographisch einen großen Vorteil bedeutet. Beim Trocknen der Vorpräparation kann die in der Lösung anwesende Essigsäure nicht restlos verdunstet werden, so daß ihre Reste später auf die photographische Emulsion einwirken können. Die Folge dieser Einwirkung ist Herabsetzung der- Lager- bzw. Tropenfähigkeit der Emulsion, da sehr leicht Schleier und Verminderung der Lichtempfindlichkeit eintritt.It is also possible to use the stronger acids, such as. B. acetic acid, omit what is a great advantage photographically. When drying the The acetic acid present in the solution cannot completely evaporate during pre-preparation so that their residues can later act on the photographic emulsion. The consequence of this action is a reduction in the storability or tropicality of the Emulsion, as fog and a reduction in photosensitivity occur very easily.
Als Beispiel für eine Vorpräparationslösung sei folgendes gegeben: Gelatine zog, Wasser Sog, Salicylsäure 5g, Aceton 8oo g, Äthanol i ooo g, Methylenchlorid i2oo g, Cellulosetriacetat (oder Filmunterlage) io g.The following is an example of a pre-preparation solution: Gelatine pulled, water suction, salicylic acid 5 g, acetone 8oo g, ethanol 100 g, methylene chloride i2oo g, cellulose triacetate (or film pad) io g.
Diese Vorpräparation wird für eine z. B. Trikresylphosphat und andere Weichinachungsmittel enthaltende Cellulosetriacetatfilmunterlage verwendet.This preliminary preparation is used for a z. B. tricresyl phosphate and others Cellulose triacetate film base containing plasticizers is used.
Je nach den physikalischen und chemischen Eigenschaften der Filmunterlage und der Natur und Dicke der später aufzutragenden hydrophilen Kolloidschicht (z. B. photographische Emulsion) ist der Gehalt an Filmunterlage bzw. ihrer Wollen in der Zwischenschicht zu bemessen. Er schwankt beispielsweise zwischen %o bis zum Dreifachen der angewendeten Gelatinemenge.Depending on the physical and chemical properties of the film base and the nature and thickness of the hydrophilic colloid layer to be applied later (e.g. B. photographic emulsion) is the content of film base or its wool in to measure the intermediate layer. For example, it fluctuates between% o and Three times the amount of gelatin used.
Nach guter Trocknung der.obigen Vorpräparation führt sie eine feste Bindung zwischen der aufgetragenen Emulsionsschicht und der Filmunterlage herbei. In manchen Fällen kommt man zu sehr brauchbaren Ergebnissen, wenn man zur Vorpräparationslösung artgleiche, aber in ihren physikalischen Eigenschaften von den Wollen der betreffenden Filmunterlage abweichende Wollen verwendet. Als Beispiel sei genannt, daß für eine aus hochviskosem Cellulosetriacetat bestehende Filmunterlage in der Vorpräparation eine niedrigviskose Triacetatwolle bzw. eine solche neben derjenigen der Filmunterlage bentitzt wird.After the above pre-preparation has dried well, it performs a firm Bond between the applied emulsion layer and the film base. In some cases very useful results can be obtained by using the pre-preparation solution of the same kind, but in their physical properties different from the wills of the people in question Film base of different wool used. An example is that for a Film base made of highly viscous cellulose triacetate in the pre-preparation a low-viscosity triacetate wool or one in addition to that of the film base is used.
Die Erfindung erstreckt sich nicht nur auf die Verwendung von Gelatine in diesen Vorpräparationslösungen, sondern auch auf alle wirkungsgleichen Kolloide, wie Agar-Agar, Hausenblase, Eiweiß usw.The invention does not only extend to the use of gelatin in these pre-preparation solutions, but also on all colloids with the same effect, such as agar-agar, isinglass, egg white, etc.
Als hydrophile Kolloide, mit denen die vorpräparierte Filmunterlage beschichtet werden kann, kommen außer Gelatine, photographischer Emulsion noch Agar-Agar, Eiweiß, Gummiarabikum und ähnliche Stoffe, auch Gemenge, in denen diese enthalten sind, in Frage.As hydrophilic colloids with which the pre-prepared film base can be coated, in addition to gelatine, photographic emulsion, agar-agar, Protein, gum arabic and similar substances, including mixtures containing them are in question.
Es ist jedoch nicht erforderlich, daß z. B. für Beschichtung mit Agar-Agar auch die Vorpräparation diesen Stoff enthält, sondern diese Agar-Agar-Lösung kann auch auf eine beispielsweise mit Gelatine vorpräparierte Unterlage gegossen werden.However, it is not necessary that, for. B. for coating with agar-agar the pre-preparation also contains this substance, but this agar-agar solution can can also be poured onto a base preprepared with gelatin, for example.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEV28277D DE576416C (en) | 1932-06-07 | 1932-06-07 | Intermediate layer for a carrier made of cellulose acetate and its mixed esters |
| NL65306A NL35004C (en) | 1932-06-07 | 1933-05-12 | |
| BE396391D BE396391A (en) | 1932-06-07 | 1933-05-19 | |
| US673599A US2054284A (en) | 1932-06-07 | 1933-05-31 | Photographic film |
| FR756479D FR756479A (en) | 1932-06-07 | 1933-06-03 | Intermediate layer for layer support consisting of cellulose acetate and its mixture esters |
| GB16277/33A GB407573A (en) | 1932-06-07 | 1933-06-06 | Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of composite films |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEV28277D DE576416C (en) | 1932-06-07 | 1932-06-07 | Intermediate layer for a carrier made of cellulose acetate and its mixed esters |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE576416C true DE576416C (en) | 1933-05-12 |
Family
ID=6422189
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEV28277D Expired DE576416C (en) | 1932-06-07 | 1932-06-07 | Intermediate layer for a carrier made of cellulose acetate and its mixed esters |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2054284A (en) |
| BE (1) | BE396391A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE576416C (en) |
| FR (1) | FR756479A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB407573A (en) |
| NL (1) | NL35004C (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1075947B (en) * | 1951-03-17 | 1960-02-18 | Mondiacolor S A | Photomechanical process for the production of three-color screen supports for use in color photography and cinematography |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA432846A (en) * | 1943-09-17 | 1946-01-29 | Famulener Keith | Photographic film base |
| US2544237A (en) * | 1944-07-01 | 1951-03-06 | Noc Company Di | Photosensitive transfer |
| US2527267A (en) * | 1944-10-30 | 1950-10-24 | Ilford Ltd | Photographic layers containing gelatin-sulfonic acid complexes, and their preparation |
| US2578282A (en) * | 1946-07-09 | 1951-12-11 | Eastman Kodak Co | Protective layer for finished photographic film |
| US2606835A (en) * | 1947-09-02 | 1952-08-12 | Du Pont | Light-sensitive photographic element |
| US2593912A (en) * | 1948-11-19 | 1952-04-22 | Gen Aniline & Film Corp | Photographic film containing hardened gelatin |
| US2992156A (en) * | 1958-03-03 | 1961-07-11 | Eastman Kodak Co | Method of treating paper prepared from partially acetylated cellulose fibers |
-
1932
- 1932-06-07 DE DEV28277D patent/DE576416C/en not_active Expired
-
1933
- 1933-05-12 NL NL65306A patent/NL35004C/xx active
- 1933-05-19 BE BE396391D patent/BE396391A/xx unknown
- 1933-05-31 US US673599A patent/US2054284A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1933-06-03 FR FR756479D patent/FR756479A/en not_active Expired
- 1933-06-06 GB GB16277/33A patent/GB407573A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1075947B (en) * | 1951-03-17 | 1960-02-18 | Mondiacolor S A | Photomechanical process for the production of three-color screen supports for use in color photography and cinematography |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR756479A (en) | 1933-12-11 |
| BE396391A (en) | 1933-06-30 |
| GB407573A (en) | 1934-03-22 |
| US2054284A (en) | 1936-09-15 |
| NL35004C (en) | 1935-03-15 |
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